原

See also: 厡
原 U+539F, 原
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-539F
← 厞
[U+539E] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 厠 →
[U+53A0]

Translingual

Han character

原 (radical 27, 厂+8, 10 strokes, cangjie input 一竹日火 (MHAF), four-corner 71296, composition ⿸厂⿱白小)

Derived characters

References
  • KangXi: page 162, character 3
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 2973
  • Dae Jaweon: page 368, character 23
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 74, character 9
  • Unihan data for U+539F

Chinese
simp. and trad.
 原
variant forms 厡
邍 “plain”
⿸厂元 (second-round simplified)

Glyph origin
Historical forms of the character 原
Western Zhou Warring States Shuowen Jiezi (compiled in Han) Liushutong (compiled in Ming)
Bronze inscriptions Chu Slip and silk script Small seal script Transcribed ancient scripts
Characters in the same phonetic series (原) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
羱 *ŋʷaːn, *ŋʷan
豲 *ɦŋʷaːn
謜 *sŋ̊ʰʷan, *ŋʷan
縓 *sŋ̊ʰʷan, *sŋ̊ʰʷans
原 *ŋʷan
源 *ŋʷan
厵 *ŋʷan
嫄 *ŋʷan
騵 *ŋʷan
榞 *ŋʷan
獂 *ŋʷan
蒝 *ŋʷan
願 *ŋʷans
傆 *ŋʷans
愿 *ŋʷans

Ideogram (指事) – a spring 泉 bursting from a cliff-side 厂: origin.

Etymology

The sense “source, origin; basic, primary” is perhaps related to 元 (OC *ŋon, “head; principal; first; great”) (Qiu, 1988).

Pronunciation
Note:
  • nguang5 - Shantou;
  • nguêng5 - Chaozhou.
Rime
Character 原
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 疑 (31)
Final (韻) 元 (66)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Closed
Division (等) III
Fanqie 愚袁切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /ŋʉɐn/
Pan
Wuyun		 /ŋʷiɐn/
Shao
Rongfen		 /ŋiuɐn/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /ŋuan/
Li
Rong		 /ŋiuɐn/
Wang
Li		 /ŋĭwɐn/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /ŋi̯wɐn/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 yuán
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 原 原
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 yuán yuán
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ ngjwon › ‹ ngjwon ›
Old
Chinese		 /*N-ɢʷar/ /*N-ɢʷar/
English spring, source; origin high plain (n.)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 原
Reading # 1/1
No. 16186
Phonetic
component		 原
Rime
group		 元
Rime
subdivision		 1
Corresponding
MC rime		 元
Old
Chinese		 /*ŋʷan/
Notes 金文象泉源，爲源初文

Definitions

原

  1. meadow; field; plain; prairie; tundra; wilderness
  2. source; origin; beginning
  3. Original form of 源 (yuán, “fountainhead; source”).
  4. basic; fundamental
  5. original; primary
  6. originally; at the beginning
  7. to originate; to arise
  8. to trace the source; to probe into
  9. to forgive; to pardon
  10. A surname​.

Synonyms

Compounds
Derived terms from 原


Japanese

Kanji
原

(grade 2 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

Compounds
Compounds

Etymology 1
Kanji in this term
原
はら
Grade: 2
kun’yomi

From Old Japanese. Found in the Man'yōshū, finished some time after 759 CE. Compare Korean 벌 (peol, “plain, field”).

Pronunciation

Noun

原 (hiragana はら, rōmaji hara)

  1. meadow, plain, field
Usage notes

Specifically refers to a field that is not cultivated.

Proper noun

原 (hiragana はら, rōmaji Hara)

  1. A surname​.

Etymology 2
Kanji in this term
原
げん
Grade: 2
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 原 (MC ŋʉɐn, “source; origin; beginning”).

Pronunciation

Noun

原 (hiragana げん, rōmaji gen)

  1. the original thing

Prefix

原 (hiragana げん, rōmaji gen-)

  1. the original
    原 (げん)文 (ぶん)、原 (げん)材料 (ざいりょう)
    genbun, gen-zairyō
    original document, original / raw materials

References
  1. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Etymology 1

Hanja

原 (eumhun 언덕 원 (eondeok won))

Etymology 2

Hanja

原 (eumhun 근원 원 (geunwon won))

Compounds

Vietnamese

Han character

原 (nguyên, nguyễn)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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