欣

See also: 忻

欣	U+6B23, 欣 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6B23

← 欢
[U+6B22]

CJK Unified Ideographs

欤 →
[U+6B24]

Translingual

Han character

欣 (radical 76, 欠+4, 8 strokes, cangjie input 竹中弓人 (HLNO), four-corner 7728₂, composition ⿰斤欠)

Derived characters

俽掀惞焮鍁 (锨)

References

KangXi: page 566, character 4

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 16008

Dae Jaweon: page 954, character 16

Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 3, page 2135, character 12

Unihan data for U+6B23

Chinese

simp. and trad.		欣

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (斤) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
蘄	ɡɯ, kɯl, *ɡɯn
祈	*ɡɯl
頎	*ɡɯl
旂	*ɡɯl
圻	ɡɯl, ŋɡɯːn, *ŋɡɯn
蚚	ɡɯl, ɡɯːls
岓	*ɡɯl
玂	*ɡɯl
沂	*ŋɡɯl
掀	*qʰan
釿	ŋɡrɯnʔ, ŋkɯn
齗	ŋɡrɯnʔ, ŋɡɯn
听	ŋɡrɯnʔ, ŋɡɯnʔ
垽	ŋrɯns, qɯns
斤	kɯn, kɯns
菦	*kɯnʔ
靳	*kɯns
劤	*kɯns
勁	kɯns, keŋs
赾	*kʰɯnʔ
芹	*ɡɯn
近	ɡɯnʔ, ɡɯns
斦	*ŋɡɯn
欣	*qʰɯn
忻	*qʰɯn
昕	*qʰɯn
訢	*qʰɯn
炘	qʰɯn, qʰɯns
邤	*qʰɯn
庍	qʰɯns, mpreːɡs
焮	*qʰɯns

Etymology 1

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): xīn (xin¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄒㄧㄣ
Cantonese (Jyutping): jan¹
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): hîm / hiûn
Min Bei (KCR): hēng
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): hin / him / herm

(Teochew, Peng'im): heng¹ / hng¹

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: xīn
  - Zhuyin: ㄒㄧㄣ
  - Wade–Giles: hsin¹
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: shin
  - IPA ^(key): /ɕin⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: jan¹
  - Yale: yān
  - Cantonese Pinyin: jan¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: yen¹
  - IPA ^(key): /jɐn⁵⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: hîm / hiûn
  - Hakka Romanization System: him´ / hiun´
  - Hagfa Pinyim: him¹ / hiun¹
  - IPA: /him²⁴/, /hi̯un²⁴/
Min Bei
- (Jian'ou)
  - Kienning Colloquial Romanized: hēng
  - IPA ^(key): /xeiŋ⁵⁵/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: hin
  - Tâi-lô: hin
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hyn
  - IPA (Xiamen): /hin⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: him
  - Tâi-lô: him
  - Phofsit Daibuun: hym
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /him⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /him³³/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: herm
  - Tâi-lô: herm
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /həm³³/

Note:

hin - literary;
him/herm - vernacular.

- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: heng¹ / hng¹
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: hṳng / hng
  - IPA ^(key): /hɯŋ³³/, /hŋ³³/

Note:

heng1 - Shantou;
hng1 - Chaozhou.

Dialectal data▼

Variety	Location	edit 欣
Mandarin	Beijing	/ɕin⁵⁵/
	Harbin	/ɕin⁴⁴/
	Tianjin	/ɕin²¹/
	Jinan	/ɕiẽ²¹³/
	Qingdao	/siə̃²¹³/
	Zhengzhou	/ɕin²⁴/
	Xi'an	/ɕiẽ²¹/
	Xining	/ɕiə̃⁴⁴/
	Yinchuan	/ɕiŋ⁴⁴/
	Lanzhou	/ɕĩn³¹/
	Ürümqi	/ɕiŋ⁴⁴/
	Wuhan	/ɕin⁵⁵/
	Chengdu	/ɕin⁵⁵/
	Guiyang	/ɕin⁵⁵/
	Kunming	/ɕĩ/
	Nanjing	/ɕin³¹/
	Hefei	/ɕin²¹/
Jin	Taiyuan	/ɕiəŋ¹¹/
	Pingyao	/ɕiŋ¹³/
	Hohhot	/ɕĩŋ³¹/
Wu	Shanghai	/ɕiŋ⁵³/
	Suzhou	/ɕin⁵⁵/
	Hangzhou	/ɕin³³/
	Wenzhou	/ɕaŋ³³/
Hui	Shexian	/ɕiʌ̃³¹/
Hui	Tunxi
Xiang	Changsha	/ɕin³³/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/ɕin³³/
Gan	Nanchang	/ɕin⁴²/
Hakka	Meixian	/hiun⁴⁴/
Hakka	Taoyuan	/huŋ²⁴/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/jɐn⁵³/
	Nanning	/jɐn⁵⁵/
	Hong Kong	/jɐn⁵⁵/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/him⁵⁵/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/hyŋ⁴⁴/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/xeiŋ⁴⁴/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/hɯŋ³³/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/hin²³/ /huaŋ²³/ 訓歡

Middle Chinese: /hɨn/▼

Rime
Character	欣
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	曉 (32)
Final (韻)	欣 (57)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	許斤切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/hɨn/
Pan Wuyun	/hɨn/
Shao Rongfen	/xiən/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/hɨn/
Li Rong	/xiən/
Wang Li	/xĭən/
Bernard Karlgren	/xi̯ən/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	xīn

Old Chinese▼
(Baxter–Sagart): /*qʰər/

(Zhengzhang): /*qʰɯn/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	欣
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	xīn
Middle Chinese	‹ xjɨn ›
Old Chinese	/*qʰər/
English	rejoice
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	欣
Reading #	1/1
No.	6665
Phonetic component	斤
Rime group	文
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	欣
Old Chinese	/*qʰɯn/

Definitions

欣

happy, joyous, delighted

Compounds

欣企
欣喜 (xīnxǐ)
欣喜若狂
欣喜雀躍／欣喜雀跃 (xīnxǐ quèyuè)
欣忭 (xīnbiàn)
欣悅／欣悦 (xīnyuè)
欣慰 (xīnwèi)
欣戚
欣戴
欣抃

欣欣 (xīnxīn)
欣欣向榮／欣欣向荣 (xīnxīnxiàngróng)
欣欣得意
欣欣自得
欣然 (xīnrán)
欣然命筆／欣然命笔
欣然自喜
欣然自得
欣然自樂／欣然自乐
欣生惡死／欣生恶死

欣羨／欣羡 (xīnxiàn)
欣賞／欣赏 (xīnshǎng)
欣賞力／欣赏力
欣躍／欣跃
歡欣／欢欣 (huānxīn)
歡欣若狂／欢欣若狂
歡欣踴躍／欢欣踊跃
歡欣鼓舞／欢欣鼓舞
鼓舞歡欣／鼓舞欢欣

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 欣 – see 鑫 (“abundance in wealth”). (This character, 欣, is the second-round simplified form of 鑫.)
Notes: Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China and Singapore. Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

Japanese

Kanji

欣

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Readings

Go-on: こん (kon)

Kan-on: きん (kin)

Kan’yō-on: ごん (gon)

Kun: よろこぶ (yorokobu, 欣ぶ); よろこび (yorokobi, 欣び); よし (yoshi); やすし (yasushi)

Korean

Hanja

欣 • (heun) (hangeul 흔, revised heun, McCune–Reischauer hŭn, Yale hun)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

欣 (hân)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

References

Thiều Chửu : Hán Việt Tự Điển Hà Nội 1942
Trần Văn Chánh: Từ Điển Hán Việt NXB Trẻ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999
Vũ Văn Kính: Đại Tự Điển Chữ Nôm, NXB Văn Nghệ, Ho Chi Minh Ville, 1999

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