talamh

Irish

Etymology

From Old Irish talam, from Proto-Celtic *talamū, from Proto-Indo-European *tl̥-mon-, root *tel- (compare Latin tellus (“earth”)).

Pronunciation
  • (Munster) IPA(key): /ˈt̪ˠɑlˠəvˠ/
  • (Galway) IPA(key): /ˈt̪ˠalˠə/
  • (Mayo) IPA(key): /ˈt̪ˠalˠuː/
  • (Ulster) IPA(key): /ˈt̪ˠalˠu/

Noun

talamh f or m (feminine genitive talún, masculine genitive talaimh, plural tailte)

  1. earth, ground, land
    1. the earth
    2. surface of the earth
    3. dry land
    4. surface of ground
    5. land, soil
    6. total extent of land; territory, country
    7. property in land
    8. spot of ground
    9. land under water; (of sea) bottom
    10. solid base (for discussion, understanding)

Declension
Feminine declension
Declension of talamh

Fifth declension

Bare forms

Case Singular Plural
Nominative talamh tailte
Vocative a thalamh a thailte
Genitive talún tailte
Dative talamh
talúin (archaic, dialectal)		 tailte

Forms with the definite article

Case Singular Plural
Nominative an talamh na tailte
Genitive na talún na dtailte
Dative leis an talamh
leis an talúin (archaic, dialectal)

don talamh
don talúin (archaic, dialectal)

 leis na tailte
Masculine declension
Declension of talamh

First declension

Bare forms:

Case Singular Plural
Nominative talamh tailte
Vocative a thalaimh a thailte
Genitive talaimh tailte
Dative talamh tailte

Forms with the definite article:

Case Singular Plural
Nominative an talamh na tailte
Genitive an talaimh na dtailte
Dative leis an talamh

don talamh

 leis na tailte

Derived terms
  • An Talamh Naofa (“the Holy Land”)
  • arcán talún (“aardvark, anteater”)
  • ardtalamh, talamh ard (“high ground, upland”)
  • ceapach thalún (“plot of land”)
  • cnó talún (“earth-nut”)
  • droichead talún (“land bridge”)
  • eidhneán talún m (“ground ivy”)
  • maidhm thalún (“landslide”)
  • os cionn talún, os cionn talaimh (“above ground”)
  • ó thalamh (“fundamentally, thoroughly”)
  • péist talún f (“earthworm”)
  • Talamh an Éisc (“Newfoundland”)
  • talamhchrith (“earthquake”)
  • talamh cruithneachta (“land for growing wheat”)
  • talamhiarrthach (“terricolous”, adjective)
  • talamhiata (“landlocked”, adjective)
  • talamh innilte (“grazing land”)
  • talamh íseal (“low ground, lowland”)
  • talamhluas (“ground speed”)
  • talmhaí (“agriculturist, husbandman”)
  • talmhaí (“earthly; worldly; thickset”, adjective)
  • talmhaigh (“dig oneself in, earth; touch down”, verb)
  • tiarna talún (“landlord”)

Mutation
Irish mutation
Radical Lenition Eclipsis
talamh thalamh dtalamh
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading
  • "talamh" in Foclóir Gaeilge-Béarla, An Gúm, 1977, by Niall Ó Dónaill.
  • “talam” in Dictionary of the Irish Language, Royal Irish Academy, 1913–76.
  • Entries containing “talamh” in English-Irish Dictionary, An Gúm, 1959, by Tomás de Bhaldraithe.
  • Entries containing “talamh” in New English-Irish Dictionary by Foras na Gaeilge.

Scottish Gaelic

Etymology

From Old Irish talam, from Proto-Celtic *talamū, from Proto-Indo-European *tl̥-mon-, root *tel- (compare Latin tellus (“earth”)).

Noun

talamh m or f (genitive singular talmhainn, plural talamhan or talmhainnean)

  1. (masculine only) Earth (planet)
    Synonym: cruinne-cè
  2. earth, soil, ground
    Synonym: ùir
  3. land, country, territory
    Synonym: tìr

Usage notes

Derived terms

Mutation
Scottish Gaelic mutation
RadicalLenition
talamhthalamh
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every
possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

Further reading
  • Faclair Gàidhlig Dwelly Air Loidhne, Dwelly, Edward (1911), Faclair Gàidhlig gu Beurla le Dealbhan/The Illustrated [Scottish] Gaelic-English Dictionary (10th ed.), Edinburgh: Birlinn Limited, →ISBN
  • “talam” in Dictionary of the Irish Language, Royal Irish Academy, 1913–76.
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