謹

See also: 谨
謹 U+8B39, 謹
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-8B39
← 謸
[U+8B38] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 謺 →
[U+8B3A]
謹 U+FA63, 謹
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-FA63
← 謁
[U+FA62] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs 賓 →
[U+FA64]
謹 U+FABF, 謹
CJK COMPATIBILITY IDEOGRAPH-FABF
← 諭
[U+FABE] 		CJK Compatibility Ideographs 變 →
[U+FAC0]

Translingual
Japanese 謹
Simplified 谨
Traditional 謹

Alternative forms

Note that in Japanese shinjitai, the top right component of 堇 is written 艹 instead of 廿. Due to Han unification, both characters (謹/謹) are encoded under the same Unicode codepoint. A CJK compatibility ideograph (U+FA63) exists for the kyūjitai form of 謹.

Han character

謹 (radical 149, 言+11 in Chinese, 言+10 in Japanese, 18 strokes in Chinese, 17 strokes in Japanese, cangjie input 卜口廿中一 (YRTLM), four-corner 04614, composition ⿰言堇(GHTKV) or ⿰言𦰌(J))

Descendants

References
  • KangXi: page 1178, character 23
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 35850
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1642, character 28
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 6, page 4010, character 13
  • Unihan data for U+8B39

Chinese
trad. 謹
simp. 谨

Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (堇) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
囏 *krɯːn
螼 *kʰrɯnʔ, *kʰrɯns
堇 *ɡrɯn, *kɯnʔ
墐 *ɡrɯn, *ɡrɯns
𥎊 *ɡrɯn
僅 *ɡrɯns
瑾 *ɡrɯns
覲 *ɡrɯns
殣 *ɡrɯns
饉 *ɡrɯns
廑 *ɡrɯns
瘽 *ɡrɯns, *ɡɯn, *ɡɯnʔ
歏 *ɡrɯns
鄞 *ŋɡrɯn, *ŋɡɯn
謹 *kɯnʔ
槿 *kɯnʔ
漌 *kɯnʔ
慬 *kɯnʔ, *ɡɯn
勤 *ɡɯn
懃 *ɡɯn
懄 *ɡɯn

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *kɯnʔ) : semantic 言 (“speech”) + phonetic 堇 (OC *ɡrɯn, *kɯnʔ) – to speak caution.

Pronunciation
Rime
Character 謹
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 見 (28)
Final (韻) 欣 (57)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 居隱切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /kɨnX/
Pan
Wuyun		 /kɨnX/
Shao
Rongfen		 /kiənX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /kɨnX/
Li
Rong		 /kiənX/
Wang
Li		 /kĭənX/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ki̯ənX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 jǐn
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 謹
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 jǐn
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ kj+nX ›
Old
Chinese		 /*kə[r]ʔ/
English attentive, careful

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 謹
Reading # 1/1
No. 6744
Phonetic
component		 堇
Rime
group		 文
Rime
subdivision		 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 謹
Old
Chinese		 /*kɯnʔ/

Definitions

謹

  1. prudent; cautious; careful; reverent

Compounds
  • 修謹以俟／修谨以俟
  • 勤謹／勤谨
  • 卑謹／卑谨
  • 嚴謹／严谨 (yánjǐn)
  • 奉命唯謹／奉命唯谨
  • 小廉曲謹／小廉曲谨
  • 小心謹慎／小心谨慎
  • 恭謹／恭谨
  • 恭謹謙和／恭谨谦和
  • 慎小謹微／慎小谨微
  • 拘謹／拘谨 (jūjǐn)
  • 敬謹／敬谨
  • 曲謹／曲谨
  • 謹祕／谨祕
  • 謹稟／谨禀
  • 謹細／谨细
  • 謹終追遠／谨终追远
  • 謹肅／谨肃
  • 謹言／谨言
  • 謹言慎行／谨言慎行 (jǐnyánshènxíng)
  • 謹記／谨记
  • 謹謹慎慎／谨谨慎慎
  • 謹防／谨防 (jǐnfáng)
  • 謹領／谨领
  • 謹飭／谨饬

Japanese

Kanji
謹

(common “Jōyō” kanji, shinjitai kanji, kyūjitai form 謹)

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Readings

Compounds

Korean

Hanja

謹 • (geun) (hangeul 근, revised geun, McCune–Reischauer kŭn, Yale kun)

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Vietnamese

Han character

謹: Hán Việt readings: cẩn
謹: Nôm readings: ngẩn, kín, ghín, cẩn

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References
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