Hawaii's 2nd congressional district

Hawaii's 2nd congressional district
Hawaii's 2nd congressional district – since January 3, 2013.
Current Representative Tulsi Gabbard (D–Honolulu)
Distribution
  • 83.65% urban
  • 16.35% rural
Population (2010) 699,332[1]
Median income 48,686
Ethnicity
Cook PVI D+19[2]

Hawaii's 2nd congressional district is a congressional district in the U.S. state of Hawaii. The district encompasses all rural and most suburban areas of Oahu/Honolulu County, as well as the entire state outside of Oahu. Besides Honolulu, the district includes the counties of Kauai, Maui, Kalawao and Hawaii ("the Big Island"). The district spans 331 miles. The most populous community entirely within the district is Hilo. Major segments of the economy include tourism, ranching and agriculture, especially pineapple and sugarcane cultivation.

The district is represented by Democrat Tulsi Gabbard.

History

When Hawaii and Alaska were admitted to the Union in 1959, both new states were granted one at-large Representative to Congress pending the next United States Census. In the reapportionment following the 1960 U.S. Census, Hawaii was entitled to a second U.S. Representative. Instead of creating two congressional districts, the state continued to elect its U.S. Representatives at-large. Two representatives were first elected in 1962 and Hawaii was first represented by two U.S. Representatives on January 2, 1963 upon the convening of the 88th Congress.

The 2nd Congressional District was created in 1971 when Hawaii began electing its representatives from districts instead of electing an at-large U.S. Representative statewide.

Political profile

Historically, the 2nd Congressional District has been the more Democratic of the state's two districts, with a Cook Partisan Voting Index of D+19.

In 2004, President George W. Bush received 44 percent of the vote in this district to 56 percent for Democrat John Kerry.

In 2008, Democrat and Hawaii native Barack Obama carried this district overwhelmingly with 73 percent of the vote.

Recent election results in presidential races

Year Office Result[3]
2000 President Gore 56% – Bush 36%
2004 President Kerry 56% – Bush 44%
2008 President Obama 73% – McCain 25%
2012 President Obama 71% – Romney 27%
2016 President Clinton 61% – Trump 30%

Residency requirement

Under the U.S. Constitution, a candidate for this district only has to be a resident of Hawaii, but does not have to live in the district itself. The first non-resident to be elected to this U.S. House seat was Ed Case, a Honolulu attorney, though Case was born and raised on the Big Island of Hawaii. The home state office of the Second Congressional District is at the Prince Kuhio Federal Building near Honolulu Harbor.

List of representatives

Representative Party Years Cong
ress(es)		 Notes
Patsy Mink Democratic January 3, 1971 —
January 3, 1977		 92nd
93rd
94th		 Redistricted from the At-large seat, and re-elected here in 1970.
Re-elected in 1974.
Retired to run for U.S. Senator.
Daniel Akaka Democratic January 3, 1977 —
May 15, 1990		 95th
96th
97th
98th
99th
100th
101st		 Elected in 1976.
Re-elected in 1978.
Re-elected in 1980.
Re-elected in 1982.
Re-elected in 1984.
Re-elected in 1986.
Re-elected in 1988.
Resigned when appointed U.S. Senator.
Vacant May 15, 1990 —
September 22, 1990		 101st
Patsy Mink Democratic September 22, 1990 —
September 28, 2002		 101st
102nd
103rd
104th
105th
106th
107th		 Elected to finish Akaka's term.
Re-elected in 1990.
Re-elected in 1992.
Re-elected in 1994.
Re-elected in 1996.
Re-elected in 1998.
Re-elected in 2000.
Died.
Re-elected posthumously in 2002.
Vacant September 28, 2002 —
November 30, 2002
Ed Case Democratic November 30, 2002 —
January 3, 2003		 107th Elected to finish Mink's term in the 107th Congress.
Congress ended before the January 4, 2003 special election to the next Congress.
Vacant January 3, 2003 —
January 4, 2003
Ed Case Democratic January 4, 2003 —
January 3, 2007		 108th
109th		 Elected to finish Mink's term in the 108th Congress.
Re-elected in 2004.
Retired to run for U.S. Senator
Mazie Hirono Democratic January 3, 2007 —
January 3, 2013		 110th
111th
112th		 Elected in 2006.
Re-elected in 2008.
Re-elected in 2010.
Retired to run for U.S. Senator.
Tulsi Gabbard Democratic January 3, 2013 —
Present		 113th
114th
115th		 Elected in 2012.
Re-elected in 2014.
Re-elected in 2016.

Election results

1970 • 1972 • 1974 • 1976 • 1978 • 1980 • 1982 • 1984 • 1986 • 1988 • 1990 (Special) • 1990 • 1992 • 1994 • 1996 • 1998 • 2000 • 2002 • 2002 (Special) • 2003 (Special) • 2004 • 2006 • 2008 • 2010 • 2012

1970

United States House of Representatives elections, 1970[4]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Patsy Mink 91,038 100.00
Total votes 91,038 100.0
Democratic win (new seat)

1972

United States House of Representatives elections, 1972[5]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Patsy Mink (incumbent) 79,856 57.08
Republican Diana Hansen-Young 60,043 42.92
Total votes 139,899 100.0
Democratic hold

1974

United States House of Representatives elections, 1974[6]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Patsy Mink (incumbent) 86,916 62.58
Republican Carla W. Coray 51,984 37.42
Total votes 138,900 100.0
Democratic hold

1976

United States House of Representatives elections, 1976[7]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Daniel Akaka 124,116 79.51
Republican Hank Inouye 23,917 15.32
Independents for Godly Government Bill Penaroza 3,461 2.22
People's Party Dexter Cate 2,408 1.54
Libertarian Don Smith 2,197 1.41
Total votes 156,099 100.0
Democratic hold

1978

United States House of Representatives elections, 1978[8]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Daniel Akaka (incumbent) 118,272 85.73
Republican Charlie Isaak 15,697 11.38
Libertarian Amelia L. Fritts 3,988 2.89
Total votes 137,957 100.0
Democratic hold

1980

United States House of Representatives elections, 1980[9]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Daniel Akaka (incumbent) 141,477 89.90
Libertarian Don Smith 15,903 10.10
Total votes 157,380 100.0
Democratic hold

1982

United States House of Representatives elections, 1982[10]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Daniel Akaka (incumbent) 132,072 89.23
Nonpartisan Gregory B. Mills 9,080 6.14
Libertarian Amelia L. Fritts 6,856 4.63
Total votes 148,008 100.0
Democratic hold

1984

United States House of Representatives elections, 1984[11]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Daniel Akaka (incumbent) 112,377 82.18
Republican A.D. (Al) Shipley 20,000 14.63
Libertarian Amelia L. Fritts 4,364 3.19
Total votes 136,741 100.0
Democratic hold

1986

United States House of Representatives elections, 1986[12]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Daniel Akaka (incumbent) 123,830 76.05
Republican Maria M. Hustace 35,371 21.73
Libertarian Ken Schoolland 3,618 2.22
Total votes 162,819 100.0
Democratic hold

1988

United States House of Representatives elections, 1988[13]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Daniel Akaka (incumbent) 144,802 88.94
Libertarian Lloyd Jeffrey Mallan 18,006 11.06
Total votes 162,808 100.0
Democratic hold

1990 (Special)

Hawaii's 2nd congressional district special election, 1990[14]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Patsy Mink 51,841 37.35
Democratic Mufi Hannemann 50,164 36.14
Democratic Ron Menor 23,629 17.02
Republican Andy Poepoe 8,872 6.39
Republican Stanley Monsef 2,264 1.63
Democratic Duane A. Black 1,242 0.90
Libertarian Lloyd Jeffrey Mallan 791 0.57
Total votes 138,803 100.0
Democratic hold

1990

United States House of Representatives elections, 1990[15]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Patsy Mink (incumbent) 118,155 66.27
Republican Andy Poepoe 54,625 30.64
Libertarian Lloyd Jeffrey Mallan 5,508 3.09
Total votes 178,288 100.0
Democratic hold

1992

United States House of Representatives elections, 1992[16]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Patsy Mink (incumbent) 131,454 72.65
Republican Kamuela Price 40,070 22.14
Libertarian Lloyd Jeffrey Mallan 9,431 5.21
Total votes 180,955 100.0
Democratic hold

1994

United States House of Representatives elections, 1994[17]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Patsy Mink (incumbent) 124,431 70.14
Republican Robert H. (Lopaka) Garner 42,891 24.18
Libertarian Larry Bartley 10,074 5.68
Total votes 177,396 100.0
Democratic hold

1996

United States House of Representatives elections, 1996[18]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Patsy Mink (incumbent) 109,178 60.33
Republican Tom Pico, Jr. 55,729 30.80
Nonpartisan Nolan Crabbe 7,723 4.27
Libertarian James M. Keefe 4,769 2.64
Natural Law Amanda (Mandy) Toulon 3,564 1.97
Total votes 180,963 100.0
Democratic hold

1998

United States House of Representatives elections, 1998[19]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Patsy Mink (incumbent) 144,254 69.40
Republican Carol J. Douglass 50,423 24.25
Libertarian Noreen Leilehua Chun 13,194 6.35
Total votes 207,871 100.0
Democratic hold

2000

United States House of Representatives elections, 2000[20]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Patsy Mink (incumbent) 112,856 61.59
Republican Russ Francis 65,906 35.97
Libertarian Lawrence G.K. Duquesne 4,468 2.44
Total votes 183,230 100.0
Democratic hold

2002

United States House of Representatives elections, 2002[21]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Patsy Mink (incumbent) 100,671 56.16
Republican Bob McDermott 71,661 39.98
Libertarian Lloyd Jeffrey Mallan 4,719 2.63
Natural Law Nick Bedworth 2,200 1.23
Total votes 179,251 100.0
Democratic hold

2002 (Special)

Hawaii's 2nd congressional district special election, 2002[22]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Ed Case 23,576 51.44
Democratic John Mink 16,624 36.27
Republican John Carroll 1,933 4.22
Republican Whitney Anderson 942 2.06
No party 34 others 2,754 5.96%
Total votes 46,216 100.0
Democratic hold

2003 (Special)

Hawaii's 2nd congressional district special election, 2003[23]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Ed Case (incumbent) 33,002 43.24
Democratic Matt Matsunaga 23,050 30.20
Democratic Colleen Hanabusa 6,046 7.92
Republican Barbara Marumoto 4,497 5.89
Republican Bob McDermott 4,298 5.63
No party 39 others 5,435 7.12%
Total votes 76,328 100.0
Democratic hold

2004

United States House of Representatives elections, 2004[24]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Ed Case (incumbent) 133,317 62.77
Republican Mike Gabbard 79,072 37.23
Total votes 212,389 100.0
Democratic hold

2006

United States House of Representatives elections, 2006[25]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Mazie Hirono 106,906 61.04
Republican Bob Hogue 68,244 38.96
Total votes 175,150 100.0
Democratic hold

2008

United States House of Representatives elections, 2008[26]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Mazie Hirono (incumbent) 165,748 76.06
Republican Roger B. Evans 44,425 20.39
Independent Shaun Stenshol 4,042 1.86
Libertarian Lloyd Jeffrey Mallan 3,699 1.70
Total votes 217,914 100.0
Democratic hold

2010

United States House of Representatives elections, 2010[27]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Mazie Hirono (incumbent) 132,290 72.19
Republican John W. Willoughby 46,404 25.32
Libertarian Pat Brock 3,254 1.78
Nonpartisan Andrew V. Von Sonn 1,310 0.72
Total votes 183,258 100.0
Democratic hold

2012

United States House of Representatives elections, 2012[28]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Tulsi Gabbard 168,466 80.54
Republican Kawika Crowley 40,697 19.45
Blank Votes 5,631 N/A
Over Votes 73 N/A
Total votes 214,867 100
Democratic hold

2014

Hawaii's 2nd Congressional District, 2014[29]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Tulsi Gabbard (Incumbent) 142,010 78.7%
Republican Kawika Crowley 33,630 18.6%
Libertarian Joe Kent 4,693 2.6%
Total votes 180,333 100
Democratic hold

2016

Hawaii's 2nd Congressional District, 2016 [30]
Party Candidate Votes %
Democratic Tulsi Gabbard (Incumbent) 170,848 76.23
Republican Angela Aulani Kaaihue 39,668 17.70
Blank votes 13,483 6.02
Over votes 134 0.05
Total votes 224,133 100

Living former Members of the U.S. House of Representatives from Hawaii's 2nd congressional district

As of April 2018, there are two former members of the U.S. House of Representatives from Hawaii's 2nd congressional district who are currently alive.

Representative Term in office Date of birth (and age)
Ed Case 2002–2007 September 27, 1952
Mazie Hirono 2007–2013 November 3, 1947

Historical district boundaries

2003–2013

See also

References

  • Martis, Kenneth C. (1989). The Historical Atlas of Political Parties in the United States Congress. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
  • Martis, Kenneth C. (1982). The Historical Atlas of United States Congressional Districts. New York: Macmillan Publishing Company.
  • Congressional Biographical Directory of the United States 1774–present
  1. ↑ "United States Census". Retrieved 22 July 2014.
  2. ↑ "Partisan Voting Index – Districts of the 115th Congress" (PDF). The Cook Political Report. April 7, 2017. Retrieved April 7, 2017.
  3. ↑ Hawaii Office of Elections: Election results separated by year. Accessed February 11, 2015.
  4. ↑ 1970 Election Results
  5. ↑ 1972 Election Results
  6. ↑ 1974 Election Results
  7. ↑ 1976 Election Results
  8. ↑ 1978 Election Results
  9. ↑ 1980 Election Results
  10. ↑ 1982 Election Results
  11. ↑ 1984 Election Results
  12. ↑ 1986 Election Results
  13. ↑ 1988 Election Results
  14. ↑ 1990 Special Election Results
  15. ↑ 1990 Election Results
  16. ↑ 1992 Election Results
  17. ↑ 1994 Election Results
  18. ↑ 1996 Election Results
  19. ↑ 1998 Election Results
  20. ↑ 2000 Election Results
  21. ↑ 2002 Election Results
  22. ↑ 2002 Special Election Results
  23. ↑ 2003 Special Election Results
  24. ↑ 2004 Election Results
  25. ↑ 2006 Election Results
  26. ↑ 2008 Election Results
  27. ↑ 2010 Election Results
  28. ↑ 2012 Election Results
  29. ↑ "Hawaii General Election 2014" (PDF). Hawaii Office of Elections. 2014-11-04. Retrieved 2014-12-18.
  30. ↑ "PRIMARY ELECTION 2016 – State of Hawaii – Statewide". State of Hawaii Office of Elections. August 16, 2016. p. 1. Retrieved November 18, 2016.

Coordinates: 19°48′35″N 155°30′22″W / 19.80972°N 155.50611°W / 19.80972; -155.50611

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