83rd United States Congress

83rd United States Congress
82nd 
 84th
(1956)
January 3, 1953 – January 3, 1955
Senate President Alben W. Barkley (D)
until January 20, 1953
Richard Nixon (R)
from January 20, 1953
Senate Pres. pro tem Styles Bridges (R)
House Speaker Joseph William Martin, Jr. (R)
Members 96 senators
435 representatives
3 non-voting delegates
Senate Majority Republican
House Majority Republican
Sessions
1st: January 3, 1953 – August 3, 1953
2nd: January 6, 1954 – December 2, 1954

The Eighty-third United States Congress was a meeting of the legislative branch of the United States federal government, composed of the United States Senate and the United States House of Representatives. It met in Washington, DC from January 3, 1953, to January 3, 1955, during the final weeks of the second administration of U.S. President Harry S. Truman and the first two years of the first administration of U.S. President Dwight D. Eisenhower.[1]

The apportionment of seats in this House of Representatives was based on the Seventeenth Census of the United States in 1950.

Both chambers had a Republican majority.

Major events

Major legislation

President Eisenhower signs the Atomic Energy Act of 1954.

Key Votes

Senate

LegislationPartyYeaNay
Formosa PolicyDemocrats1232
January 28, 1955Republicans142
Rejected1374
China Mutual Defense TreatyDemocrats933
February 9, 1955Republicans127
Rejected1060
Raising Congressional SalariesDemocrats3013
February 23, 1955Republicans3211
Passed6224

House of Representatives

LegislationPartyYeaNay
Raising Congressional SalariesDemocrats16659
February 16, 1955Republicans11759
Passed283118
Reciprocal Trade ExtensionDemocrats80140
February 18, 1955Republicans11966
Rejected199206
Reciprocal Trade ExtensionDemocrats18635
February 18, 1955Republicans10975
Passed295110
TaxationDemocrats16205
February 25, 1955Republicans1895
Rejected205210

Party summary

Senate

Party
(shading shows control)
Total Vacant
Democratic
(D)
Independent
(I)
Republican
(R)
End of the previous congress 47 0 48 95 1
Begin 47 1 48 96 0
End
Final voting share 49.0% 1.0% 50.0%
Beginning of the next congress 48 1 47 96 0

House of Representatives

221 Republicans, 213 Democrats, 1 Independent

Total Membership: 435 Representatives, 2 Delegates, 1 Resident Commissioner

Leadership

Senate

Majority (Republican) leadership

Minority (Democratic) leadership

House of Representatives

Majority (Republican) leadership

Minority (Democratic) leadership

Caucuses

Members

Senate

Senators are popularly elected statewide every two years, with one-third beginning new six-year terms with each Congress. Within each state, senators are listed in order of seniority. Preceding the names in the list below are Senate class numbers, which indicate the cycle of their election, In this Congress, Class 2 meant their term ended with this Congress, facing re-election in 1954; Class 3 meant their term began in the last Congress, facing re-election in 1956; and Class 1 meant their term began in this Congress, facing re-election in 1958.

House of Representatives

Changes in membership

The count below reflects changes from the beginning of this Congress.

Senate


State
(class)
Vacator Reason for change Successor Date of successor's
formal installation
North Carolina
(2)
Willis Smith (D) Died June 26, 1953.
Successor appointed July 10, 1953.
Alton Lennon (D) July 10, 1953
New Hampshire
(3)
Charles W. Tobey (R) Died July 24, 1953.
Successor appointed August 14, 1953.
Robert W. Upton (R) August 14, 1953
Ohio
(3)
Robert A. Taft (R) Died July 31, 1953.
Successor appointed November 10, 1953.
Thomas A. Burke (D) November 10, 1953
Nebraska
(2)
Dwight Griswold (R) Died April 12, 1954.
Successor appointed April 16, 1954.
Eva Bowring (R) April 16, 1954
North Carolina
(3)
Clyde R. Hoey (D) Died May 12, 1954.
Successor appointed May 12, 1954 and then elected November 2, 1954.
Sam Ervin (D) June 5, 1954
Wyoming
(2)
Lester C. Hunt (D) Died June 19, 1954.
Successor appointed June 24, 1954.
Edward D. Crippa (R) June 24, 1954
Nebraska
(1)
Hugh A. Butler (R) Died July 1, 1954.
Successor appointed July 3, 1954.
Samuel W. Reynolds (R) July 3, 1954
South Carolina
(2)
Burnet R. Maybank (D) Died September 1, 1954.
Successor appointed September 6, 1954.
Charles E. Daniel (D) September 6, 1954
Nevada
(3)
Pat McCarran (D) Died September 28, 1954.
Successor appointed October 1, 1954.
Ernest S. Brown (R) October 1, 1954
Nebraska
(1)
Samuel W. Reynolds (R) Did not run in the special election to fill seat.
Successor elected November 2, 1954.
Roman Hruska (R) November 8, 1954
Nebraska
(2)
Eva Bowring (R) Did not run in the special election to fill seat.
Successor elected November 2, 1954.
Hazel Abel (R) November 8, 1954
New Hampshire
(3)
Robert W. Upton (R) Lost special election to fill seat.
Successor elected November 2, 1954.
Norris Cotton (R) November 8, 1954
North Carolina
(2)
Alton Lennon (D) Lost special election to fill seat.
Successor elected November 2, 1954.
W. Kerr Scott (D) November 29, 1954
Wyoming
(2)
Edward D. Crippa (R) Did not run in the special election to fill seat.
Successor elected November 2, 1954.
Joseph C. O'Mahoney (D) November 29, 1954
Nevada
(3)
Ernest S. Brown (R) Lost special election to fill seat.
Successor elected November 2, 1954.
Alan Bible (D) December 2, 1954
Ohio
(3)
Thomas A. Burke (D) Lost special election to fill seat.
Successor elected November 2, 1954.
George H. Bender (R) December 16, 1954
South Carolina
(2)
Charles E. Daniel (D) Resigned December 23, 1954.
Successor appointed December 24, 1954.
Strom Thurmond (D) December 24, 1954
Nebraska
(2)
Hazel Abel (R) Resigned December 31, 1954.
Successor was appointed January 1, 1955.
Carl Curtis (R) January 1, 1955

House of Representatives


District Vacator Reason for change Successor Date of successor's
formal installation
Georgia 2nd Vacant Rep. Edward E. Cox died during previous congress J. L. Pilcher (D) February 4, 1953
Illinois 7th Vacant Rep. Adolph J. Sabath died during previous congress James Bowler (D) July 7, 1953
Virginia 5th Thomas B. Stanley (D) resigned February 3, 1953, to run for Governor of Virginia William M. Tuck (D) April 14, 1953
South Carolina 4th Joseph R. Bryson (D) Died March 10, 1953 Robert T. Ashmore (D) June 2, 1953
Kentucky 2nd Garrett L. Withers (D) Died April 30, 1953 William H. Natcher (D) August 1, 1953
Wisconsin 9th Merlin Hull (R) Died May 17, 1953 Lester Johnson (D) October 13, 1953
California 24th Norris Poulson (R) Resigned June 11, 1953, after being elected Mayor of Los Angeles Glenard P. Lipscomb (R) November 10, 1953
New Jersey 6th Clifford P. Case (R) Resigned August 16, 1953 Harrison A. Williams (D) November 3, 1953
Hawaii Territory At-large Joseph R. Farrington (R) Died June 19, 1954 Elizabeth P. Farrington (R) August 4, 1954
New York 8th Louis B. Heller (D) Resigned July 21, 1954, after being appointed judge of the Court of Special Sessions of New York City Vacant Not filled this term
Georgia 4th A. Sidney Camp (D) Died July 24, 1954 John J. Flynt, Jr. (D) November 2, 1954
Michigan 3rd Paul W. Shafer (R) Died August 17, 1954 Vacant Not filled this term
Ohio 15th Robert T. Secrest (D) Resigned September 26, 1954 Vacant Not filled this term
New Hampshire 2nd Norris Cotton (R) Resigned November 7, 1954, after being elected to the U.S. Senate Vacant Not filled this term
Nebraska 2nd Roman Hruska (R) Resigned November 8, 1954, after being elected to the U.S. Senate Vacant Not filled this term
Florida 6th Dwight L. Rogers (D) Died December 1, 1954 Vacant Not filled this term
Ohio 15th George H. Bender (R) Resigned December 15, 1954, after being elected to the U.S. Senate Vacant Not filled this term
Nebraska 1st Carl Curtis (R) Resigned December 31, 1954, after being elected to the U.S. Senate Vacant Not filled this term
New York 21st Jacob K. Javits (R) Resigned December 31, 1954, after being elected New York Attorney General Vacant Not filled this term

Committees

Lists of committees and their party leaders, for members (House and Senate) of the committees and their assignments, go into the Official Congressional Directory at the bottom of the article and click on the link (2 links), in the directory after the pages of terms of service, you will see the committees of the Senate, House (Standing with Subcommittees, Select and Special) and Joint and after the committee pages, you will see the House/Senate committee assignments in the directory, on the committees section of the House and Senate in the Official Congressional Directory, the committee's members on the first row on the left side shows the chairman of the committee and on the right side shows the ranking member of the committee.

Senate

House of Representatives

Joint committees

  • Atomic Energy
  • Conditions of Indian Tribes (Special)
  • Disposition of Executive Papers
  • Economic
  • Immigration and Nationality Policy
  • Legislative Budget
  • The Library
  • Navajo-Hopi Indian Administration
  • Printing
  • Railroad Retirement Legislation
  • Reduction of Nonessential Federal Expenditures
  • Taxation

Employees

Legislative branch agency directors

Senate

House of Representatives

See also

References

  1. "U.S. Senate: Membership Changes of 83rd Congress (1953-55)". www.senate.gov. Retrieved December 10, 2017.
  2. "Eisenhower Presidential Library". www.eisenhower.archives.gov. Retrieved December 10, 2017.
  3. "1954 Shooting | US House of Representatives: History, Art & Archives". history.house.gov. Retrieved December 10, 2017.
  4. Network, The Learning. "March 1, 1954 | Puerto Rican Nationalists Open Fire on House of Representatives". The Learning Network. Retrieved December 10, 2017.
  5. "U.S. Senate: The Censure Case of Joseph McCarthy of Wisconsin (1954)". www.senate.gov. Retrieved December 10, 2017.
  • House of Representatives Session Calendar for the 83rd Congress (PDF).
  • Official Congressional Directory for the 83rd Congress, 1st Session.
  • Official Congressional Directory for the 83rd Congress, 2nd Session.
  • Pocket Congressional Directory for the 83rd Congress.
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