針

See also: 针
針 U+91DD, 針
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-91DD
← 釜
[U+91DC] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 釞 →
[U+91DE]

Translingual

Han character

針 (radical 167, 金+2, 10 strokes, cangjie input 金十 (CJ), four-corner 84100, composition ⿰釒十)

References
  • KangXi: page 1296, character 9
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 40165
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1799, character 12
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 6, page 4168, character 5
  • Unihan data for U+91DD

Chinese
trad. 針/鍼
simp. 针

Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (十) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
針 *kjum, *kjums
汁 *kjub
卙 *kʰljub
十 *ɡjub
什 *ɡjub

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *kjum, *kjums) : semantic 釒 (“metal”) + phonetic 十 (OC *ɡjub).

Etymology

Pronunciation
Note:
  • chiam/cham - vernacular;
  • chim/cherm - literary.
Rime
Character 針 針
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Initial (聲) 章 (23) 章 (23)
Final (韻) 侵 (139) 侵 (139)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Departing (H)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division (等) III III
Fanqie 職深切 之任切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /t͡ɕiɪm/ /t͡ɕiɪmH/
Pan
Wuyun		 /t͡ɕim/ /t͡ɕimH/
Shao
Rongfen		 /t͡ɕjem/ /t͡ɕjemH/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /cim/ /cimH/
Li
Rong		 /t͡ɕiəm/ /t͡ɕiəmH/
Wang
Li		 /t͡ɕĭĕm/ /t͡ɕĭĕmH/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /t͡ɕi̯əm/ /t͡ɕi̯əmH/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 zhēn zhèn
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 針
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 zhēn
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ tsyim ›
Old
Chinese		 /*t.[k]əm/
English needle

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 針 針
Reading # 1/2 2/2
No. 11448 11449
Phonetic
component		 十 十
Rime
group		 侵 侵
Rime
subdivision		 3 3
Corresponding
MC rime		 斟 枕
Old
Chinese		 /*kjum/ /*kjums/
Notes 見淮南子，說文作鍼

Definitions

針

  1. needle
  2. needle-like object; pin; brooch; hand (of a clock or watch); tack
  3. injection
  4. stitch
  5. acupuncture
  6. to poke
  7. (Cantonese) spy; informer, probe (Classifier: 條／条)
  8. Classifier for the number of injections.
  9. Classifier for the number of stitches.

Compounds
Derived terms from 針

Japanese

Kanji
針

(grade 6 “Kyōiku” kanji)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

Etymology
Kanji in this term
針
はり
Grade: 6
kun’yomi

Pronunciation

Noun

針 (hiragana はり, rōmaji hari)

  1. pin, needle
  2. hand (of a clock or watch)
    時 (と)計 (けい)の針 (はり)は３ (さん)時 (じ)を指 (さ)しています。
    Tokei no hari wa san-ji o sashiteimasu.
    The clock's hand is pointing to 3 o'clock.
  3. thorn
  4. staple (of a stapler)
    • 2009, 稲葉エミ (lyrics), “わたしの恋はホッチキス”, in 放課後ティータイム, performed by 放課後ティータイム:
      はじまりだけは　軽 (かる)いノリで　しらないうちに　あつくなって　もう針 (はり)がなんだか通 (とお)らない
      hajimari dake wa karui nori de shiranai uchi ni atsukunatte mō hari ga nandaka tōranai
      At first I started lightly, but before I knew it, it got so thick the staples won't go through anymore
  5. (fishing) hook
Derived terms
Hyponyms
Hands of a clock

References
  1. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

針 • (chim) (hangeul 침, revised chim, McCune–Reischauer ch'im, Yale chim)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Okinawan

Kanji

針

Etymology

Cognate with Japanese 針 (hari).

Alternative forms

Noun

針 (hiragana はーい, romaji hāi)

  1. needle

Vietnamese

Han character

針 (châm, chăm, chảm, găm, kim, trâm)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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