很
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Translingual
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Han character
很 (radical 60, 彳+6, 9 strokes, cangjie input 竹人日女 (HOAV), four-corner 27232, composition ⿰彳艮)
References
- KangXi: page 366, character 13
- Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 10093
- Dae Jaweon: page 687, character 7
- Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 822, character 1
- Unihan data for U+5F88
Chinese
| simp. and trad. |
很 | |
|---|---|---|
Glyph origin
| Characters in the same phonetic series (艮) (Zhengzhang, 2003) | |
|---|---|
| Old Chinese | |
| 艱 | *krɯːn |
| 齦 | *kʰrɯːnʔ, *kʰɯːnʔ, *ŋɯn |
| 眼 | *ŋrɯːnʔ |
| 蛝 | *ɡrɯːn |
| 限 | *ɡrɯːnʔ |
| 硍 | *ɡrɯːnʔ |
| 豤 | *kʰɯːnʔ, *kʰɯːnʔ, *kʰuːn |
| 詪 | *ɡlɯːnʔ, *kɯːnʔ, *kɯːns |
| 根 | *kɯːn |
| 跟 | *kɯːn |
| 珢 | *kɯːn, *kɯːns, *ŋrɯn |
| 艮 | *kɯːns |
| 茛 | *kɯːns |
| 墾 | *kʰɯːnʔ |
| 懇 | *kʰɯːnʔ |
| 垠 | *ŋɯːn, *ŋrɯn, *ŋɯn |
| 泿 | *ŋɯːn, *ŋrɯn |
| 痕 | *ɡɯːn |
| 拫 | *ɡɯːn |
| 鞎 | *ɡɯːn |
| 很 | *ɡɯːnʔ |
| 恨 | *ɡɯːns |
| 銀 | *ŋrɯn |
| 檭 | *ŋrɯn |
Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ɡɯːnʔ) : semantic 彳 + phonetic 艮 (OC *kɯːns).
Etymology
“Cruel (~ 狠); to disobey; to defy” > “very; quite” (since Yuan dynasty). Compare 蠻／蛮 (mán).
Pronunciation
Definitions
很
Usage notes
- Mandarin speakers have a strong tendency to avoid monosyllabic terms. In order to satisfy this restriction, 很 is added before monosyllabic adjectives without any actual meaning. Similarly, Chinese people with monosyllabic first names will usually be addressed by their full name, even by their parents.
- Such usage of 很 is not uncommon before other adjectives as well, to the point where forming a sentence without 很 may be perceived as very unnatural. Additionally, using an adjective as a predicate without 很 might carry notions of a comparative statement, e.g. '我好' could be interpreted as 'I am good [unlike some other person that was mentioned]'.
Synonyms
| Dialectal synonyms of 很 (“very; quite”) [map] | ||
|---|---|---|
| Variety | Location | Words |
| Classical Chinese | 甚 | |
| Formal (Written Standard Chinese) | 非常, 很, 十分, 太 | |
| Mandarin | Beijing | 挺, 很, 倍兒 |
| Taiwan | 很, 挺 | |
| Tianjin | 挺, 很 | |
| Jinan | 挺, 楞 | |
| Xi'an | 很 | |
| Wuhan | 蠻, 很 | |
| Chengdu | 很, 好 | |
| Yangzhou | 蠻, 稀, 很 | |
| Hefei | 很 | |
| Cantonese | Guangzhou | 好 |
| Hong Kong | 好 | |
| Taishan | 好 | |
| Yangjiang | 好 | |
| Gan | Nanchang | 蠻 |
| Hakka | Meixian | 好 |
| Miaoli (N. Sixian) | 當, 已, 還 | |
| Liudui (S. Sixian) | 蓋, 盡, 還 | |
| Hsinchu (Hailu) | 當, 已, 還 | |
| Dongshi (Dabu) | 當, 已, 還 | |
| Hsinchu (Raoping) | 當, 已, 還 | |
| Yunlin (Zhao'an) | 足, 真, 實在 | |
| Sabah | 好 | |
| Jin | Taiyuan | 很, 挺 |
| Min Bei | Jian'ou | 真 |
| Min Dong | Fuzhou | 野, 真 |
| Min Nan | Xiamen | 真, 野, 誠, 有夠 |
| Quanzhou | 真, 野, 誠, 有夠 | |
| Zhangzhou | 盡, 蓋, 足, 足範, 有夠, 出奇, 極死, 見死 | |
| Taipei | 真, 誠 | |
| Kaohsiung | 有夠, 足, 真, 誠, 蓋 | |
| Tainan | 有夠, 足, 真, 誠, 蓋 | |
| Taichung | 誠, 蓋, 足 | |
| Hsinchu | 真, 誠 | |
| Lukang | 真, 誠 | |
| Sanxia | 真, 誠 | |
| Yilan | 有夠, 足, 誠, 盡 | |
| Kinmen | 足, 誠 | |
| Magong | 真, 誠 | |
| Penang | 真, 誠, 真正 | |
| Philippines (Manila) | 野, 真 | |
| Chaozhou | 過 | |
| Wu | Shanghai | 蠻, 老 |
| Suzhou | 蠻 | |
| Wenzhou | 蠻, 蒙, 顯 | |
| Xiang | Changsha | 很, 蠻 |
| Shuangfeng | 蠻 | |
See also
- 太 (tài)
Japanese
Kanji
很
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Korean
Hanja
很 • (heun) (hangeul 흔)
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Vietnamese
Han character
很 (ngận, hẩn)
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