1872 in the United Kingdom
| 1872 in the United Kingdom |
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Events from the year 1872 in the United Kingdom.
Incumbents
- Monarch – Victoria
- Prime Minister – William Ewart Gladstone (Liberal)
- Parliament – 20th
Events
- 1 January – C. P. Scott becomes editor of The Manchester Guardian, a position he will hold until 1929.
- 2 February – British government buys a number of forts on the Gold Coast from the Netherlands.[1]
- 5 March – Tichborne case decided against the impostor Arthur Orton.
- 11 March – work begins setting up Seven Sisters Colliery in South Wales, located on one of the richest coal sources in Britain.
- 16 March – in the first ever final of the FA Cup, the world's oldest football competition, Wanderers F.C. defeat Royal Engineers A.F.C. 1–0 at The Oval in Kennington, London.[2]
- May – Rangers F.C. play their first ever game on the public pitches of Glasgow Green.
- June – American-born painter James McNeill Whistler exhibits Arrangement in Grey and Black: The Artist's Mother, painted the previous year in London, at the Royal Academy summer exhibition.
- 3 July – Queen Victoria opens the Albert Memorial in memory of her husband Prince Albert.[3]
- 18 July
- Ballot Act introduces secret ballots in United Kingdom elections.[2]
- Philanthropist Angela Burdett-Coutts, 1st Baroness Burdett-Coutts, becomes the first woman to be made an Honorary Freeman of the City of London.
- 31 July – Licensing Act establishes licences for public houses and limits drinking hours.[1]
- 5 August – Hastings Pier opened. Designed by Eugenius Birch, it is the first in Britain with an entertainment pavilion incorporated from new.[4]
- 10 August – Portland Breakwater completed.
- 15 August – 1872 Pontefract by-election, a ministerial by-election which is the first UK Parliamentary election held by secret ballot following the Ballot Act. The incumbent Hugh Childers retains his seat.
- 1 September – a group of Icaiche Maya under Marcos Canul attack Orange Walk Town in British Honduras as part of the Caste War of Yucatán. British troops are sent against them.
- 7 October – an underground explosion at Morley Main Colliery, Morley, West Yorkshire, kills 34.[5]
- 9 October – University College Wales opens at Aberystwyth.
- 16 November – London Metropolitan Police strike.
- 21 November – Wigan F.C. founded, the first Association football team in Wigan.
- 25 November – loss of the iron sailing ship Royal Adelaide on Chesil Beach: 60 saved, 7 drowned.[6][7]
- 30 November – Scotland v England, the first FIFA-recognized international Association football match, takes place at Hamilton Crescent in Scotland.[2] The result is a goalless draw.
- 6 December – Springwell Pit disaster at Dawley in Shropshire: eight coal miners fall to their death when a winding chain snaps.
- 12 December – a meteorite strikes Earth near Banbury.
- 21 December – the Challenger expedition sails from Portsmouth on the four year scientific expedition that will lay the foundation for the science of oceanography.
Undated
- Last recorded uses of the stocks for judicial punishment, at Newbury, Berkshire (11 June)[8] and Adpar, Newcastle Emlyn, west Wales.[9]
- Exceptionally consistent rain brings the wettest calendar year on record over England and Wales with 1,284.9 millimetres (50.6 in) beating previous record from 1768 by 37.6 millimetres (1.5 in). The nearest approach since has been 2012 with 1,244.3 millimetres (49.0 in) and 2000 with 1,232.5 millimetres (48.5 in).[10]
Publications
- First edition of Chambers's English Dictionary.
- Samuel Butler's anonymous satirical novel Erewhon.
- Charles Darwin's study The Expression of the Emotions in Man and Animals.
- George Eliot's novel Middlemarch (serialisation completed).
- Thomas Hardy's anonymous romantic novel Under the Greenwood Tree.
- Samuel Plimsoll's campaigning work Our Seamen.
Births
- 12 May – Eleanor Rathbone, social campaigner and politician (died 1946)
- 18 May – Bertrand Russell, philosopher and mathematician, recipient of the Nobel Prize in Literature (died 1970)
- 31 May – Heath Robinson, cartoonist and illustrator (died 1944)
- 23 July – Edward A. Wilson, explorer, physician, naturalist and ornithologist (died 1912 in Antarctica)
- 21 August – Aubrey Beardsley, artist (died 1898)
- 8 October – John Cowper Powys, writer and philosopher (died 1963)
- 12 October – Ralph Vaughan Williams, composer (died 1958)
- 20 November – Alfred Mylne, yacht designer (died 1951)
- 26 December – Norman Angell, politician, recipient of the Nobel Peace Prize (died 1967)
Deaths
- 16 February – Henry Fothergill Chorley, critic (born 1808)
- 27 February – John McLeod Campbell, churchman (born 1800)
- 1 April – Frederick Maurice, theologian (born 1805)
- 28 November – Mary Somerville, mathematician (born 1780)
- 15 December – Lady Beaconsfield, wife of Benjamin Disraeli (born 1792)
References
- Palmer, Alan; Veronica (1992). The Chronology of British History. London: Century Ltd. pp. 294–295. ISBN 0-7126-5616-2.
- Penguin Pocket On This Day. Penguin Reference Library. 2006. ISBN 0-14-102715-0.
- "Construction of the memorial, Royal Institute of British Architects". Archived from the original on 2 March 2012. Retrieved 26 August 2011.
- Pearson, Lynn F. (2002). Piers and other seaside architecture. Princes Risborough: Shire. pp. 9–10. ISBN 0-7478-0539-3.
- Thorp, Jim (2009). Coal Mining in Morley. Nelson: Northern Mine Research Society. ISBN 978-0-901450-65-4.
- "BBC Inside Out – South West". BBC. 13 February 2006. Retrieved 2 November 2008.
- "Chesil Beach Shipwrecks". The Heritage Coast. Archived from the original on 21 November 2008. Retrieved 2 November 2008.
- Pettifer, Ernest W. (1992). Punishments of Former Days (2nd ed.). Winchester: Waterside Publishing. p. 102. ISBN 1-872870-05-8.
- May, John (1994). Reference Wales. Cardiff: University of Wales Press. ISBN 0-7083-1234-9.
- Hadley Centre England and Wales Precipitation
See also
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