今年

Chinese
 
today; modern; present; current; this; now
 year
trad. (今年) 今 年
simp. #(今年) 今 年

Pronunciation

Noun

今年

  1. this year
    您今年貴庚？ / 您今年贵庚？  ―  Nín jīnnián guìgēng?  ―  How old are you this year? [to an unfamiliar elderly person]

Synonyms

Further reading

Japanese

Etymology 1
Kanji in this term
今 年
Grade: 2 とし
Grade: 1
Irregular kun’yomi

Compound of 此 (ko, “this”) +‎ 年 (toshi, “year”).

The use of the kanji 今 (“now”) instead of 此 (“this”) is an example of jukujikun (熟字訓), borrowed from Chinese 今年.

Pronunciation

Noun

今年 (hiragana ことし, rōmaji kotoshi)

  1. this year, the present year
    • 1187, Senzai Wakashū (book 16, poem 1016; also Hyakunin Isshu, poem 75)
      契 (ちぎ)りおきしさせもが露 (つゆ)を命 (いのち)にてあはれ今年 (ことし)の秋 (あき)もいぬめり
      chigiri-okishi sasemo ga tsuyu o inochi ni te aware kotoshi no aki mo inumeri
      I believed in you with all my heart but again this [year in] autumn passes, filled with sadness. Your promises―but vanishing dewdrops of the mugwort blessing![3]

Adverb

今年 (hiragana ことし, rōmaji kotoshi)

  1. this year
Derived terms
Derived terms
  • 今年 (ことし)生 (お)ひ (kotoshi-oi)
  • 今年 (ことし)米 (ごめ) (kotoshigome)
  • 今年 (ことし)酒 (ざけ) (kotoshizake)
  • 今年 (ことし)竹 (だけ) (kotoshidake)
  • 今年 (ことし)の今 (きょ)日 (う) (kotoshi no kyō)
  • 今年 (ことし)の去 (こ)年 (ぞ) (kotoshi no kozo)
  • 今年 (ことし)米 (まい) (kotoshimai)
  • 今年 (ことし)渡 (わた)り (kotoshiwatari)
  • 去 (こ)年 (ぞ)今年 (ことし) (kozo-kotoshi)

Etymology 2
Kanji in this term
今 年
こん
Grade: 2		 ねん
Grade: 1
goon

From Middle Chinese 今年 (MC kˠiɪm nen).

Pronunciation

Noun

今年 (hiragana こんねん, rōmaji konnen)

  1. this year, the present year
    Synonym: 本年 (honnen)
Derived terms
  • 今 (こん)年 (ねん)度 (ど) (konnendo)
  • 今 (こん)明 (みょう)年 (ねん) (konmyōnen)

Coordinate terms
時 (“Time”)
~-2-10+1+2Continual
Day 日一昨日昨日今日明日明後日毎日
Morning 朝一昨朝昨朝今朝明朝—毎朝
Night 晩一昨晩昨晩今晩明晩—毎晩
Week 週先々週先週今週来週再来週毎週
Month 月先々月先月今月来月再来月毎月
Year 年一昨年去年今年来年再来年毎年

References
  1. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
  3. Peter MacMillan (2018) One Hundred Poets, One Poem Each: A Treasury of Classical Japanese Verse, Penguin UK, →ISBN
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