earth

From Middle English erthe, from Old English eorþe (“earth, ground, soil, dry land”), from Proto-Germanic *erþō (“earth, ground, soil”) (compare West Frisian ierde, Low German Eerd, Dutch aarde, Dutch Low Saxon eerde, German Erde, Danish, Swedish and Norwegian jord), related to *erwô (“earth”) (compare Old High German ero, perhaps Old Norse jǫrfi (“c”)), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁er- (compare Ancient Greek *ἔρα (*éra) in ἔραζε (éraze, “on the ground”), perhaps Tocharian B yare (“gravel”).

Probably unrelated, and of unknown etymology, is Old Armenian երկիր (erkir, “earth”)). Likewise, the phonologically similar Proto-Semitic *ʾarṣ́- (whence Arabic أَرْض‎ (ʾarḍ), Hebrew אֶרֶץ‎ (ʾereṣ)) is probably not related.

• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /ɜːθ/
• (US) IPA^(key): /ɝθ/

• Audio (US)

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• Audio (UK)

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• Rhymes: -ɜː(ɹ)θ

A view of Earth from space

earth

1. Our planet, third out from the Sun; see main entry Earth.

   The astronauts saw the earth from the porthole.

• The word earth is capitalized to Earth when used in context with other celestial bodies.

Earth as soil (1)

earth (countable and uncountable, plural earths)

1. (uncountable) Soil.

   This is good earth for growing potatoes.

2. (uncountable) Any general rock-based material.

   She sighed when the plane's wheels finally touched earth.

3. The ground, land (as opposed to the sky or sea).
   • 2013 June 7, David Simpson, “Fantasy of navigation”, in The Guardian Weekly, volume 188, number 26, page 36:

     Like most human activities, ballooning has sponsored heroes and hucksters and a good deal in between. For every dedicated scientist patiently recording atmospheric pressure and wind speed while shivering at high altitudes, there is a carnival barker with a bevy of pretty girls willing to dangle from a basket or parachute down to earth.

   Birds are of the sky, not of the earth.

4. (Britain) A connection electrically to the earth ((US) ground); on equipment: a terminal connected in that manner.
5. A fox's home or lair.
6. The world of our current life (as opposed to heaven or an afterlife).
   • 1819, John Keats, "Ode on a Grecian Urn"

     "Beauty is truth, truth beauty," - that is all / Ye know on earth, and all ye need to know.

7. (alchemy, philosophy and Taoism) The aforementioned soil- or rock-based material, considered one of the four or five classical elements.

earth (third-person singular simple present earths, present participle earthing, simple past and past participle earthed)

1. (Britain, transitive) To connect electrically to the earth.

   Synonym: ground

   That noise is because the amplifier is not properly earthed.

2. (transitive) To bury.
   • Young

     The miser earths his treasure, and the thief, / Watching the mole, half beggars him ere noon.

3. (transitive) To hide, or cause to hide, in the earth; to chase into a burrow or den.
   • Dryden

     The fox is earthed.

4. (intransitive) To burrow.

   (Can we find and add a quotation of Tickell to this entry?)

• earthing

• unearth

• Erath, Harte, Heart, Herat, Taher, Terah, Thera, hater, heart, rathe, rehat, th'are, thare