United States Senate elections, 1952

United States Senate elections, 1952
	November 4, 1952[1]
	November 4, 1952[1]
36 of the 96 seats in the United States Senate; 49 seats needed for a majority
	Results including special elections; Democratic gains Republican gains; Democratic holds Republican holds
Majority Leader before election; Ernest McFarland; Democratic	Elected Majority Leader ; Robert Taft; Republican

The United States Senate elections of 1952 was an election for the United States Senate which coincided with the election of Dwight D. Eisenhower to the presidency by a large margin. The Republicans took control of the senate by managing to make a net gain of two seats, which was reduced to one when Wayne Morse (R-OR) became an independent. The Republicans still held a majority after Morse's switch. This election was the second time in history (after 1932) that the party in power lost their majority and the Senate Majority Leader lost his own re-election bid. (In addition, this was the second consecutive election in which a sitting Senate leader lost his seat.)

This was the last time the senate changed hands in a presidential election year until 1980.

Retirements

Democrat who was replaced by a Republican

Maryland: Herbert O'Conor was replaced by James Glenn Beall.

Democratic hold

Texas: Tom Connally was replaced by Price Daniel.

Republican holds

Both Republican holds were in special elections.

Connecticut: Appointee William A. Purtell retired to run for the Class 1 seat and was replaced by Prescott Bush.
Nebraska: Appointee Fred Andrew Seaton retired and was replaced by Dwight Griswold.

Incumbent losses

Renomination

Democratic hold

Tennessee: Kenneth D. McKellar lost to Albert Gore, Sr., who later won the general election.

Republican hold

Maine: Ralph O. Brewster lost to Frederick G. Payne, who later won the general election.

Re-election

Democrats who lost to Republicans

Arizona: Ernest W. McFarland, the Majority Leader, lost to Barry Goldwater.
Connecticut: William Benton lost to William A. Purtell.
Kentucky: Appointee Thomas R. Underwood lost to John S. Cooper in a special election.
Michigan: Blair Moody lost to Charles E. Potter in a special election.
Wyoming: Joseph C. O'Mahoney lost to Frank A. Barrett.

Republicans who lost to Democrats

Massachusetts: Henry Cabot Lodge, Jr. lost to John F. Kennedy.
Missouri: James P. Kem lost to Stuart Symington.
Montana: Zales N. Ecton lost to Mike Mansfield.
Washington: Harry P. Cain lost to Henry M. Jackson.

Change in Senate composition

Before the elections

Going into the November elections.

D₃₉ Ran	D₄₀ Ran	D₄₁ Ran	D₄₂ Ran	D₄₃ Ran	D₄₄ Ran	D₄₅ Ran	D₄₆ Ran	D₄₇ Ran	D₄₈ Retired
		D₁	D₂	D₃	D₄	D₅	D₆	D₇	D₈
D₁₈	D₁₇	D₁₆	D₁₅	D₁₄	D₁₃	D₁₂	D₁₁	D₁₀	D₉
D₁₉	D₂₀	D₂₁	D₂₂	D₂₃	D₂₄	D₂₅	D₂₆	D₂₇	D₂₈
D₃₈ Ran	D₃₇ Ran	D₃₆	D₃₅	D₃₄	D₃₃	D₃₂	D₃₁	D₃₀	D₂₉
Majority →									D₄₉ Retired
R₃₉ Ran	R₄₀ Ran	R₄₁ Ran	R₄₂ Ran	R₄₃ Ran	R₄₄ Ran	R₄₅ Ran	R₄₆ Ran	R₄₇ Ran	D₄₉ Retired
R₃₈ Ran	R₃₇ Ran	R₃₆ Ran	R₃₅ Ran	R₃₄ Ran	R₃₃ Ran	R₃₂ Ran	R₃₁ Ran	R₃₀ Ran	R₂₉ Ran
R₁₉	R₂₀	R₂₁	R₂₂	R₂₃	R₂₄	R₂₅	R₂₆	R₂₇	R₂₈
R₁₈	R₁₇	R₁₆	R₁₅	R₁₄	R₁₃	R₁₂	R₁₁	R₁₀	R₉
		R₁	R₂	R₃	R₄	R₅	R₆	R₇	R₈

Results of the general elections

D₃₉ Re-elected	D₄₀ Re-elected	D₄₁ Re-elected	D₄₂ Re-elected	D₄₇ Hold	D₄₈ Hold	D₄₅ Gain	D₄₆ Gain	D₄₇ Gain	D₄₈ Gain
		D₁	D₂	D₃	D₄	D₅	D₆	D₇	D₈
D₁₈	D₁₇	D₁₆	D₁₅	D₁₄	D₁₃	D₁₂	D₁₁	D₁₀	D₉
D₁₉	D₂₀	D₂₁	D₂₂	D₂₃	D₂₄	D₂₅	D₂₆	D₂₇	D₂₈
D₃₈ Re-elected	D₃₈ Re-elected	D₃₆	D₃₅	D₃₄	D₃₃	D₃₂	D₃₁	D₃₀	D₂₉
Majority, with VP's vote ↑
R₃₉ Re-elected	R₄₀ Re-elected	R₄₁ Re-elected	R₄₂ Re-elected	R₄₃ Hold	R₄₄ Gain	R₄₅ Gain	R₄₆ Gain	R₄₇ Gain	R₄₈ Gain
R₃₈ Re-elected	R₃₇ Re-elected	R₃₆ Re-elected	R₃₅ Re-elected	R₃₄ Re-elected	R₃₃ Re-elected	R₃₂ Re-elected	R₃₁ Re-elected	R₃₀ Re-elected	R₂₉ Re-elected
R₁₉	R₂₀	R₂₁	R₂₂	R₂₃	R₂₄	R₂₅	R₂₆	R₂₇	R₂₈ Re-elected
R₁₈	R₁₇	R₁₆	R₁₅	R₁₄	R₁₃	R₁₂	R₁₁	R₁₀	R₉
		R₁	R₂	R₃	R₄	R₅	R₆	R₇	R₈

Results of the special elections

		D₁	D₂	D₃	D₄	D₅	D₆	D₇	D₈
D₁₈	D₁₇	D₁₆	D₁₅	D₁₄	D₁₃	D₁₂	D₁₁	D₁₀	D₉
D₁₉	D₂₀	D₂₁	D₂₂	D₂₃	D₂₄	D₂₅	D₂₆	D₂₇	D₂₈
D₃₈	D₃₇	D₃₆	D₃₅	D₃₄	D₃₃	D₃₂	D₃₁	D₃₀	D₂₉
D₃₉	D₄₀	D₄₁	D₄₂	D₄₃	D₄₄	D₄₅	D₄₆	D₄₇	R₄₉ Gain
Majority →									R₄₉ Gain
R₃₉	R₄₀	R₄₁	R₄₂	R₄₃	R₄₄	R₄₅	R₄₆ Hold	R₄₇ Hold	R₄₈ Gain, same as general
R₃₈	R₃₇	R₃₆	R₃₅	R₃₄	R₃₃	R₃₂	R₃₁	R₃₀	R₂₉
R₁₉	R₂₀	R₂₁	R₂₂	R₂₃	R₂₄	R₂₅	R₂₆	R₂₇	R₂₈
R₁₈	R₁₇	R₁₆	R₁₅	R₁₄	R₁₃	R₁₂	R₁₁	R₁₀	R₉
		R₁	R₂	R₃	R₄	R₅	R₆	R₇	R₈

Beginning of the next Congress

		D₁	D₂	D₃	D₄	D₅	D₆	D₇	D₈
D₁₈	D₁₇	D₁₆	D₁₅	D₁₄	D₁₃	D₁₂	D₁₁	D₁₀	D₉
D₁₉	D₂₀	D₂₁	D₂₂	D₂₃	D₂₄	D₂₅	D₂₆	D₂₇	D₂₈
D₃₈	D₃₇	D₃₆	D₃₅	D₃₄	D₃₃	D₃₂	D₃₁	D₃₀	D₂₉
D₃₉	D₄₀	D₄₁	D₄₂	D₄₃	D₄₄	D₄₅	D₄₆	D₄₇	I₁ Changed
Majority using VP's vote ↓
R₃₉	R₄₀	R₄₁	R₄₂	R₄₃	R₄₄	R₄₅	R₄₆	R₄₇	R₄₈
R₃₈	R₃₇	R₃₆	R₃₅	R₃₄	R₃₃	R₃₂	R₃₁	R₃₀	R₂₉
R₁₉	R₂₀	R₂₁	R₂₂	R₂₃	R₂₄	R₂₅	R₂₆	R₂₇	R₂₈
R₁₈	R₁₇	R₁₆	R₁₅	R₁₄	R₁₃	R₁₂	R₁₁	R₁₀	R₉
		R₁	R₂	R₃	R₄	R₅	R₆	R₇	R₈

Key:

D_#	Democratic
I_#	Independent
R_#	Republican

Race summaries

Special elections during the 82nd Congress

In these special elections, the winners were seated during 1952 or before January 3, 1953; ordered by election date, then state.

State	Incumbent			Results	Candidates
State	Senator	Party	Electoral history	Results	Candidates
Connecticut (Class 3)	William A. Purtell	Republican	1952 (Appointed)	Interim appointee retired to run for the Class 1 seat. New senator elected November 4, 1952. Republican hold.	√ Prescott Bush (Republican) 51.2% Abraham A. Ribicoff (Democratic) 48.5%
Kentucky (Class 2)	Thomas R. Underwood	Democratic	1951 (Appointed)	Interim appointee lost election. New senator elected November 4, 1952. Republican gain.	√ John S. Cooper (Republican) 51.5% Thomas R. Underwood (Democratic) 48.5%
Michigan (Class 1)	Blair Moody	Democratic	1951 (Appointed)	Interim appointee lost election. New senator elected November 4, 1952. Republican gain. Winner was also elected to the next term, see below.	√ Charles E. Potter (Republican) 51.2% Blair Moody (Democratic) 48.7%^[3]
Nebraska (Class 2)	Fred Andrew Seaton	Republican	1951 (Appointed)	Interim appointee retired. New senator elected November 4, 1952. Republican hold.	√ Dwight Griswold (Republican) 63.6% William Ritchie (Democratic) 36.4%

Races leading to the 83rd Congress

In these general elections, the winner was seated on January 3, 1953; ordered by state.

All of the elections involved the Class 1 seats.

State	Incumbent			Results	Candidates
State	Senator	Party	Electoral history	Results	Candidates
Arizona	Ernest McFarland	Democratic	1940 1946	Incumbent lost re-election. New senator elected. Republican gain.	√ Barry Goldwater (Republican) 51.3% Ernest McFarland (Democratic) 48.7%
California	William F. Knowland	Republican	1945 (Appointed) 1946 (Special) 1946	Incumbent re-elected.	√ William F. Knowland (Republican) 87.7% Reuben W. Borough (Independent Progressive) 11.9%
Connecticut	William Benton	Democratic	1949 (Appointed) 1950 (Special)	Incumbent lost re-election. New senator elected. Republican gain.	√ William A. Purtell (Republican) 52.5% William Benton (Democratic) 44.4%
Delaware	John J. Williams	Republican	1946	Incumbent re-elected.	√ John J. Williams (Republican) 54.5% Alexis I. du Pont Bayard (Democratic) 45.5%
Florida	Spessard Holland	Democratic	1946 (Appointed) 1946	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Spessard Holland (Democratic) 99.8%
Indiana	William E. Jenner	Republican	1944 (Special) 1944 (Retired) 1946	Incumbent re-elected.	√ William E. Jenner (Republican) 52.4% Henry F. Schricker (Democratic) 46.8%
Maine	Owen Brewster	Republican	1940 1946	Incumbent lost renomination. New senator elected. Republican hold. Incumbent resigned December 31, 1952.	√ Frederick G. Payne (Republican) 58.7% Roger P. Dube (Democratic) 34.9% Earl S. Grant (Independent) 6.4%
Maryland	Herbert O'Conor	Democratic	1946	Incumbent retired. New senator elected. Republican gain.	√ James Glenn Beall (Republican) 52.5% George P. Mahoney (Democratic) 47.5%
Massachusetts	Henry Cabot Lodge, Jr.	Republican	1936 1942 1944 (Resigned) 1946	Incumbent lost re-election. New senator elected. Democratic gain.	√ John F. Kennedy (Democratic) 51.4% Henry Cabot Lodge, Jr. (Republican) 48.4%^[4]
Michigan	Blair Moody	Democratic	1951 (Appointed)	Interim appointee lost election. New senator elected. Republican gain Winner was also elected to finish the term, see above.	√ Charles E. Potter (Republican) 50.6% Blair Moody (Democratic) 49.0%^[3]
Minnesota	Edward John Thye	Republican	1946	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Edward John Thye (Republican) 56.6% William E. Carlson (Democratic) 42.5%
Mississippi	John C. Stennis	Democratic	1947 (Special)	Incumbent re-elected.	√ John C. Stennis (Democratic) Unopposed
Missouri	James P. Kem	Republican	1946	Incumbent lost re-election. New senator elected. Democratic gain.	√ Stuart Symington (Democratic) 54.0% James P. Kem (Republican) 45.9%
Montana	Zales N. Ecton	Republican	1946	Incumbent lost re-election. New senator elected. Democratic gain.	√ Mike Mansfield (Democratic) 50.8% Zales N. Ecton (Republican) 48.6%
Nebraska	Hugh Butler	Republican	1940 1946	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Hugh Butler (Republican) 69.1% Stanley D. Long (Democratic) 27.8%
Nevada	George W. Malone	Republican	1946	Incumbent re-elected.	√ George W. Malone (Republican) 51.7% Thomas B. Mechling (Democratic) 48.3%
New Jersey	H. Alexander Smith	Republican	1944 (Special) 1946	Incumbent re-elected.	√ H. Alexander Smith (Republican) 55.5% Archibald S. Alexander (Democratic) 43.6%
New Mexico	Dennis Chavez	Democratic	1935 (Appointed) 1936 (Special) 1940 1946	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Dennis Chavez (Democratic) 51.1% Patrick J. Hurley (Republican) 48.9%
New York	Irving M. Ives	Republican	1946	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Irving M. Ives (Republican) 55.2% John Cashmore (Democratic) 36.1% George Counts (Liberal) 7.0%
North Dakota	William Langer	Republican	1940 1946	Incumbent re-elected.	√ William Langer (Republican) 66.4% Harold A. Morrison (Democratic) 23.3% Fred G. Aandahl (Independent) 10.4%
Ohio	John W. Bricker	Republican	1946	Incumbent re-elected.	√ John W. Bricker(Republican) 54.6% Michael V. DiSalle (Democratic) 45.4%
Pennsylvania	Edward Martin	Republican	1946	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Edward Martin (Republican) 51.6% Guy K. Bard (Democratic) 48.0%
Rhode Island	John O. Pastore	Democratic	1950 (Special)	Incumbent re-elected.	√ John O. Pastore (Democratic) 54.8% Bayard Ewing (Republican) 45.2%
Tennessee	Kenneth D. McKellar	Democratic	1916 1922 1928 1934 1940 1946	Incumbent lost renomination. New senator re-elected. Democratic hold.	√ Albert Gore, Sr. (Democratic) 74.2% Hobart F. Atkins (Republican) 20.9%
Texas	Tom Connally	Democratic	1928 1934 1940 1946	Incumbent retired. New senator elected. Democratic hold.	√ Price Daniel (Democratic) Unopposed
Utah	Arthur V. Watkins	Republican	1946	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Arthur V. Watkins (Republican) 54.3% Walter K. Granger (Democratic) 45.7%
Vermont	Ralph E. Flanders	Republican	1946 (Appointed) 1946 (Special) 1952	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Ralph E. Flanders (Republican) 72.3% Allan R. Johnston (Democratic) 27.7%
Virginia	Harry F. Byrd	Democratic	1933 (Appointed) 1933 (Special) 1934 1940 1946	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Harry F. Byrd (Democratic) 73.4% H. M. Vise, Sr. (Independent) 12.7% Clarke T. Robb (Independent) 12.4%
Washington	Harry P. Cain	Republican	1946 1946 (Appointed)	Incumbent lost re-election. New senator elected. Democratic gain.	√ Henry M. Jackson (Democratic) 56.2% Harry P. Cain (Republican) 43.5%
West Virginia	Harley M. Kilgore	Democratic	1940 1946	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Harley M. Kilgore (Democratic) 53.6% Chapman Revercomb (Republican) 46.4%
Wisconsin	Joseph R. McCarthy	Republican	1946	Incumbent re-elected.	√ Joseph R. McCarthy (Republican) 54.2% Thomas E. Fairchild (Democratic) 45.6%
Wyoming	Joseph C. O'Mahoney	Democratic	1933 (Appointed) 1934 1940 1946	Incumbent lost re-election. New senator elected. Republican gain.	√ Frank A. Barrett (Republican) 51.6% Joseph C. O'Mahoney (Democratic) 48.4%

Special elections during the 83rd Congress

There were no elections in 1953 to the 83rd Congress.

Complete list of races

Arizona

California

Connecticut

Connecticut (Special)

Delaware

Florida

Indiana

Kentucky (Special)

Maine

Maryland

Massachusetts

General election^[4]
Party		Candidate	Votes	%
	Democratic	John F. Kennedy	1,211,984	51.34
	Republican	Henry Cabot Lodge, Jr. (Incumbent)	1,141,247	48.35
	Socialist Labor	Thelma Ingersoll	4,683	0.20
	Prohibition	Mark R. Shaw	2,508	0.11
Majority			70,737	3.0
Turnout			2,360,422
	Democratic gain from Republican

Michigan

Michigan (Special)

Minnesota

Mississippi

Missouri

Montana

New York

In New York, the Liberal State Committee met on August 28, and nominated Dr. George S. Counts, Professor of Education at Teachers College, Columbia University, for the U.S. Senate.^[5] The Republican State Committee re-nominated the incumbent U.S. Senator Irving M. Ives. The Democratic State Committee met on August 28, and nominated Brooklyn Borough President John Cashmore for the U.S. Senate.^[6]

The Republican incumbent Ives was re-elected with the then largest plurality^[7] in state history.

Republican	Irving M. Ives	3,853,934
Democratic	John Cashmore	2,521,736
Liberal	George S. Counts	489,775
American Labor	Corliss Lamont	104,702
Socialist Workers	Michael Bartell^[8]	4,263
Socialist	Joseph G. Glass^[9]	3,382
Industrial Government	Nathan Karp^[10]	2,451

North Dakota

Ohio

Pennsylvania

Rhode Island

Tennessee

Texas

Rhode Island

Vermont

Virginia

Washington

Wisconsin

Wyoming

Notes

↑ The Maine election was held September 8, 1952 and therewere also special elections in November 1952.
↑ At the time of these elections Styles Bridges was the Republican leader. When the new congress was sworn in however Bridges became President pro tempore of the United States Senate and Robert Taft of Ohio became majority leader.
1 2 "Our Campaigns - Container Detail Page". www.ourcampaigns.com. Retrieved 21 December 2017.
1 2 http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=83027 OurCampaigns.com
↑ "DR. COUNTS TO STAY AS LIBERAL CHOICE". The New York Times. September 6, 1952. (Subscription required (help)).
↑ "LIBERALS ADAMANT AGAINST CASHMORE". The New York Times. September 3, 1952. (Subscription required (help)).
↑ In the New York election, "largest plurality" in this case means: difference between first and second placed candidate, considering the absolute number of votes
↑ Michael Bartell, ran also for governor in 1950
↑ Joseph G. Glass, ran also for attorney general in 1942
↑ Nathan Karp (b. ca. 1915), clothing cutter, of Queens, ran also for lieutenant governor in 1950; for Mayor of New York in 1953; and for governor in 1954

References

"FINAL STATE COUNT GIVES RECORD VOTE; Eisenhower Carried New York by 848,214 Margin as Total of 7,216,054 Cast Ballots". The New York Times. December 9, 1952. (Subscription required (help)).

This article is issued from Wikipedia. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.

[dates-1] The Maine election was held September 8, 1952 and therewere also special elections in November 1952.

[2] At the time of these elections Styles Bridges was the Republican leader. When the new congress was sworn in however Bridges became President pro tempore of the United States Senate and Robert Taft of Ohio became majority leader.

[Michigan-3] 1 2 "Our Campaigns - Container Detail Page". www.ourcampaigns.com. Retrieved 21 December 2017.

[Massachusetts-4] 1 2 http://www.ourcampaigns.com/RaceDetail.html?RaceID=83027 OurCampaigns.com

[5] "DR. COUNTS TO STAY AS LIBERAL CHOICE". The New York Times. September 6, 1952. (Subscription required (help)).

[6] "LIBERALS ADAMANT AGAINST CASHMORE". The New York Times. September 3, 1952. (Subscription required (help)).

[7] In the New York election, "largest plurality" in this case means: difference between first and second placed candidate, considering the absolute number of votes

[8] Michael Bartell, ran also for governor in 1950

[9] Joseph G. Glass, ran also for attorney general in 1942

[10] Nathan Karp (b. ca. 1915), clothing cutter, of Queens, ran also for lieutenant governor in 1950; for Mayor of New York in 1953; and for governor in 1954

United States Senate elections
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Special elections Election disputes Results by state List of elections in the United States House elections Presidential elections Gubernatorial elections

United States Senate elections, 1952

Retirements

Democrat who was replaced by a Republican

Democratic hold

Republican holds

Incumbent losses

Renomination

Democratic hold

Republican hold

Re-election

Democrats who lost to Republicans

Republicans who lost to Democrats

Change in Senate composition

Before the elections

Results of the general elections

Results of the special elections

Beginning of the next Congress

Race summaries

Special elections during the 82nd Congress

Races leading to the 83rd Congress

Special elections during the 83rd Congress

Complete list of races

Arizona

California

Connecticut

Connecticut (Special)

Delaware

Florida

Indiana

Kentucky (Special)

Maine

Maryland

Massachusetts

Michigan

Michigan (Special)

Minnesota

Mississippi

Missouri

Montana

New York

North Dakota

Ohio

Pennsylvania

Rhode Island

Tennessee

Texas

Rhode Island

Vermont

Virginia

Washington

Wisconsin

Wyoming

See also

Notes

References