Line 1 (Beijing Subway)

Line 1
 1 
Line 1 train at Xidan station (before the construction of the screen doors)
Overview
Other name(s) M1 (planned name)
Fuba line (Chinese: 复八线)
Type Rapid transit
System Beijing Subway
Status Operational
Locale Chaoyang, Dongcheng, Xicheng, Haidian, and Shijingshan districts
Beijing
Termini Pingguoyuan
Sihui East
Stations 23
Daily ridership 1,234,900 (2014 Avg.)[1]
1,536,900 (2014 Peak)[2][3]
Operation
Opened 1971
Operator(s) Beijing Mass Transit Railway Operation Corp., Ltd
Depot(s) Guchenglu, Sihui Depots [4][5]
Technical
Line length 30.3 km (18.8 mi)
Track gauge 1,435 mm (4 ft 8 1⁄2 in)
Operating speed 80 km/h (maximum service speed)
Route map
connects Fengsha railway to Sanjiadian
Gaojing
 Fushouling
Yongding River diversion canal
no regular train services above
Left arrow Shimenying
S1 line (to be opened 2019)
Line 6 (
western section
to be opened 28 Dec 2018
)
Left arrow Jin'anqiao – Lucheng Right arrow
Pingguoyuan
connects Jingmen railway
Gucheng deopt
 Gucheng
101 line railway (for military purpose only)
Bajiao Amusement Park
 Babaoshan
 Yuquanlu
 Wukesong
 Wanshoulu
 Gongzhufen
Line 10
Left arrow outer – inner Right arrow
Military Museum
Line 9
Left arrow Guogongzhuang – National Library Right arrow
Yongding River diversion canal
Muxidi
Line 16 (to be opened 2019)
Left arrow Wanpingcheng – Bei'anhe Right arrow
 Nanlishilu
connects Line 2
Fuxingmen
Line 2
Left arrow outer – inner Right arrow
Line 19 (planning)
Line 4
Xidan
Left arrow Tiangongyuan – Anheqiaobei Right arrow
 Tian'anmen West
 Tian'anmen East
Wangfujing
Line 8 (
3rd phase
to be opened 2020
)
Left arrow Yinghai – Zhuxinzhuang Right arrow
connects Line 5
Line 5
Dongdan
Left arrow Songjiazhuang – Tiantongyuanbei Right arrow
 Jianguomen
Line 2
Left arrow inner – outer Right arrow
connects Line 2
Yong'anli
Line 17 (to be opened 2021)
Left arrow Yizhuangzhanqianqunan – Weilaikejichengbeiqu Right arrow
Guomao
Line 10
Left arrow inner – outer Right arrow
Dawanglu
Line 14
Left arrow Beijingnan – Shangezhuang Right arrow
Sihui
Batong line
connects Batong line (for depot trains only)
Sihui depot
planned train-operating connection
with Batong line
Sihui East
Batong line
Shuangsha railway
Tuqiao Down arrow

Line 1 of the Beijing Subway (Chinese: 北京地铁1号线; pinyin: běijīng dìtiě yīhào xiàn) is the oldest and one of the busiest lines of Beijing's mass transit rail network. Line 1 runs underneath Chang'an Avenue, the city's grand east–west thoroughfare, right through the heart of Beijing with stops on either side of Tiananmen Square. Line 1's color is      red. As the oldest line of the Beijing Subway, Line 1 was also the most heavily used from the time the subway opened in 1969 until January 2013, when the near-completion of the Line 10 loop caused ridership on that line to surge past Line 1. Recent traffic relief efforts have been completed in recent years. The opening of the first phase of the parallel Line 6, caused an 8.46% decrease in daily demand and a 10-20% reduction in peak flow during rush hour.[6] In addition Beijing BRT line 2 parallels the eastern section of Line 1. However, during peak hours sections of the line still operate above 100% capacity.[6]

Hours of operation

The first east-bound trains departs from Gucheng at 4:58am and Pingguoyuan at 5:10am. The first west-bound train departs Sihui at 4:56am and Sihui East at 5:05am. The last east-bound train leaves Pingguoyuan at 10:55pm. The last west-bound train leaves Sihui East at 11:15pm. For the official timetable, see.[7]

Route

Line 1's western terminus is Pingguoyuan, located in the Western Hills of Shijingshan District. The line heads southeast to its second stop at Gucheng and from there runs straight east, following Chang'an Avenue all the way to its eastern terminus, Sihui East in Chaoyang District, just beyond the 4th Ring Road. The line passes through Xidan, Wangfujing and Dongdan, among other important commercial centers of Xicheng and Dongcheng Districts, as well as the Beijing CBD near the China World Trade Center. The line's total operational length is 30.4 km (18.9 mi). It has 23 stations in operation. All stations except for Sihui and Sihui East are underground.

Stations (from west to east)

Station
№		 Station Name Connections Nearby Bus Stops[8] Travel Time Distance
km		 Location
English Chinese
103 Pingguoyuan 苹果园  6   S1  325 336 358 370 396 399 472 527 597 664 892 929 931 941快 948 961 972 977 977快 981 992 运通112 运通116 0:00 0.0 0.0 Shijingshan
104 Gucheng 古城 318 327 337 385 399 597 941 958 959 夜5 专108 0:04 2.5 2.5
105 Bajiao Amusement Park 八角游乐园 325 327 337 373 436 472 527 545 574 597 598 663 914 941 958 959 965 夜5 专46 专86 专91 0:07 1.9 4.4
106 Babaoshan 八宝山 1 76 337 373 527 545 546 574 597 610 914 941 951 961 979 夜1 运通120 专69 0:10 2.0 6.4
107 Yuquanlu 玉泉路 1 76 78 337 338 370 373 389 436 452 472 473 481 507 610 612 736 941 941快 979 夜1 运通114 云通120 专11 0:12 1.4 7.8
108 Wukesong 五棵松 1 64 76 97 337 370 436 568 624 740 952 967 982 983 特9 夜1 运通115 运通120 0:15 1.8 9.6 Haidian
109 Wanshoulu 万寿路 1 32 33 64 68 76 77 89 308 335 337 370 624 627 夜1 夜5 夜16 运通120 0:18 1.8 11.4
110 Gongzhufen 公主坟  10  1 32 33 40 52 64 68 74 76 77 89 94 300 300快 308 323 335 337 370 374 394 437 624 631快 698 977 977快 特8 夜1 夜5 夜30 运通102 运通103 运通120 运通201 0:20 1.3 12.7
111 Military Museum 军事博物馆  9  1 21 40 52 65 68 78 85 94 308 414 夜1 夜5 夜8 0:22 1.2 13.9
112 Muxidi 木樨地 1 21 32 52 65 68 78 85 94 114 308 320 夜1 夜8 0:23 1.2 15.1 Xicheng
113 Nanlishilu 南礼士路 1 3 10 15 19 42 46 49 52 56 夜1 夜8 夜12 0:25 1.3 16.4
114 Fuxingmen 复兴门  2  1 10 15 44 49 52 387 395 423 691 特4 特12 夜1 夜20 0:26 0.3 16.7
115 Xidan 西单  4  1 15 22 52 70 83 88 102 105 109 332 特13 夜1 夜4 夜10 0:28 1.7 18.4
116 Tian'anmen West 天安门西 1 5 52 观光1 观光2 夜1 0:30 1.3 19.7
117 Tian'anmen East 天安门东 1 2 52 82 120 观光1 观光2 夜1 夜2 夜17 0:32 0.9 20.6 Dongcheng
118 Wangfujing 王府井 1 41 52 103 104 120 140 观光2 特11 夜1 夜17 夜18 夜21 0:33 0.8 21.4
119 Dongdan 东单  5  1 39 41 52 106 108 110 111 116 120 128 140 684 夜1 夜10 夜17 0:34 0.6 22.0
120 Jianguomen 建国门  2  1 20 39 43 44 52 58 120 122 139 140 403 637 638 639 673 804 805 特2 特12 夜1 夜10 夜19 夜20 夜24 夜28 0:36 1.5 23.5 Dongcheng[lower-alpha 1]
121 Yong'anli 永安里 1 9 28 43 58 120 403 619 639 668 673 805 夜1 夜24 0:38 1.2 24.7 Chaoyang
122 Guomao 国贸  10  1 9 11 28 57 58 72 91 98 113 312 348 388 402 405 421 488 619 647 650 666 667 668 669 804 805 805快 806 807 808 809 814 816 817 818 818快 846 848 930 938 938快 976 特8 夜1 夜27 夜30 运通107 专5 专10 专164 0:40 0.9 25.6
123 Dawanglu 大望路  14  1 11 30 31 54 57 58 138 312 388 405 421 486 605 647 666 667 668 677 811 812 815 815快 816 817 818 818快 930 973 985 988 夜1 夜25 夜27 夜34 运通121 专165 0:42 1.4 27.0
124 Sihui 四惠  Batong  1 57 58 322 363 397 405 455 468 475 496 506 517 553 605 657 666 671 865 988 989 夜1 夜27 专113 专167 0:44 1.6 28.6
125 Sihui East 四惠东  Batong  363 397 468 475 506 517 553 666 夜27 运通121 0:47 1.7 30.3
  1. ↑ The Line 1 platform of Jianguomen Station lies entirely within Dongcheng District. The Line 2 platform straddles the border between Dongcheng and Chaoyang Districts.

History

The first section of subway in Beijing officially started trial operation on January 15, 1971. It was 10.7 km (6.6 mi) long and ran between Beijing railway station to Gongzhufen which today is a section of Line 1 and 2.[9] A few months later, on August 15, 1971 the line was extended 3 stations west, to Yuquanlu. The line was extended again to Gucheng in November. On April 23, 1973, the line was extended Pingguoyuan, at this point the line is 23.6 km (14.7 mi) long with 17 stations.[9] On September 15, 1981 the line was again extended westward to Fushouling creating a 27.6 km (17.1 mi) long line with 19 stations. The line was transferred to the newly created Beijing Mass Transit Operation Corporation and was officially opened to the public, ending the decade long trial operation period. By 1981, the annual passenger volume of Beijing Subway was 64.66 million passengers, with a daily average of 177,000 passenger trips.[10]

On August 15, 1986 the second phase of subway construction started and a feasibility study on the construction of the new line between of Fuxingmen to Bawangfen (Today's Beijing CBD) was carried out. A new branch heading east to a new station, Fuxingmen, was completed between Nanlishilu and Changchunjie stations on December 28, 1987. The section between Changchunjie and Beijing railway stations was transferred to the newly created Line 2 and Line 1 ran between Pingguoyuan and Fuxingmen stations. In January 1991, the feasibility study report on the construction of a new line between Fuxingmen to Bawangfen was approved with construction of the new, "Fuba line", starting in June 1992. On December 12, 1992, Line 1 was extended east one station to Xidan. In 1994, Line 1's signals were upgraded to automatic train protection system.[11] On September 28, 1999, the first section of the Fuba line between Tian'anmen East to Sihui East was opened. On June 28, 2000, the section between Xidan and Tiananmen East stations opened, merging Line 1 and the Fuba Line to create a 31 km (19 mi) with line 23 stations.[11] Due to platform congestion and suicides a proposal was made in 2010 to refit all stations on Line 1 with platform screen doors.[12] However, the ventilation system in the older stations of Line 1 was incompatible with full-height platform screen doors, so half height platform screen gates (PSG) will be used.[13] In the meantime between 2014 and 2015, Line 1 again upgraded its signals to a communications-based train control system allowing trains to run headways down to 2 minutes during rush hour. In 2016, the PSG was installed at Yong'anli Station.[14] By the end of 2017, all stations were retrofitted with half-height platform screen doors, and all the screen doors are put into operation for the first time.[15]

Line 1 train at Wangfujing.
Platform of Tian'anmen East station
SegmentCommencementLengthStation(s)Name
Gongzhufen — Beijing Railway Station 1 October 1969[lower-alpha 1] 10.7 km (6.65 mi) 10 Phase 1 (initial section)
Yuquanlu — Gongzhufen 5 August 1971 4.9 km (3.04 mi) 3 Yuquanlu extension
Gucheng — Yuquanlu 7 November 1971 5.4 km (3.36 mi) 3 Gucheng extension
Pingguoyuan — Gucheng 23 April 1973 3.7 km (2.30 mi) 1 Pingguoyuan extension
Nanlishilu — Fuxingmen 28 December 1987 0.4 km (0.25 mi) 1 Line 1 & 2 realignment project
Changchunjie — Beijing Railway Station −6.1 km (−3.79 mi) -6
Fuxingmen — Xidan 12 December 1992 1.6 km (0.99 mi) 1 Xidan extension
Tian'anmen West — Sihui East 28 September 1999 10.1 km (6.28 mi) 10 Fuba line
Xidan — Tian'anmen West 28 June 2000 1.3 km (0.81 mi) 2 Line 1 & Fuba line merging project
  1. ↑ 15 January 1971 - Initial line began operation on a trial basis.

Other facilities

Rolling stock for Line 1 are maintained at Gucheng and Sihui.

Beyond Pingguoyuan, Line 1 extends further west into a military base where it has several other stations including 54# Heishitou/Wulituo (黑石头/五里坨), 53#/No. 101 Gaojing/Beijing Military Region (高井/北京军区) and 52#/No. 102 Fushouling/Metro Drivers' Vocational School (福寿岭/地铁驾校). These stations are not open for public use.

Future plans

Increasing capacity

The platforms of some Line 1 stations are much longer than the trains used on the line.

Due to Line 1's severe overcapacity problem, there are plans to introduce seven-car or longer trains.[16] In order for this plan to proceed the oldest section of Line 1 between Pingguoyuan and Nanlishilu, which only has platforms long enough to accommodate six-car trains, will need to be lengthened. The newer section between Fuxingmen and Sihui East has platforms long enough for 8 car trains. Due to the high cost of extending the platforms of the underground stations the plan is currently put on hold. In the future a parallel express line called Line 18 will run beside or under Line 1 stopping only at major stations.

Through operations with the Batong Line

In 2010, a CPPCC member Chending Wang, proposed that services on Line 1 and the Batong Line should directly link, with through operations, reducing travel times and removing the unnecessary forced transfers at Sihui East or Sihui.[17] However, the Beijing Subway responded that Line 1's and Batong's signal systems are completely different, so through-operation will be more difficult to achieve, from an engineering standpoint. As of 2016, preliminary design and feasibility studies are underway to allow for through operations between Line 1 and Batong.[18] By 2018, the project to allow through operation between the two lines started, with a proposed completion date of 2019.[19][20]

Rolling stock

Current

  • DKZ4 trainsets #S401-S431 (based at Sihui)
  • SFM04 trainsets #G432-G470 (based at Gucheng)

Former

  • DK2 trainsets #201-219
  • DK3 trainsets #G101-G107
  • DK8 trainsets
  • DK11 trainsets #G201-G207, #G2082-G2085, #G209-G213,
  • DK20 trainsets #G108-G114
  • BD1 trainsets #308-311
  • BD2 trainsets #G115-G126
  • BD3 trainsets #G2081,#G2086

See also

Notes

    References

    1. ↑ 客流信息. Beijing Subway. Retrieved 2015-03-20.
    2. ↑ "Ridership". Sina. Retrieved 2012-05-03.
    3. ↑ "Official Ridership". Beijing Subway. Archived from the original on 2012-05-02. Retrieved 2012-05-04.
    4. ↑ Gao Yucai (高毓才) (1999). 建设中的北京地铁——地铁"复一八"线. Beijing: China Railways Press (中国铁道出版社). p. 13. ISBN 7-113-03381-4.
    5. ↑ Pan Xiaojun (潘晓军) (2013). 北京地铁1号线运输能力挖掘研究. 交通运输系统工程与信息. 13 (4): 200–204.
    6. 1 2 我市轨道交通网络化运营效果凸显. Beijing Municipal Transportation Committee (北京市交通委员会). 2013-02-07. Archived from the original on 2014-01-09. Retrieved 2013-09-15.
    7. ↑ Archived October 24, 2008, at the Wayback Machine.
    8. ↑ 北京地铁. Beijing Subway.
    9. 1 2 地铁公司大事记1971--1980年. Beijing Subway.
    10. ↑ 地铁公司1981--1990年地铁大事记. Retrieved 2011-02-03.
    11. 1 2 "Archived copy" 地铁公司1991--2000年大事记. Beijing Subway. Archived from the original on 2011-01-31. Retrieved 2011-02-03.
    12. ↑ 北京地铁1号2号13号线和八通线将装站台安全门. Sohu. 2010-04-06.
    13. ↑ "Archived copy" 北京地铁老线加装站台安全门已进入论证阶段. Archived from the original on 2013-04-10. Retrieved 2013-03-09. 大众网 2010-07-04
    14. ↑ "Archived copy" 北京地铁1号线站台门 开关2000次后"上岗" - 财经新闻 - 中国网•东海资讯. jiangsu.china.com.cn. Archived from the original on 2016-08-21. Retrieved 2016-08-18.
    15. ↑ 1号线全线安全门今日投用 北京地铁全线安全门全部启用. news.sina.com.cn. 2017-09-10. Retrieved 2017-11-09.
    16. ↑ 北京地铁1号线6节车厢将扩至7节. 凤凰网. 2010-12-31.
    17. ↑ 北京地铁八通线一号线有望贯通. 中国网. 2011-09-16.
    18. ↑ 46. 北京八通线南延工程初步设计顺利通过评审-千龙网·中国首都网. finance.qianlong.com. Retrieved 2016-11-17.
    19. ↑ 104. 地铁1号线与八通线贯通工程开始招标 贯通无明确时间表-千龙网·中国首都网. beijing.qianlong.com. Retrieved 2018-01-24.
    20. ↑ charlesliu (2018-01-21). "East-End Subway Transfer to Disappear as Metro Line 1 to Merge with Batong Line". www.thebeijinger.com. Retrieved 2018-01-27.
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