Chicken sandwich

Chicken sandwich
A chicken salad sandwich
Course Main course
Place of origin United States
Canada
Serving temperature Hot (or cold, as in submarine sandwiches)
Main ingredients Chicken, bread

In North America, a chicken sandwich is a sandwich which typically consists of a boneless, skinless breast of chicken served between slices of bread, on a bun, or on a roll. Variations of what North Americans consider a "Chicken Sandwich" include the chicken burger or chicken on a bun, hot chicken, and chicken salad sandwich.

Composition

In North America, the sandwich usually consists of a chicken filet or patty, toppings and bread. The chicken can be deep fried, grilled, roasted or boiled, served hot or cold, and white or dark meat chicken can be used. Shredded chicken in one form or another, such as chicken salad, can also be used in chicken sandwiches. Wrap versions of the sandwich can also be made, in which the ingredients are rolled up inside a flatbread, such as a tortilla.

Open-faced versions of the sandwich, which feature hot chicken served with gravy on top of bread, are also common variations.

Varieties

Chicken burger

A chicken burger with bacon

Some establishments serving hamburgers also serve chicken sandwiches, to give customers an alternative to beef. Such a sandwich may also be called "chicken on a bun"[1] or "chicken burger" in Australia or the UK,[2] and is served on a hamburger bun with similar condiments and toppings as found on hamburgers.[3] While most chicken sandwiches in this context usually use fried or grilled chicken breasts, a chicken burger may also be made of a grilled or fried patty of ground chicken.[4]

History

Chick-fil-A claims that it invented the chicken sandwich in the 1940s. This claim is unsubstantiated, though the Chick-fil-A southern-style chicken sandwich (served with pickles on a steamed roll), introduced in 1964, was most likely the first chicken sandwich introduced by a fast food restaurant chain.[5] Other notable vendors of chicken sandwiches include KFC and Popeyes Louisiana Kitchen. Today, most major fast food, fast casual and casual dining chains feature some sort of chicken sandwich, even at restaurants where chicken is not a specialty.

A Quebec-style "hot chicken", topped with green peas

Chicken salad sandwich

Chicken salad served between slices of bread is a chicken sandwich variation seen both in North America and elsewhere.

Regional Varieties

Chicken fillet roll

In Ireland, the popular chicken fillet roll is a baguette filled with a spicy or plain breaded chicken fillet and a mayonnaise or butter spread.[6]

"Hot Chicken" Sandwich

The hot chicken sandwich or simply "hot chicken" (Quebec French: sandwich hot chicken) is a type of chicken sandwich consisting of chicken, sliced bread, and gravy. The sandwich is usually served with green peas and commonly found in Eastern Canadian cuisine. It's especially popular in Quebec and is often considered one of the province's staple dishes.[7][8] Since it is so commonly found in eateries of Quebec (Rôtisserie St-Hubert, Valentine, e.g.) and less seen outside the province, many Québécois regard it as a part of Quebec cuisine and believe it to have originated in the province.[7] This combination of chicken, gravy, and peas is known by its own term: galvaude,[7] seen in poutine galvaude.

Although less featured in other areas of North America, the sandwich is also found in small diners from the Canadian Maritimes[9] and throughout the Southeastern United States.[10]

The sandwich was a working-class dish already common and well established in North American cuisine by the early 1900s[11] and featured on the food menus of pharmacists and druggists of the time.[12] Due to its ease of preparation and its minimal costs, the sandwich was also widely served in the mess halls and cafeterias of the mid-1900s.[13][14]

This style of sandwich often makes use of leftovers from a previous meal. Substituting turkey for the chicken would make a hot turkey sandwich[15] and substituting roast beef makes a variety of the roast beef sandwich.[16]

Pepito

The pepito is a sandwich that is prepared with chicken or beef, beans or refried beans and a roll or bun as primary ingredients. It is a common street food in Mexico and Venezuela.[17][18]

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Poultry and Egg Marketing". Volume 62. Poultry & Egg News, Incorporated. 1982. Retrieved 4 June 2016. (subscription required)
  2. ↑ Lluch, A.A. (2008). The Complete Calorie Fat & Carb Counter. WS Publishing Group. p. 77. ISBN 978-1-934386-34-7. Retrieved June 4, 2016.
  3. ↑ Watson, S. (2008). Fast Food. What's in Your Food? Recipe for Disaster. Rosen Publishing Group. p. 19. ISBN 978-1-4042-1416-3. Retrieved June 4, 2016.
  4. ↑ Larsen, L.; Harbin, D. (2009). Knack Grilling Basics: A Step-by-Step Guide to Delicious Recipes. Knack: Make It Easy. Globe Pequot Press. p. 52. ISBN 978-1-59921-761-1. Retrieved June 4, 2016.
  5. ↑ Calia, Michael; Jargon, Julie (8 September 2014). "Chick-fil-A Founder, a Champion of Conservatism and Chicken, Dies at 93". The Wall Street Journal (Subscription required). Retrieved 8 September 2014.
  6. ↑ "Chicken Fillet Roll · TheJournal.ie". TheJournal.ie. Retrieved 2017-10-23.
  7. 1 2 3 McMillan, David; Morin, Frederic; Erickson, Meredith (Oct 11, 2011), The Art of Living According to Joe Beef: A Cookbook of Sorts, Random House Digital, Inc.,
  8. ↑ Fodor's Travel Publications, Inc. (2011). Fodor's 2011 Montréal and Québec City. Fodors Travel Publications. p. 16. ISBN 978-1-4000-0510-9.
  9. ↑ Canton, Richard Todd (May 31, 2012), Food for Thought:A Working Man's Guide to Life, iUniverse
  10. ↑ Edelstein, Sari (Oct 22, 2010), Food, Cuisine, and Cultural Competency for Culinary, Hospitality, and Nutrition Professionals, Jones & Bartlett Learning
  11. ↑ Greene Fuller, Eva (1909), The Up-To-Date Sandwich Book 400 Ways to Make a Sandwich, Chicago: A. C. McCLURG & CO.
  12. ↑ American Druggist and Pharmaceutical Record, 58-59, American Druggist Publishing Co., 1911
  13. ↑ Richards, Lenore; Treat, Nola (1966), Quantity cookery; menu planning and cooking for large numbers, Little, Brown and Company
  14. ↑ Bradley, Alice (1922), Cooking for profit; catering and food service management, Chicago: Home Economics Association
  15. ↑ "Hot Turkey Sandwich", by Elise Bauer, https://www.simplyrecipes.com/recipes/open_faced_turkey_and_gravy_sandwich/
  16. ↑ "Old-Fashioned Hot Open-Faced Roast Beef Sandwich", by Stella Mae, http://www.geniuskitchen.com/recipe/old-fashioned-hot-open-faced-roast-beef-sandwich-240607
  17. ↑ Kraig, B.; Sen, C.T. (2013). Street Food Around the World: An Encyclopedia of Food and Culture. ABC-CLIO. p. 391. ISBN 978-1-59884-955-4. Retrieved May 23, 2016.
  18. ↑ Santibanez, R.; Goode, JJ; Coleman, T. (2012). Tacos, Tortas, and Tamales: Flavors from the Griddles, Pots, and Streetside Kitchens of Mexico. Houghton Mifflin Harcourt. p. 73. ISBN 978-0-544-18831-0. Retrieved May 24, 2016.

Further reading

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