Divya Desam

A depiction of Lord Vishnu and Lakshmi mounting on Garuda

A Divya Desam or Vaishnava Divya Desam[1] is one of the 108 Vishnu temples that are mentioned in the works of the Alvars (saints). Of the 108 temples, 105 are in India, one is in Nepal, and last two are believed to be outside the Earthly realms. In India, they are spread over states of Tamil Nadu (85), Kerala (11), Andhra Pradesh (2), Gujarat (1), Uttar Pradesh (4), Uttarakhand (3). The last two are Thirupalkadal and Paramapadam. Tirupalkaddal is the ocean of milk and paramapadam is the Vaikuntha where Lord Vishnu presides. The Divya Desams are revered by the 12 Alvars in the Divya Prabandha, a collection of 4,000 Tamil verses. Divya Desams follow Thenkalai or Vadakalai modes of worship.[2]

Etymology

In Divya desam, Divya means "premium" or "divine" and Desam indicates "place" (temple).

Alvars and Divyaprabhanda

Image of Rangamannar-Andal temple in Srivilliputhur showing the pyramidal temple tower
Image of Rangamannar-Andal temple in Srivilliputhur

The word azhwar in Tamil, means one who immerses oneself into the ocean of the countless attributes of god. Azhwars are considered the twelve supreme devotees of Vishnu, who were instrumental in popularising Vaishnavism during the 5th-8th centuries A.D. The religious works of these saints in Tamil, songs of love and devotion, are compiled as Nalayira Divya Prabandham containing 4000 verses and the 108 temples revered in their songs are classified as Divya desam.[3][4] The saints had different origins and belonged to different castes. As per tradition, the first three azhwars, Poigai, Bhutha and Pey were said to be born out of divinity. According to tradition, Tirumizhisai was the son of a sage, Thondaradi, Mathurakavi, Peria and Andal were from brahmin community, Kulasekhara from Kshatria community, Namm was from a cultivator family, Tirupana from panar community and Tirumangai from kazhwar community.

Divya Suri Saritra by Garuda-Vahana Pandita (11th century AD), Guruparamparaprabavam by Pinbaragiya Perumal Jiyar, Periya tiru mudi adaivu by Anbillai Kandadiappan, Yatindra Pranava Prabavam by Pillai Lokacharya, commentaries on Divya Prabandam, Guru Parampara (lineage of Gurus) texts, temple records and inscriptions give a detailed account of the azhwars and their works. According to these texts, the saints were considered incarnations of some form of Vishnu. Poigai is considered an incarnation of Panchajanya (Krishna's conch), Bhoothath of Kaumodakee (Vishnu's Mace/Club), Pey of Nandaka (Vishnu's sword), Thirumalisai of Sudarshanam (Vishnu's discus), Namm of Vishvaksena (Vishnu's commander), Madhurakavi of Vainatheya (Vishnu's eagle, Garuda), Kulasekhara of Kaustubha (Vishnu's necklace), Periy of Garuda (Vishnu's eagle), Andal of Bhoodevi (Vishnu's wife, Lakshmi, in her form as Bhudevi), Thondaradippodi of Vanamaalai (Vishnu's garland), Thiruppaan of Srivatsa[5] (An auspicious mark on Vishnu's chest) and Thirumangai of Saranga (Krishna's bow). The songs of Prabandam are regularly sung in all the Vishnu temples of South India daily and also during festivals.[4][6]

Significance of Divya Desams

In Hindu texts, these temples are often referred to as Bhooloka Vaikuntam, which in Sanskrit means Heaven on earth.[7] Each of the Divya desam has its own significance related to Vaishnava Mythology. Each of these Temples had separate shrines for Vishnu and MahaLakshmi[1]

List of Divyadesams

Divya Desam temples are spread over Indian states of Tamil Nadu(84), Kerala(13), Andhra Pradhesh(2), Gujarat(1), Uttar Pradesh(4) and Uttarakhand(3). The last two are believed to be outside earthly realms.

S.No. Name of the temple Location Photo Presiding deity Notes/Beliefs Azhwars
1 Srirangam Srirangam, Trichy district
Tamil Nadu
10°51′45″N 78°41′23″E / 10.8625°N 78.689722°E / 10.8625; 78.689722
Ranganayagi
Ranganathar		 Srirangam temple is often listed as the largest functioning Hindu temple in the world, the still larger Angkor Wat being the largest existing temple. The temple occupies an area of 156 acres (631,000 m²) with a perimeter of 4,116m (10,710 feet) making it the largest temple in India and one of the largest religious complexes in the world.[8][9] The annual 21 day festival conducted during the Tamil month of Margazhi (December–January) attracts 1 million visitors.[10] Periyalvar
Aandaal
Kulasekara Alvar
Thirumalisai Alvar
Thondaradippodi Alvar
Thiruppaan Alvar
Thirumangai Alvar
Poigai Alvar
Bhoothathalvar
Peyalvar
Nammalvar
2 Sri Azhagiya Manavala Perumal Temple Uraiyur, Trichy district
Tamil Nadu
10°49′N 78°40′E / 10.82°N 78.67°E / 10.82; 78.67
Kamalavalli Vasalakshmi
Azhagiya Manavala Perumal		 The temple locally called Nachiyar Koil and is one of the few Divyadesams where the goddess has prominence over Vishnu.[11][12]The temple is believed to be the birthplace of Thiruppaan Alvar, one of the twelve Azhwar saints belonging to the 6th-8th centuries. In Srirangam, the yearly birth festival of Tirupannazhwar is celebrated wit Viswaroopa darshan of Ranganatha at the sanctum on the occasion of his birthday. The festive idol of Tiupannazhwar is taken from the temple to Srirangam.[13] Kulasekara Alvar - 11
Thirumangai Alvar - 13
3 Uthamar Kovil Bhikshandar Kovil, Trichy district
Tamil Nadu
10°29′N 78°49′E / 10.49°N 78.81°E / 10.49; 78.81
Poornaavalli
Purushothama Perumal		 The temple is only a few of the temples that are dedicated to the Hindu god Trimurti (trinity) namely Vishnu, Shiva and Brahma. As per Hindu legend, the temple is believed to have been constructed by Janakar, the king of Janakapuri and the father of Sita from the epic Ramayana. Thirumangai Azhwar is believed to have resided in the temple to build the surrounding walls of the Srirangam Ranganathaswamy temple.[14] Thirumangai Alvar - 10
4 Pundarikakshan Perumal Temple Thiruvellarai, Trichy district
Tamil Nadu
10°58′N 78°40′E / 10.96°N 78.67°E / 10.96; 78.67
Rakthapankajavalli
Pundarikaksha Perumal		 Pundarikakshan Perumal temple is believed to have been built by the Pallava king Dantivarman (796–847 AD).[15][16]A swastika-shaped temple tank built during 800 AD is present in the south-western corner of the street around the temple. It has four stepped gateways, each having 51 steps. The tank is believed to have been built by Kamban Araiyan during the reign of Dantivarman. In modern times, it is maintained by the Department of Archaeology of the Government of Tamil Nadu. The temple complex covers an area of 2.62 ha (6.5 acres), while the tank covers an area of 0.1256 ha (0.310 acres).[17][18]The chariot festival is unique in the state as a community feast is offered by several individuals and committees, a custom many centuries old.[19][20] Thirumangai Alvar - 10
Periazhwar - 10
5 Vadivazhagiya Nambi Perumal Temple Anbil, Trichy district
Tamil Nadu
10°52′04″N 78°52′56″E / 10.867735°N 78.882171°E / 10.867735; 78.882171
Soundaryavalli
Sundaramoorthaye Poornaya Perumal		 King Sundara Chola who ruled the area was a devotee of the temple and during each of his innumerable victories in wars, he showered a lot of wealth on this temple. His prime minister Anirudha Brahmarayar is believed to be from Anbil, the village where the temple is located. The copper plates having the records from the Chola period from Anbil indicate generous contribution from the Medieval Cholas indicate various gifts to the temple.[21][22] Thirumazhisai Azhwar - 2
6 Appakkudathaan Perumal Temple Koviladi, Trichy district
Tamil Nadu
10°50′22″N 78°53′21″E / 10.839307°N 78.889073°E / 10.839307; 78.889073
Indravalli
Appala Ranganatha Perumal		 The temple has inscriptions from the 18th year of the reign of Aditya Chola.[23][24] The temple is one of the five Pancharanga Kshetrams, a group of five Hindu temples on the banks of the Kaveri River dedicated to Ranganatha, a form of Vishnu.[25][26] Periyalvar- 33
Thirumangai Azhwar
Thirumalisai Alvar
Nammazhwar
7 Hara Saabha Vimocchana Perumal Temple Kandiyur, Thanjavur district
Tamil Nadu
10°51′37″N 79°06′32″E / 10.860255°N 79.108891°E / 10.860255; 79.108891
Indravalli
Appala Ranganatha Perumal		 Since Vishnu relieved (vimochana) the sin (saabha) of Shiva (also called Hara), the temple is called Hara Saabha Vimochana Temple.[27] Thirumangai Azhwar -10
8 Thirukoodalur Aduthurai
, Thanjavur district,
Tamil Nadu
10°55′31″N 79°12′13″E / 10.925152°N 79.203532°E / 10.925152; 79.203532
Padmasani
Jagathrakshaga Perumal		 Kaveri wanted to cleanse herself and approached Hindu god Brahma. She is believed to have worshipped Vishnu at this place and got relieved. A parrot which was devoted to Vishnu was shot down in the nearby forest. Vishnu rescued the parrot and appeased him of him previous birth. Thus it is believed that Vishnu descends here for all forms of life. Vishnu is also believed to have appeared for sage Nandaka.[28] Thirumazhisai Aazhwar - 1
9 Thirukavithalam Kapisthalam
, Thanjavur district,
Tamil Nadu
10°56′49″N 79°15′23″E / 10.946890°N 79.256512°E / 10.946890; 79.256512
Ramamanivalli
Gajendravaradha Perumal		 Gajendra Varadha is believed to have appeared to Gajendra the elephant also called Indrajumnan, the crocodile called Koohoo, Sage Parasara and Sri Anjaneya.[29] Thirumazhisai Aazhwar - 1
10 Thiruppullamboothangudi Pullabhoothangudi
, Thanjavur district,
Tamil Nadu
10°58′18″N 79°18′12″E / 10.971596°N 79.303415°E / 10.971596; 79.303415
Hemabja
Thrudathanvee Ramabadhra Perumal
11 Thiruaadhanur Adanur,
Thanjavur district,
Tamil Nadu
10°58′35″N 79°18′48″E / 10.976470°N 79.313454°E / 10.976470; 79.313454
Ranganayagi
Varshakalathinayaka Perumal
12 Thirukudanthai Kumbakonam, Thanjavur district,
Tamil Nadu
10°57′35″N 79°22′30″E / 10.959649°N 79.374999°E / 10.959649; 79.374999
Komalavalli
Aparyapthamrutha Perumal
13 Thiruvinnagar Tirunageswaram, Thanjavur district,
Tamil Nadu
10°57′42″N 79°25′55″E / 10.961570°N 79.432080°E / 10.961570; 79.432080
Boodevi
Lavanavarjitha Srinivasa Perumal
14 Thirunaraiyur Nachiyar Kovil, Thiruvarur district,
Tamil Nadu
10°54′57″N 79°26′44″E / 10.915844°N 79.445554°E / 10.915844; 79.445554
Vanjulavalli
Srinivasa Perumal
15 Thirucherai Tirucherai, Thiruvarur district,
Tamil Nadu
10°52′45″N 79°27′16″E / 10.879135°N 79.454402°E / 10.879135; 79.454402
Saranayagi
Saranatha Perumal
16 Thirunandhipura Vinnagaram Nathan Kovil,
Thiruvarur district,
Tamil Nadu
10°55′19″N 79°22′20″E / 10.922075°N 79.372192°E / 10.922075; 79.372192
Shenbagavalli
Jagannatha Perumal
17 Thiruvelliyangudi Thiruvelliyangudi,
Nagapattinam district,
Tamil Nadu
11°03′24″N 79°26′35″E / 11.056687°N 79.443095°E / 11.056687; 79.443095
Maragadhavalli
Srungarasundara Danushbani Ramaya Perumal
18 Thirukannamangai Thirukannamangai,
Nagapattinam district,
Tamil Nadu
10°47′58″N 79°35′12″E / 10.799552°N 79.586645°E / 10.799552; 79.586645
Abishegavalli
Bhaktavatsala Perumal
19 Thirukannapuram Tirukannapuram,
Nagapattinam district,
Tamil Nadu
10°52′07″N 79°42′15″E / 10.868499°N 79.704266°E / 10.868499; 79.704266
Kannapura
Sowriraja Perumal
20 Thirukannangudi Tirukannankudi,
Nagapattinam district,
Tamil Nadu
10°45′26″N 79°45′48″E / 10.757222°N 79.763290°E / 10.757222; 79.763290		 Loganayagi
Lokanatha Perumal
21 Thirunagai Nagapattinam,
Nagapattinam district,
Tamil Nadu
10°45′35″N 79°50′37″E / 10.759830°N 79.843706°E / 10.759830; 79.843706
Soundaryavalli
Soundararaja Perumal
22 Thiruthanjai Mamanikoil Thanjavur,
Thanjavur district,
Tamil Nadu
10°48′56″N 79°08′19″E / 10.815669°N 79.138677°E / 10.815669; 79.138677		 Rakthapankajavalli
Neelamega Perumal
Manikundram Thanjavur,
Thanjavur district,
Tamil Nadu
10°49′01″N 79°08′14″E / 10.816923°N 79.137229°E / 10.816923; 79.137229		 Ambujavalli
Maniparvatha Perumal
Thanjaiyali Nagar Thanjavur,
Thanjavur district,
Tamil Nadu
10°48′58″N 79°08′21″E / 10.816022°N 79.139155°E / 10.816022; 79.139155		 Thanjanayagi
Narasimha Perumal
23 Thiruvazhundur Theranzhdur,
Nagapattinam district,
Tamil Nadu
11°02′48″N 79°34′46″E / 11.046532°N 79.579468°E / 11.046532; 79.579468
Rakthapankajavalli
Devadhiraja Perumal
24 Thiruchirupuliyur Thirusirupuliyur,
Nagapattinam district,
Tamil Nadu
10°59′28″N 79°40′10″E / 10.991202°N 79.669440°E / 10.991202; 79.669440
Dhayanayagi
Krupasamudra Perumal
25 Thiruthalaichanga Nanmadiyam Thalachangadu,
Nagapattinam district,
Tamil Nadu
11°07′47″N 79°47′07″E / 11.129789°N 79.785252°E / 11.129789; 79.785252
Siras sanga
Chandrasabahara Perumal
26 Thiruindalur Indalur,
Nagapattinam district,
Tamil Nadu
11°06′35″N 79°38′46″E / 11.109733°N 79.646232°E / 11.109733; 79.646232		 Pundareegavalli
Parimalaranganatha Perumal
27 Thirukazhicheerama Vinnagaram Sirkazhi,
Nagapattinam district,
Tamil Nadu
11°04′29″N 79°43′54″E / 11.07479°N 79.731704°E / 11.07479; 79.731704
Loganayagi
Lokanatha Thrivikrama Perumal
28 Thirukkavalambadi Thirunangur,
Nagapattinam district,
Tamil Nadu
11°10′37″N 79°46′57″E / 11.1769°N 79.7824°E / 11.1769; 79.7824
Pankajavalli
Gopala Krishna Perumal
29 Thiruarimeya Vinnagaram Thirunangur,
Nagapattinam district,
Tamil Nadu
11°10′40″N 79°46′53″E / 11.17768°N 79.78152°E / 11.17768; 79.78152
Amrudhagadavalli
Gadakeli Narthanaya Perumal
30 Thiruvanpurushothamam Thirunangur,
Nagapattinam district,
Tamil Nadu
11°10′44″N 79°46′36″E / 11.178783°N 79.776690°E / 11.178783; 79.776690
Purushothama
Purushothama Perumal
31 Thirusemponsaikoil Thirunangur,
Nagapattinam district,
Tamil Nadu
11°10′42″N 79°46′47″E / 11.178446°N 79.779651°E / 11.178446; 79.779651
Sweda Pushpavalli
Hemaranganatha Perumal
32 Thirumanimadakoil Thirunangur,
Nagapattinam district,
Tamil Nadu
11°10′26″N 79°46′37″E / 11.173971°N 79.776872°E / 11.173971; 79.776872
Pundareegavalli
Sashvatha Deepaya Narayana Perumal
33 Thiruvaigunda Vinnagaram Thirunangur,
Nagapattinam district,
Tamil Nadu
11°10′47″N 79°46′42″E / 11.179804°N 79.778267°E / 11.179804; 79.778267
Vaigundavalli
Vaikuntanatha Perumal
34 Thiruthetriambalam Thirunangur,
Nagapattinam district,
Tamil Nadu
11°10′23″N 79°47′42″E / 11.17302°N 79.7951°E / 11.17302; 79.7951
Rakthapankajavalli
Lakshmiranga Perumal
35 Thirumanikoodam Thirunangur,
Nagapattinam district,
Tamil Nadu
11°10′39″N 79°46′40″E / 11.177415°N 79.777838°E / 11.177415; 79.777838
Boonayagi
Varadharaja Perumal
36 Thiruparthanpalli Parthanpalli,
Nagapattinam district,
Tamil Nadu
11°10′12″N 79°47′51″E / 11.169952°N 79.797515°E / 11.169952; 79.797515
Kamala
Parthasarathy roopa, Kamalapathaye Perumal
37 Thiruvali Thiruvali,
Nagapattinam district,
Tamil Nadu
11°12′11″N 79°46′28″E / 11.202979°N 79.774538°E / 11.202979; 79.774538
Amrudhagadavalli
Kedarapathivaraya Perumal
Thirunagari Thirunagari,
Nagapattinam district,
Tamil Nadu
11°13′35″N 79°48′01″E / 11.226354°N 79.800335°E / 11.226354; 79.800335

38 Thiruthevanarthogai Thirunangur,
Nagapattinam district,
Tamil Nadu
11°11′49″N 79°46′32″E / 11.196842°N 79.775504°E / 11.196842; 79.775504
Samudradanaya
Devanayaka Perumal
39 Thiruvellakulam Thirunangur,
Nagapattinam district,
Tamil Nadu
11°11′24″N 79°45′54″E / 11.190106°N 79.764929°E / 11.190106; 79.764929
Padmavathi
Srinivasa Perumal
40 Thiruchitrakoodam Chidambaram,
Cuddalore district,
Tamil Nadu11°23′57″N 79°41′36″E / 11.399207°N 79.693364°E / 11.399207; 79.693364
Pundareegavalli
Govindaraja Perumal
41 Thiruvaheendrapuram Thiruvanthipuram,
Cuddalore district,
Tamil Nadu11°44′42″N 79°42′34″E / 11.745099°N 79.709351°E / 11.745099; 79.709351
Hemabujavalli
Devanatha Perumal
42 Thirukkovalur Thirukoyilur,
Tiruvannamalai district,
Tamil Nadu11°58′01″N 79°12′09″E / 11.967006°N 79.202479°E / 11.967006; 79.202479
Pushpavalli
Thrivikrama Perumal		 Vamana, a dwarf and an avatar of Vishnu, appeared here to quell the pride of Asura king Bali. The temple is believed to be the place where the first three Azhwars, the Vaishnava saints, namely, Poigai Alvar, Bhoothathalvar and Peyalvar attained salvation. The temple is one of the Panchakanna (Krishnaranya) Kshetrams, the five holy temples associated with Krishna, an avatar of Vishnu.[30][31]
43 Thirukkachi - Atthigiri Kanchipuram,
Kanchipuram district,
Tamil Nadu12°49′09″N 79°43′29″E / 12.819137°N 79.724646°E / 12.819137; 79.724646
Perundevi
Devathiraja Perumal		 One of the greatest Hindu scholars of Vaishnava VisishtAdvaita philosophy, Ramanuja is believed to have resided in this temple.[32] The temple along with Ekambareswarar Temple and Kamakshi Amman Temple in Kanchipuram is popularly known as Mumurtivasam (abode of trio),[33] while Srirangam is referred to as ‘ The Koil’ (meaning: "temple") and Tirupati as the ‘Malai’ (Meaning: "hill").
44 Ashtabuyagaram Kanchipuram,
Kanchipuram district,
Tamil Nadu12°49′22″N 79°42′39″E / 12.822736°N 79.710806°E / 12.822736; 79.710806
Padmasani
Gajendravarada Perumal
45 Thiruthanka Kanchipuram,
Kanchipuram district,
Tamil Nadu12°49′28″N 79°42′20″E / 12.824382°N 79.705543°E / 12.824382; 79.705543
Maragadhavalli
Deepaprakasa Perumal
46 Thiruvelukkai Kanchipuram,
Kanchipuram district,
Tamil Nadu12°49′20″N 79°42′23″E / 12.822197°N 79.706450°E / 12.822197; 79.706450
Amruthavalli
Sundharayoghanarasimha Perumal
47 Thiruneeragam Kanchipuram,
Kanchipuram district,
Tamil Nadu12°50′21″N 79°42′19″E / 12.839122°N 79.705185°E / 12.839122; 79.705185
Boovalli
Jagadeeswara Perumal
48 Thiruppadagam Kanchipuram,
Kanchipuram district,
Tamil Nadu12°50′34″N 79°41′49″E / 12.842726°N 79.696941°E / 12.842726; 79.696941
Rukmani Sathyabama
Pandavadootha Perumal
49 Nilathingal Thundam Kanchipuram,
Kanchipuram district,
Tamil Nadu12°50′51″N 79°41′58″E / 12.847463°N 79.699313°E / 12.847463; 79.699313
Chandrasoodavalli
Chandrasooda Perumal
50 Thiruooragam Kanchipuram,
Kanchipuram district,
Tamil Nadu12°50′21″N 79°42′19″E / 12.839122°N 79.705185°E / 12.839122; 79.705185
Amudavalli
Thrivikrama Perumal
51 Thiruvehka Kanchipuram,
Kanchipuram district,
Tamil Nadu12°49′27″N 79°42′45″E / 12.824070°N 79.712462°E / 12.824070; 79.712462
Komalavalli
Yathokthakari Perumal
52 Thirukkaragam Kanchipuram,
Kanchipuram district,
Tamil Nadu12°50′21″N 79°42′19″E / 12.839122°N 79.705185°E / 12.839122; 79.705185
Padmamani
Karunagara Perumal
53 Thirukkarvaanam Kanchipuram,
Kanchipuram district,
Tamil Nadu12°50′21″N 79°42′19″E / 12.839122°N 79.705185°E / 12.839122; 79.705185
Kamalavalli
Neelamega Perumal
54 Thirukkalvanur Kanchipuram,
Kanchipuram district,
Tamil Nadu12°50′26″N 79°42′12″E / 12.840653°N 79.703250°E / 12.840653; 79.703250
Sundarabimbavalli
Choranatha Perumal
55 Thiruppavalavannam Kanchipuram,
Kanchipuram district,
Tamil Nadu12°50′37″N 79°42′27″E / 12.843658°N 79.707604°E / 12.843658; 79.707604
Pravalavalli
Pravalavarna Perumal
56 Thiru Parameswara Vinnagaram Kanchipuram,
Kanchipuram district,
Tamil Nadu12°50′14″N 79°42′34″E / 12.837151°N 79.709482°E / 12.837151; 79.709482
Vaigundavalli
Vaikundanatha Perumal
57 Vijayaraghava Perumal Temple Thiruputkuzhi,
Kanchipuram district,
Tamil Nadu12°52′22″N 79°37′07″E / 12.872642°N 79.618683°E / 12.872642; 79.618683
Maragadavalli
Vijayaraghava Perumal
58 Thirunindravur Thirunindravur,
Tiruvallur District,
Tamil Nadu13°06′45″N 80°01′34″E / 13.112501°N 80.026096°E / 13.112501; 80.026096
Sudhavalli
Bhaktavatsala Perumal
59 Thiruvallur Thiruvallur,
Tiruvallur district,
Tamil Nadu13°08′36″N 79°54′27″E / 13.143204°N 79.907439°E / 13.143204; 79.907439
Kanagavalli
Vaidhya Veeraraghava Perumal
60 Thiruvallikeni Chennai,
Chennai district,
Tamil Nadu13°03′14″N 80°16′37″E / 13.053920°N 80.276942°E / 13.053920; 80.276942
Rukmani
Venkatakrishna Perumal
61 Thiruneermalai Kanchipuram,
Kanchipuram district,
Tamil Nadu12°57′50″N 80°06′54″E / 12.963808°N 80.114953°E / 12.963808; 80.114953
Sundaravalli
Jalathivarnaya Perumal
62 Thiruvidanthai Thiruvidanthai,
Kanchipuram district,
Tamil Nadu12°45′48″N 80°14′33″E / 12.763217°N 80.242538°E / 12.763217; 80.242538
Komalavalli
Lakshmivaraha Perumal
63 Thirukkadalmallai Mahabalipuram,
Kanchipuram district,
Tamil Nadu12°37′03″N 80°11′36″E / 12.617464°N 80.193303°E / 12.617464; 80.193303
Boosthalamangadevi
Sthalasayana Perumal
64 Thirukkadigai Sholinghur,
Vellore district,
Tamil Nadu13°05′37″N 79°25′29″E / 13.093698°N 79.424626°E / 13.093698; 79.424626
Amruthabalavalli
Yoganarasimha Perumal
65 Thiruvayothi Ayodhya,
Faizabad district,
Uttar Pradesh26°42′53″N 82°49′22″E / 26.71481°N 82.82272°E / 26.71481; 82.82272		 Seethadevi
Ramachandra Perumal
66 Sree Naimisaranyam Naimisaranya,
Uttar Pradesh27°26′11″N 80°34′14″E / 27.43625°N 80.57052°E / 27.43625; 80.57052
Sriharilakshmi
Devaraja Perumal
67 Thirupruthi Jyothirmath,
Chamoli district,
Uttarakhand
29°55′47″N 79°25′21″E / 29.92981°N 79.42245°E / 29.92981; 79.42245
Parimalavalli
Paramapurushaya Perumal
68 Thirukkandamenum Kadinagar Devaprayag,
Tehri Garhwal district,
Uttarakhand
26°57′00″N 80°26′19″E / 26.95009°N 80.43869°E / 26.95009; 80.43869
Pundareegavalli
Neelamega Perumal
69 Thiruvadari Badrinath,
Chamoli district,
Uttarakhand
26°57′00″N 80°26′19″E / 26.95009°N 80.43869°E / 26.95009; 80.43869
Aravindavalli
Badrinarayana Perumal
70 Thiru Saligram Muktinath Valley
Mustang District
Nepal
28°49′00″N 83°52′17″E / 28.816711°N 83.871280°E / 28.816711; 83.871280
Sridevi
Srimoorthi Perumal
71 Thiruvadamadurai Mathura,
Mathura district,
Uttar Pradesh
27°30′17″N 77°40′11″E / 27.504756°N 77.669646°E / 27.504756; 77.669646
Sathyabama
Govardhanagiridhari Perumal
72 Thiruvaipadi Gokul,
Mathura district,
Uttar Pradesh
26°57′00″N 80°26′19″E / 26.95009°N 80.43869°E / 26.95009; 80.43869
Rukmani Sathyabama
Navamohanakrishna Perumal
73 Thirudwaragai Dwarka,
Devbhoomi Dwarka district,
Gujarat
24°00′36″N 73°19′50″E / 24.00995°N 73.33053°E / 24.00995; 73.33053
Lakshmi
Rukmanyadhi Ashtamahishi,
Dwarakadeesa Perumal
74 Thirusingavelkundram (Ahobilam) Ahobilam,
Kurnool district,
Andhra Pradesh
15°20′28″N 79°09′12″E / 15.34099°N 79.15329°E / 15.34099; 79.15329
Amruthavalli Senchulakshmi
Lakshminarasimha Perumal
75 Thiruvengadam(Tirupati) Tirupati,
Chittoor district,
Andhra Pradesh
13°50′02″N 79°24′31″E / 13.83393°N 79.40872°E / 13.83393; 79.40872
Padmavathi
Srinivasa Perumal
76 Thirunavai Tirunavaya,
Mallapuram district,
Kerala
10°21′39″N 76°50′12″E / 10.360704°N 76.83654°E / 10.360704; 76.83654
Vithuvakoduvalli
Abhayapradhaya Perumal
77 Thiruvithuvakodu Thiruvithuvakoodu,
Palakkad district,
Kerala
10°21′39″N 76°50′12″E / 10.36070°N 76.83654°E / 10.36070; 76.83654
Vathsalyavalli
Katkaraswami Perumal
78 Thirukatkarai Thrikkakara,
Ernakulam district,
Kerala
10°21′39″N 76°50′12″E / 10.36070°N 76.83654°E / 10.36070; 76.83654
Madhuraveni
Sookthinatha Perumal
79 Thirumoozhikkalam Thirumoozhikulam,
Ernakulam district,
Kerala
10°21′39″N 76°50′11″E / 10.36070°N 76.8365°E / 10.36070; 76.8365
Vathsalyavalli
Sundaraya Perumal
80 Thiruvallavazh Thiruvalla,
Pathanamthitta district,
Kerala
9°25′38″N 76°49′02″E / 9.42723°N 76.81732°E / 9.42723; 76.81732
Karpagavalli
Amruthanarayana Perumal
81 Thirukkadithanam Thrikkodithanam,
Kottayam District,
Kerala
9°25′38″N 76°49′02″E / 9.42723°N 76.81732°E / 9.42723; 76.81732
Rakthapankajavalli
Devathideva Perumal
82 Thiruchengundrur Chengannur,
Alappuzha District,
Kerala
9°25′38″N 76°49′02″E / 9.42723°N 76.81732°E / 9.42723; 76.81732
Hemalatha
Mayashaktiyuthaswamy Perumal		 It is one of the five ancient shrines in the Chengannur area of Kerala, connected with the legend of Mahabharata, where the five Pandavas are believed to have built one temple each; the temple is believed to have been built by Yudhishthira.Imayavar(Devas) came to this place prior to Yudhishthira and hence the deity here is referred as Imayavarappar.[34] There is another version that the Pandavas worshipped the idols during the reign and started installing them in different places during the end of the reign.[35]
83 Thiruppuliyur Thripuliyur,
Alappuzha District,
Kerala
9°25′38″N 76°49′02″E / 9.42723°N 76.81732°E / 9.42723; 76.81732
Padmasani
Vamana Perumal
84 Thiruvaranvilai Aranmula,
Pathanamthitta District,
Kerala
9°21′20″N 76°45′37″E / 9.35542°N 76.76033°E / 9.35542; 76.76033
Kamalavalli
Kamalanatha Perumal
85 Thiruvanvandoor Thiruvanvandoor,
Alappuzha District,
Kerala
9°21′20″N 76°45′37″E / 9.35542°N 76.76031°E / 9.35542; 76.76031
Harilakshmi
Ananthapadmanabha Perumal		 It is one of the five ancient shrines in the Chengannur area of Kerala, connected with the legend of Mahabharata, where the five Pandavas are believed to have built one temple each; this temple is believed to have been built by Nakula. Earliest references to this temple appear in the poems and hymns composed by the greatest of Alvar saints - Nammalvar, in circa 800 AD. Stone inscriptions in the temple date it back to the Second Chera Empire (800 - 1102 AD).[36]
86 Thiruvananthapuram Thiruvananthapuram,
Thiruvananthapuram District,
Kerala
8°32′02″N 76°55′40″E / 8.53402°N 76.92787°E / 8.53402; 76.92787
Maragadhavalli
Adhikesava Perumal
87 Thiruvattaru Thiruvattar,
Kanyakumari district,
Tamil Nadu
8°22′08″N 77°14′30″E / 8.36897°N 77.241670°E / 8.36897; 77.241670
Kamalavalli
Thiruvazhmarbhan Perumal
88 Thiruvanparisaram Thiruppathisaram,
Kanyakumari district,
Tamil Nadu8°15′15″N 77°28′13″E / 8.254153°N 77.47032°E / 8.254153; 77.47032
vamanashetravalli
Vamanakshetrapoornaya Perumal
89 Thirukkurungudi Thirukkurungudi,
Tirunelveli district,
Tamil Nadu8°26′13″N 77°31′33″E / 8.436906°N 77.5259°E / 8.436906; 77.5259
Chireevaramangaivalli
Thothadhrinatha Perumal
90 Thirucheeravaramangai Nanguneri,
Tirunelveli district,
Tamil Nadu8°26′13″N 77°31′33″E / 8.436905°N 77.5259°E / 8.436905; 77.5259
Boonayagi, Vaigundavalli
Vaikuntanatha Perumal
91 Thiruvaigundam Srivaikuntam,
Thoothukudi district,
Tamil Nadu8°36′35″N 77°58′34″E / 8.609726°N 77.9760°E / 8.609726; 77.9760
Varagunavalli
Vijayasana Perumal
92 Thiruvaragunamangai Natham,
Thoothukudi district,
Tamil Nadu8°36′35″N 77°58′34″E / 8.60972°N 77.976037°E / 8.60972; 77.976037
Boonayagi
Boomipalaya Vairinedharchidha Gopaya Perumal
93 Thiruppuliangudi Thirupulingudi,
Thoothukudi district,
Tamil Nadu8°36′35″N 77°58′34″E / 8.60972°N 77.976037°E / 8.60972; 77.976037
Visalakrishnakshidevi
Aravindhalochana Perumal
94 Thirutholaivillimangalam (Navathirupathi) Tholavillimangalam,
Thoothukudi district,
Tamil Nadu8°36′35″N 77°58′34″E / 8.60972°N 77.97603°E / 8.60972; 77.97603
Baligavalli Padmavathi
Srinivasa Perumal
95 Thirukkulandai (Navathirupathi) Perungulam,
Thoothukudi district,
Tamil Nadu8°36′25″N 77°57′02″E / 8.606968°N 77.950545°E / 8.606968; 77.950545
Kolurvalli
Nikshepavithaya Perumal
96 Thirukkolur (Navathirupathi) Thirukolur,
Thoothukudi district,
Tamil Nadu8°36′23″N 77°58′26″E / 8.6065018°N 77.97389°E / 8.6065018; 77.97389
Kundalakarnadevi
Dheerga Magarakundaladharaya Perumal
97 Thirupperai Thenthiruperai,
Thoothukudi district,
Tamil Nadu8°36′23″N 77°58′26″E / 8.60650°N 77.97389°E / 8.60650; 77.97389
Aadhinathavalli
Aadhinatha Perumal
98 Thirukkurugur Alwarthirunagari,
Thoothukudi district,
Tamil Nadu8°36′25″N 77°57′02″E / 8.60696°N 77.95054°E / 8.60696; 77.95054
Kodhadevi
Vadapathrasayee Perumal
99 Thiruvillipputhur Srivilliputhur,
Virudhunagar district,
Tamil Nadu8°36′25″N 77°57′02″E / 8.60696°N 77.95054°E / 8.60696; 77.95054
Rakthapankajavalli
Narayana Perumal
100 Thiruthangal Thiruthankal
Virudhunagar district,
Tamil Nadu9°00′39″N 77°53′07″E / 9.010702°N 77.8853°E / 9.010702; 77.8853
Madhuravalli
Sangamasundharaya Perumal
101 Thirukkoodal Madurai,
Madurai district,
Tamil Nadu9°59′19″N 78°15′52″E / 9.98860°N 78.26434°E / 9.98860; 78.26434
Sundaravalli
Chorasundara Perumal
102 Thirumaliruncholai Alagar Koyil,
Madurai district,
Tamil Nadu9°59′19″N 78°15′52″E / 9.988609°N 78.2643428°E / 9.988609; 78.2643428
Mohavalli
Kalamega Perumal
103 Thirumogur Thirumohur,
Madurai district,
Tamil Nadu9°59′19″N 78°15′52″E / 9.98860°N 78.26434°E / 9.98860; 78.26434
Mahalakshmi
Uraga Mrudusayanaya Perumal
104 Thirukkoshtiyur Thirukoshtiyur,
Sivaganga district,
Tamil Nadu9°59′19″N 78°15′51″E / 9.98860°N 78.2643°E / 9.98860; 78.2643
Kalyanavalli, Padmasani
Kalyana Jagannatha Perumal
105 Thiruppullani Thirupullani,
Ramanathapuram district,
Tamil Nadu9°59′19″N 8°15′52″E / 9.98860°N 8.26434°E / 9.98860; 8.26434
Ujjeevana
Sathyagirinatha Perumal
106 Thirumeyyam Thirumayam,
Pudukottai district,
Tamil Nadu9°59′19″N 78°15′51″E / 9.98860°N 78.2643°E / 9.98860; 78.2643
Sridevi
Venkatesa Perumal
107 Thirupalkadal Heavenly
Vinnulaga Thirupathi		 Kadal Magal
Sri Devi
Thiruppaarkadal Nathan
108 Thirupparamapadham Heavenly
Vinnulaga Thirupathi

Periya Pirattiyaar

Paramapadha Nathan

See also

Maps

Notes

  1. 1 2 P.M., Neelakrishnan (April 1992). "Sri Divya Desams" (PDF). Ancient Science of Life. Coimbatore: Sarva Sastra Maha Vidyalaya. 11 (3): 193–7. Retrieved 2018-07-14.
  2. ↑ R.K.K., Rajarajan (2013). "Historical sequence of the Vaiṣṇava Divyadeśas. Sacred venues of Viṣṇism". 74. Acta Orientalia, Societates Orientales Danica Fennica Norvegia Svecia: 37–90. ISSN 0001-6438.
  3. ↑ Rao, P.V.L. Narasimha (2008). Kanchipuram – Land of Legends, Saints & Temples. New Delhi: Readworthy Publications (P) Ltd. p. 27. ISBN 978-93-5018-104-1.
  4. 1 2 Dalal 2011, pp. 20-21
  5. ↑ R.K.K., Rajarajan (2016). "Master-Slave Ambivalence in the hagiography of the Āḻvārs". The Quarterly Journal of the Mythic Society. 107 (1): 44–60. ISSN 0047-8555.
  6. ↑ Ramaswamy, Vijaya (2007). Historical Dictionary of the Tamils. Scarecrow Press. p. 211. ISBN 9780810864450.
  7. ↑ Iyengar, Ramaseshan (2009). "The Divya Desam Temples: A Premise for Analyzing the Śrivaisnava Dispute in South India" (PDF). George Mason University.
  8. ↑ Mittal, Sushil; Thursby, G. R. (2005). The Hindu World. New York: Routelge. p. 456. ISBN 0-203-67414-6.
  9. ↑ Vater, Tom (2010). Moon Spotlight Angkor Wat. USA: Perseus Books Group. p. 40. ISBN 9781598805611.
  10. ↑ Jones, Victoria (2004). Wonders of the World Dot-to-Dot. New York: Sterling Publishing Co., Inc. p. 4. ISBN 1-4027-1028-3.
  11. ↑ S., Prabhu (27 December 2012). "Unique drama unfolds during procession". The Hindu. Retrieved 2013-09-09.
  12. ↑ "Unique drama unfolds during procession". The Hindu. 8 April 2005. Retrieved 2013-09-09.
  13. ↑ S., Prabhu (6 January 2012). "Ranganatha suffered his pain". The Hindu. Retrieved 2013-07-21.
  14. ↑ T.A., Srinivasan (21 March 2003). "Temple for the Great Trinity". The Hindu. Retrieved 2013-09-09.
  15. ↑ Daniel, Val (1984). Fluid Signs: Being a Person the Tamil Way. University of California Press. pp. 139–140. ISBN 9780520061675.
  16. ↑ Hultzsch, Eugen (1890). South-Indian inscriptions, Volumes 9–10. Superintendent, Gov't press. p. 298.
  17. ↑ "Swastik Well, Tiruvellarai". Department of Archaeology, Government of Tamil Nadu. Retrieved 2013-07-07.
  18. ↑ M., Balaganessin (2008-05-17). "Pallava-built tank plagued by vandalism at Tiruvellarai". The Hindu. Tiruchi. Retrieved 2013-03-04.
  19. ↑ "Hundreds pull temple car". The Hindu. Tiruchi. 2010-04-09. Retrieved 2013-03-04.
  20. ↑ "Devotees pull temple car". The Hindu. Tiruchi. 2012-03-19. Retrieved 2013-03-04.
  21. ↑ "Sri Sundararaja Perumal temple". Dinamalar. Retrieved 2013-09-09.
  22. ↑ Ayyar, P. V. Jagadisa (1982). South Indian Shrines: Illustrated. New Delhi: Asian Educational Services. p. 533. ISBN 9788120601512.
  23. ↑ Jouveau-Dubreuil, Tony (1994). The Pallavas. New Delhi: Asian Educational Services. p. 77. ISBN 81-206-0574-8.
  24. ↑ Jouveau-Dubreuil, G. (1994). Pallava Antiquities – 2 Vols. Asian Educational Services. p. 13. ISBN 978-81-206-0571-8.
  25. ↑ S., Prabhu (16 September 2010). "Restoring the glory of a temple". The Hindu. Retrieved 2013-09-09.
  26. ↑ Soundara Rajan, Kodayanallur Vanamamalai (2001). Concise classified dictionary of Hinduism. New Delhi: Concept Publishing Company. p. 65. ISBN 81-7022-857-3.
  27. ↑ "Temple for the Great Trinity". The Hindu. 11 June 2005. Retrieved 21 February 2016.
  28. ↑ R. 1997, p. 481-2
  29. ↑ T., Padmaja (2002). Temples of Kr̥ṣṇa in South India: history, art, and traditions in Tamilnāḍu. New Delhi: Shakti Malik. pp. 93–94. ISBN 81-7017-398-1.
  30. ↑ M., Rajagopalan (1993). 15 Vaishnava Temples of Tamil Nadu. Chennai, India: Govindaswamy Printers. pp. 57–65.
  31. ↑ Garg, Gaṅgā Rām (1992). Encyclopaedia of the Hindu World: Ak-Aq. Concept Publishing Company. pp. 352–354. ISBN 9788170223757.
  32. ↑ "The Templenet Encyclopedia - Varadaraja Perumal Temple at Kanchipuram".
  33. ↑ Rao 2008, p. 154
  34. ↑ Bayi, Gouri Lakshmi (1998). Thulasi garland. Bharatiya Vidya Bhavan. p. 244.
  35. ↑ K., Sukumaran (2009). Theerthayathra: A Pilgrimage Through Various Temples. Bharathiya Vidya Bhavan. ISBN 9788172763633.
  36. ↑ S., Jayashanker (May 1997). Temples of Kerala, page 304-305. Directorate of Census Operations, Kerala (Census of India, Special Studies).

References

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  • Chari, S. M. Srinivasa (1997). Philosophy and Theistic Mysticism of the Āl̲vārs. Motilal Banarsidass Publishers. ISBN 9788120813427.
  • Dalal, Roshen (2011). Hinduism: An Alphabetical Guide. Penguin Books India. ISBN 9780143414216.
  • Das, Sisir Kumar; Sāhitya Akādemī (2005). A history of Indian literature, 500-1399: from courtly to the popular. chennai: Sāhitya Akādemī. ISBN 81-260-2171-3.
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