璧流離

Chinese

		piece of jade with hole in center	to wander about homeless; to live as a refugee
trad. (璧流離)		璧	流離
simp. (璧流离)		璧	流离
variant forms		璧琉璃

Etymology

Phono-semantic matching of a corrupted form of Sanskrit वैडूर्य (vaiḍūrya, “cat's-eye; jewel; lapis lazuli”), Pali veḷuriya (“lapis lazuli”). Related to 吠瑠璃 (fèiliúlí), 琉璃 (liúlí).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): bìliúlí

(Zhuyin): ㄅㄧˋ ㄌㄧㄡˊ ㄌㄧˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): bik¹ lau⁴ lei⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: bìliúlí
  - Zhuyin: ㄅㄧˋ ㄌㄧㄡˊ ㄌㄧˊ
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bihliouli
  - IPA ^(key): /pi⁵¹ li̯oʊ̯³⁵ li³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: bik¹ lau⁴ lei⁴
  - Yale: bīk làuh lèih
  - Cantonese Pinyin: bik⁷ lau⁴ lei⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: big¹ leo⁴ léi⁴
  - IPA ^(key): /pɪk̚⁵ lɐu̯²¹ lei̯²¹/

Middle Chinese: /piᴇk̚ lɨu liᴇ/▼

Rime
Character	璧	流	離
Reading #	1/1	1/1	1/3
Initial (聲)	幫 (1)	來 (37)	來 (37)
Final (韻)	昔 (123)	尤 (136)	支 (11)
Tone (調)	Checked (Ø)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open	Open
Division (等)	III	III	III
Fanqie	必益切	力求切	呂支切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/piᴇk̚/	/lɨu/	/liᴇ/
Pan Wuyun	/piɛk̚/	/liu/	/liɛ/
Shao Rongfen	/piæk̚/	/liəu/	/ljɛ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/piajk̚/	/luw/	/liə̆/
Li Rong	/piɛk̚/	/liu/	/lie/
Wang Li	/pĭɛk̚/	/lĭəu/	/lǐe/
Bernard Karlgren	/pi̯ɛk̚/	/li̯ə̯u/	/lie̯/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	bi	liú	lí

Old Chinese▼
(Baxter–Sagart): /*pek ru [r]aj/

(Zhengzhang): /*peɡ ru rel/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	璧	流	離
Reading #	1/1	1/1	1/3
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	bì	liú	lí
Middle Chinese	‹ pjiek ›	‹ ljuw ›	‹ lje ›
Old Chinese	/*pek/	/*ru/	/*[r]aj/
English	circular jade insignium	flow (v.)	meet with, encounter
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	璧	流	離
Reading #	1/1	1/1	2/3
No.	676	8335	7780
Phonetic component	辟	流	离
Rime group	錫	幽	歌
Rime subdivision	0	1	2
Corresponding MC rime	辟	劉	離
Old Chinese	/*peɡ/	/*ru/	/*rel/
Notes		或爲毓省聲	甲文象隹入網羅，離反爲省文

Noun

璧流離

(literary, obsolete) cat's-eye
- 出封牛、水牛、象、大狗、沐猴、孔爵、珠璣、珊瑚、虎魄、璧流離。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  出封牛、水牛、象、大狗、沐猴、孔爵、珠玑、珊瑚、虎魄、璧流离。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: The Book of Han, circa 1^st century CE
  Chū fēngniú, shuǐniú, xiàng, dàgǒu, mùhóu, kǒngjué, zhūjī, shānhú, hǔpò, bìliúlí. [Pinyin]
  (The country of Jibin in the Western Regions) produces bison, buffalo, elephants, big dogs (kuchis?), macaques, peacocks, jewels, corals, ambers and cat's eyes.

This article is issued from Wiktionary. The text is licensed under Creative Commons - Attribution - Sharealike. Additional terms may apply for the media files.