渾

See also: 浑
渾 U+6E3E, 渾
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6E3E
← 渽
[U+6E3D] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 渿 →
[U+6E3F]

Translingual

Han character

渾 (radical 85, 水+9, 12 strokes, cangjie input 水月十十 (EBJJ), four-corner 37156, composition ⿰氵軍)

Derived characters
  • 𩅴

References
  • KangXi: page 635, character 23
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17800
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1043, character 8
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 3, page 1687, character 8
  • Unihan data for U+6E3E

Chinese
trad. 渾
simp. 浑

Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 渾
Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (軍) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
揮 *qʰul
輝 *qʰul
翬 *qʰul
暉 *qʰul
煇 *qʰul, *ɡuːn, *ɡuːnʔ
楎 *qʰul, *ɡuːn
瀈 *qʰul
韗 *qʰons, *ɢuns
褌 *kuːn
鶤 *kuːn, *ɢuns
緷 *kuːnʔ, *ɡuːnʔ, *ɢuns
睴 *kuːns, *ɡuːnʔ
璭 *kuːns
瘒 *ŋɡuːn
顐 *ŋɡuːn, *ŋɡuːns, *ɡuːn
諢 *ŋɡuːns
餫 *ɡuːn, *ɢuns
渾 *ɡuːn, *ɡuːnʔ
琿 *ɡuːn
鼲 *ɡuːn
堚 *ɡuːn
鯶 *ɡuːnʔ
軍 *kun
皸 *kun, *kuns
齳 *ŋɡunʔ
喗 *ŋɡunʔ
葷 *qʰun
惲 *qunʔ
賱 *qunʔ
運 *ɢuns
暈 *ɢuns
鄆 *ɢuns

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ɡuːn, *ɡuːnʔ) : semantic 氵 (“river”) + phonetic 軍 (OC *kun).

Pronunciation 1
Rime
Character 渾
Reading # 1/2
Initial (聲) 匣 (33)
Final (韻) 魂 (55)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) I
Fanqie 戸昆切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ɦuən/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ɦuon/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ɣuən/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ɦwən/
Li
Rong		 /ɣuən/
Wang
Li		 /ɣuən/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ɣuən/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 hún
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 渾
Reading # 1/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 hún
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ hwon ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[ɡ]ˁ[u]r/
English chaotic

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 渾
Reading # 1/2
No. 7321
Phonetic
component		 軍
Rime
group		 文
Rime
subdivision		 2
Corresponding
MC rime		 䰟
Old
Chinese		 /*ɡuːn/

Definitions

渾

  1. sound of spouting
  2. muddy
  3. muddled
  4. whole
  5. totally
  6. flourishing, vigorous
  7. still
  8. name of several rivers
  9. Short for 吐谷渾／吐谷浑 (tǔyùhún).
  10. A surname​.

Compounds
  • 吐谷渾／吐谷浑 (tǔyùhún)
  • 含渾／含浑
  • 含蓄渾厚／含蓄浑厚
  • 圓渾／圆浑
  • 大渾家／大浑家
  • 打水不渾／打水不浑
  • 攪渾／搅浑 (jiǎohún)
  • 渾不似／浑不似
  • 渾不比／浑不比
  • 渾世／浑世
  • 渾人／浑人
  • 渾似／浑似
  • 渾倌／浑倌
  • 渾全／浑全
  • 渾化／浑化
  • 渾厚／浑厚 (húnhòu)
  • 渾可事／浑可事
  • 渾噩／浑噩
  • 渾圓／浑圆 (húnyuán)
  • 渾家／浑家 (húnjiā)
  • 渾小子／浑小子
  • 渾成／浑成
  • 渾是／浑是
  • 渾話／浑话
  • 渾身／浑身 (húnshēn)
  • 渾身是膽／浑身是胆
  • 渾身無力／浑身无力
  • 渾身發軟／浑身发软
  • 渾身解數／浑身解数 (húnshēnxièshù)
  • 渾身銅臭／浑身铜臭
  • 渾酒／浑酒
  • 渾金璞玉／浑金璞玉
  • 渾閑事／浑闲事
  • 渾閒／浑闲
  • 渾骨丫髻／浑骨丫髻
  • 璞玉渾金／璞玉浑金
  • 老忘渾／老忘浑
  • 質直渾厚／质直浑厚
  • 踹渾水／踹浑水
  • 蹚渾水／蹚浑水
  • 躧渾水／躧浑水
  • 鑿渾沌／凿浑沌
  • 阿月渾子／阿月浑子 (āyuèhúnzǐ)
  • 雄渾／雄浑 (xiónghún)
  • 鬼打渾／鬼打浑

Pronunciation 2
Rime
Character 渾
Reading # 2/2
Initial (聲) 匣 (33)
Final (韻) 魂 (55)
Tone (調) Rising (X)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) I
Fanqie 胡本切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ɦuənX/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ɦuonX/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ɣuənX/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ɦwənX/
Li
Rong		 /ɣuənX/
Wang
Li		 /ɣuənX/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ɣuənX/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 hùn
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 渾
Reading # 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 hún
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ hwonX ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[ɡ]ˁurʔ/
English chaotic

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 渾
Reading # 2/2
No. 7328
Phonetic
component		 軍
Rime
group		 文
Rime
subdivision		 2
Corresponding
MC rime		 混
Old
Chinese		 /*ɡuːnʔ/

Definitions

渾

  1. large
  2. to mix
  3. simple; plain
  4. pure
  5. Short for 渾天／浑天.
  6. Short for 渾天儀／浑天仪 (húntiānyí).

Compounds
  • 分渾元／分浑元
  • 打渾／打浑
  • 沒渾過事／没浑过事
  • 渾俗和光／浑俗和光
  • 渾元／浑元
  • 渾名／浑名 (húnmíng)

Pronunciation 3
For pronunciation and definitions of 渾 – see 混 (“torrent; to mix; to blend; to mingle; etc.”).
(This character, 渾, is a variant form of 混.)

Pronunciation 4

Definitions

渾

  1. Only used in 渾渾／浑浑 (gǔngǔn, “alternative form of 滾滾; rolling along”).
  2. to fall

Japanese

Kanji
渾

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names)

  1. all
  2. turbidity

Readings
  • Go-on: ごん (gon)
  • Kan-on: こん (kon)
  • Kun: にごる (nigoru, 渾る); すべて (subete, 渾て)

Korean

Hanja

渾 • (hon) (hangeul 혼, revised hon, McCune–Reischauer hon, Yale hon)

  1. muddy, turbid
  2. blend, merge, mix

Vietnamese

Han character

渾 (hồn, hỗn)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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