1909 in the United Kingdom
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Events from the year 1909 in the United Kingdom.
Incumbents
- Monarch – Edward VII
- Prime Minister – H. H. Asquith (Liberal)
- Parliament – 28th
Events
- 1 January – national old age pension scheme comes into force.[1]
- 9 January – Ernest Shackleton's Nimrod Expedition to the South Pole forced to turn back 112 miles from the pole.[2]
- 23 January – the Tottenham Outrage, an armed robbery and the murder of a ten-year-old boy and a police constable in Tottenham, North London, carried out by two Latvian anarchists.
- 16 February – West Stanley Pit Disaster, a coal mining disaster in Stanley, County Durham, in which more than 160 miners are killed in an explosion.[3][4]
- 26 February – first film shown in colour using Kinemacolor at the Palace Theatre, London.[2]
- March – construction of the Rosyth Dockyard for the Royal Navy on the east coast of Scotland begins.
- 10 March – Anglo-Siamese Treaty signed in Bangkok.
- 15 March – Selfridges department store opens in London.[2]
- 16 March – Port of London Authority established.[2]
- 11 April – coming into effect of Children Act 1908, establishing separate juvenile courts for ten–sixteen-year-olds; abolishing the use of custody for under-fourteens and hanging for under-sixteens; introducing the registration of foster parents; and restricting access for under-16s to cigarettes and alcohol.
- 24 April – the FA Cup final is won by Manchester United for the first time, as they beat Bristol City 1–0 at Crystal Palace.[5]
- 29 April – People's Budget introduced in the British Parliament by David Lloyd George.[6]
- 2 May – John Moore-Brabazon becomes the first resident British citizen to make a recognised powered heavier-than-air flight in the UK, flying from The Aero Club's ground at Leysdown on the Isle of Sheppey in his Voisin biplane Bird of Passage.[7]
- 13 May – Lonmin is incorporated in the UK as the London and Rhodesian Mining and Land Company Limited.[8]
- 26 May – the King's horse, Minoru, wins the Epsom Derby.[9]
- 15 June – representatives from England, Australia and South Africa meet at Lord's and form the Imperial Cricket Conference.
- 26 June
- Edward VII and Queen Alexandra open the Victoria and Albert Museum, designed by Aston Webb.[1]
- The Science Museum in London comes into existence as an independent entity.
- July – Ivy Evelyn Woodward is admitted as the first woman Member of the Royal College of Physicians.[10][11]
- 25 July – Louis Blériot flies a Blériot XI monoplane across the English Channel from Calais to Dover, winning a prize of £1000 from the Daily Mail.[12]
- 23 August – the Secret Service Bureau counter-espionage unit (later known as MI5) is secretly established.[1]
- 3 September – the first Boy Scout rally held at The Crystal Palace in London.[2]
- 17 September – militant suffragette Mabel Capper is among the first to suffer force-feeding while on hunger strike, at Winson Green Prison in Birmingham.[13]
- October – the Trade Boards Act, a form of minimum wage legislation, is passed.
- 2 October – the first rugby football match played in Twickenham.
- 15–23 October – "Aviation week" of demonstration flying held at Doncaster;[14] this is followed by a similar event at Blackpool.
- 5 November – the first Woolworth's branch in the UK opens in Liverpool.[2]
- 8 November – first contest for a Lonsdale Belt in boxing, won by Welsh lightweight Freddie Welsh in London.
- 30 November – the House of Lords rejects the People's Budget proposed by David Lloyd George, forcing a general election.[1]
- 3 December – the Ellan Vannin sinks in Liverpool Bay resulting in the loss of all 15 passengers and 21 crew.
- 4 December – the University of Bristol is founded and receives its Royal Charter.
- 7 December – South Africa granted dominion status.[1]
Undated
- Labour Exchanges Act sets up labour exchanges as a source of information on employment.
- Thomas Beecham establishes the Beecham Symphony Orchestra.[15]
- The mass-circulation Daily Mail (London) hysterically informs its readers in a series of reports that Germany is deliberately preparing to destroy the British Empire.
- First British bird ringing programme initiated by Arthur Landsborough Thomson at Aberdeen.[16]
Publications
- Florence Barclay's novel The Rosary.[17]
- Angela Brazil's schoolgirl story The Nicest Girl in the School.
- Daniel Jones' introductory The Pronunciation of English.
- H. G. Wells' novels Ann Veronica and Tono-Bungay.
Births
- 24 January – Martin Lings, Islamic scholar (died 2005)
- 29 January – Phoebe Hesketh, poet (died 2005)
- 14 March – William Montgomery Watt, Anglican priest and professor (died 2006)
- 26 March – Martin Hodgson, rugby league footballer (died 1991)
- 30 April – F. E. McWilliam, sculptor (died 1992)
- 11 May – Herbert Murrill, organist and composer (died 1952)
- 15 May – James Mason, actor (died 1984)
- 18 May – Fred Perry, tennis player (died 1995)
- 19 May – Nicholas Winton, humanitarian (died 2015)
- 26 May – Matt Busby, football manager (Manchester United) (died 1994)
- 7 June – Jessica Tandy, actress (died 1994)
- 28 June – Eric Ambler, novelist and playwright (died 1998)
- 5 July – Douglas Dodds-Parker, soldier and politician (died 2006)
- 28 July – Malcolm Lowry, novelist (died 1957)
- 30 July – C. Northcote Parkinson, historian and author (died 1993)
- 25 August – Michael Rennie, actor (died 1971)
- 14 September – Peter Scott, ornithologist and painter (died 1989)
- 6 October – Robert Potter, architect (died 2010)
- 28 October – Francis Bacon, painter (died 1992)
- 17 November – E. S. Turner, author and journalist (died 2006)
- 19 November – Griffith Jones, actor (died 2007)
- 23 November – Nigel Tranter, historian and writer (died 2000)
- 30 November – Nancy Carline, artist (died 2004)
- 1 December – Frank Gillard, radio broadcaster (died 1998)
- 4 December – Edward Britton, trade unionist (died 2005)
- 8 December – Lesslie Newbigin, bishop and theologian (died 1998)
- 10 December – F. W. Walbank, scholar of Greek history (died 2008)
- 23 December – Donald Coggan, Archbishop of Canterbury (died 2000)
Deaths
- 8 January – Harry Seeley, palaeontologist (born 1839)
- 14 January – Arthur William a Beckett, journalist (born 1844)
- 10 April – Algernon Charles Swinburne, poet (born 1837)
- 13 April – Sir Donald Currie, Scottish shipping magnate (born 1825)
- 17 May – Sir Hugh Gough, general, Victoria Cross recipient (born 1833)
- 18 May – George Meredith, novelist and poet (born 1828)
- 31 May – Thomas Price, Welsh-born Prime Minister of South Australia (born 1852)
- 22 June – Edward John Gregory, painter (born 1850)
- 1 August – Sir Hugh Rowlands, Welsh general, first Welsh Victoria Cross recipient (born 1828)
- 14 August – William Stanley, inventor, precision engineer (born 1829)
- 25 October – Arthur Bromley, British Royal Navy officer, Admiral Superintendent of Malta Dockyard (born 1847)
- 9 November – William Powell Frith, painter (born 1819)
- 10 November – George Essex Evans, Welsh-Australian poet (born 1863)
- 11 December – Ludwig Mond, industrialist (born 1839)
- 13 December – Sir Alfred Lewis Jones, shipping magnate (born 1845)
See also
References
- Palmer, Alan; Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd. pp. 342–343. ISBN 978-0-7126-5616-0.
- Penguin Pocket On This Day. Penguin Reference Library. 2006. ISBN 978-0-14-102715-9.
- "Ceremony to remember dead miners". BBC News. 4 March 2005. Retrieved 14 October 2010.
- "Memorial marks pit deaths tragedy". BBC News. 16 February 2009. Retrieved 5 May 2009.
- "F A Cup Final 1909". F A Cup Final Programmes. Archived from the original on 11 March 2007.
- Raymond, E. T. (1922). Mr. Lloyd George: a biography. New York: George H. Doran Co. p. 118.
april 29.
- Fryer, Jonathan (September 2008). "Where British aviation began". The Journal of Kent History. 67: 18–19.
- Page, Melvin E., ed. (2003). Colonialism: an International Social, Cultural and Political Encyclopedia. Santa Barbara: ABC-CLIO. pp. 350–351. ISBN 978-1-57607-335-3.
- "Minoru Wins Derby; Sir Martin Falls". The New York Times. 27 May 1909. p. 1.
- Cooke, A. M. (1972). A history of the Royal College of Physicians of London. 3. Clarendon Press for the Royal College of Physicians. p. 976.
- Witz, Anne (2016). Professions and Patriarchy. London: Routledge. ISBN 9781138135796. OCLC 938993033.
- Blériot, Louis (25 July 1909). "Bleriot Tells of his Flight" (PDF). The New York Times (published 26 July 1909). ISSN 0362-4331. OCLC 1645522. Retrieved 26 July 2009.
- WSPU Hunger Strike Medal with Fed by Force bar 17.9.09.
- Blake, Richard. The Book of Postal Dates, 1635–1985. Caterham: Marden. p. 20.
- Jefferson, Alan (2004). "Beecham, Sir Thomas, second baronet (1879–1961)". Oxford Dictionary of National Biography. doi:10.1093/ref:odnb/30670. Retrieved 3 February 2011. (subscription or UK public library membership required)
- Williamson, Kenneth (1977). "Sir Arthur Landsborough Thomson". Bird Study. 24 (3): 202–3. doi:10.1080/00063657709476557.
- Leavis, Q.D. (1965). Fiction and the Reading Public (rev. ed.). London: Chatto & Windus.
See also
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