Philippine House of Representatives elections, 2013

Philippine House of Representatives elections, 2013

May 13, 2013
All 292 seats in the House of Representatives of the Philippines. 147 seats needed for a majority
First party Second party Third party   NPC NUP Leader Feliciano Belmonte, Jr. Mark L. Mendoza Pablo P. Garcia Party Liberal NPC NUP Leader's seat Quezon City–4th Batangas–4th Cebu–2nd (lost) Last election 45 seats, 20.02% 31 seats, 15.90% Did not contest Seats before 93+2 coalition 39 30 Seats won 111+4 coalition 43 24 Seat change 20 3 6 Popular vote 10,705,477 4,799,890 2,355,195 Percentage 39.03% 17.50% 8.59% Swing 19.26% 1.53% 8.59%   Fourth party Fifth party Sixth party   NP Lakas Leader Mark Villar Ferdinand Martin Romualdez Toby Tiangco Party Nacionalista Lakas UNA Leader's seat Las Piñas Leyte–1st Navotas Last election 27 seats, 11.73% 107 seats, 37.84% Did not participate Seats before 20 22 11+1 coalition Seats won 18 14 8+2 coalition Seat change 2 4 2 Popular vote 2,340,932 1,363,126 3,127,769 Percentage 8.53% 4.97% 11.40% Swing 2.81% 32.44% 7.85%
District election results; results for Metro Manila is magnified at the top right.
Speaker before election Feliciano Belmonte, Jr. Liberal Elected Speaker Feliciano Belmonte, Jr. Liberal

The 2013 Philippine House of Representatives elections were the 33rd lower house elections in the Philippines. They were held on May 13, 2013 to elect members to the House of Representatives of the Philippines that would serve in the 16th Congress of the Philippines from June 30, 2013 to June 30, 2016.

The Philippines uses parallel voting for the House of Representatives: first past the post on 234 single member districts, and via closed party lists on a 2% election threshold computed via a modified Hare quota (3-seat cap and no remainders) on 58 seats, with parties with less than 1% of the first preference vote winning one seat each if 20% of the party-list seats are not filled up. Major parties are not allowed to participate in the party-list election.

While the concurrent Senate election features the two major coalitions in Team PNoy and the United Nationalist Alliance (UNA), the constituent parties of the coalitions contested the lower house election separately, and in some districts, candidates from the same coalition in the Senate are contesting a single seat. Campaigns for the House of Representatives are done on a district-by-district basis; there is no national campaign conducted by the parties. No matter the election result, the party of the president usually controls the House of Representatives, via a grand coalition of almost all parties. Only the ruling Liberal Party can win a majority, as it is the only party to put up candidates in a majority of seats.

After release of preliminary results, the Liberal Party emerged as the largest party in the chamber. Its coalition partners also held most of their seats. Incumbent Speaker Feliciano Belmonte, Jr. is expected to be easily reelected as the Speaker of the 16th Congress.

Electoral system

The election for seats in the House of Representatives is done via parallel voting. A voter has two votes: one for one's local district, and another via the party-list system. A candidate is not allowed to stand for both ballots, and parties participating in the district elections would have to ask for permission on the Commission on Elections, with major parties not allowed to participate in the party-list election.

District changes

Reapportioning (redistricting) the number of seats is either via national reapportionment after the release of every census, or via piecemeal redistricting for every province or city. National reapportionment has not happened since the 1987 constitution took effect, and aside from piecemeal redistricting, the apportionment was based on the ordinance from the constitution, which was in turn based from the 1980 census.

These are the following laws pertaining to redistricting that were passed by Congress. While a locality that has a minimum of 250,000 people is constitutionally entitled to one district representative, Congress should enact a law in order for it to take effect. The creation of new districts may be politically motivated, in order to prevent political allies (or even opponents) from contesting one seat.

Bukidnon, Cotabato, Palawan and Quezon City received additional representatives in the upcoming Congress.

The number of new legislative districts may also increase the seats allocated for party-list representatives: for every five new legislative districts, one seat for a party-list representative is also created.

Marginal seats

These are seats where the winning margin was 3% or less, politicians may choose to run under a different political party as compared to 2010. This excludes districts where the nearest losing candidate or that candidate's party is not contesting the election, or districts that were redistricted.

Retiring and term-limited incumbents

These are the incumbents who are not running for a seat in the House of Representatives, and are not term limited:

Defeated incumbents

Open seat gains

*Kaka Bag-ao is a party–list representative for Akbayan who ran in Dinagat Islands district under the Liberal Party and won.

Results

2013 Philippine House district elections chart of votes (inner ring) compared to seats won (outer ring).

District elections

Only the Liberal Party can win the election outright by placing candidates in a majority of seats. With 292 seats, including seats reserved for sectoral representatives, 147 seats are needed for a majority, and only the Liberal Party is contesting more than 150 seats.

The Liberal Party did win a near majority of the district seats. They are expected to form a coalition with other Team PNoy component parties, other parties, most independents, and most party-list representatives for a large working majority. Lakas-CMD is expected to form the minority bloc anew, while the United Nationalist Alliance and left-leaning representatives may join either bloc.

A total of six independents won, one less than in 2010.

The vote totals below were collected from the results displayed from the COMELEC's "Transparency" server. These are partial and unofficial. The seats won are the ones which had been officially proclaimed by the COMELEC.

 Summary of the May 13, 2013 Philippine House of Representatives election results for representatives from congressional districts

Party/coalition			Popular vote			Breakdown						Seats
			Total	%	Swing	Entered	Up	Gains	Holds	Losses	Vacant wins	Elected	%[hd 1]	+/−[hd 2]
		Liberal (Liberal Party)	10,557,265	38.31%	18.38%	160	93	22	84	9	4	109	37.7%	16
		Bukidnon Paglaum (Hope for Bukidnon)	100,405	0.36%	0.36%	1	1	0	1	0	0	1	0.3%
		Kusug Agusanon (Progressive Agusan)	71,436	0.26%	0.26%	1	1	0	1	0	0	1	0.3%
		KKK (Struggle for Peace, Progress and Justice)	54,425	0.20%	0.16%	2	[hd 3]	0	0	0	0	0	0.0%
		Akbayan (Akbayan Citizens' Action Party)	34,239	0.12%	0.12%	2	0	1	0	0	1	1	0.0%	1
	Liberal coalition		10,817,770	39.22%	19.77%	165	95	22	85	9	4	112	38.6%	17
		NPC (Nationalist People's Coalition)	4,800,907	17.36%	1.40%	71	40	4	34	6	4	42	14.4%	2
		UNA (United Nationalist Alliance)	3,140,381	9.31%	9.31%	55	11	3	5	6	0	8	2.7%	3
		PDP-Laban (Philippine Democratic Party–People's Power)	281,320	1.02%	0.29%	13	[hd 4]	0	0	0	0	0	0.0%
		PMP (Force of the Filipino Masses)	144,030	0.52%	1.98%	11	[hd 5]	0	0	0	0	0	0.0%
		KABAKA (Partner of the Nation for Progress)	94,966	0.34%	0.14%	1	1	0	1	0	0	1	0.3%
		Magdiwang (Magdiwang Party)	23,253	0.08%	0.06%	1	0	0	1	0	0	1	0.3%	1
		1-Cebu (One Cebu)	21,936	0.08%	0.08%	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0.0%
	UNA coalition		3,705,886	11.36%	3.55%	82	12	3	7	6	0	10	3.4%	2
		NUP (National Unity Party)	2,402,097	8.69%	8.69%	34	30	0	24	6	0	24	8.2%	6
		Nacionalista (Nationalist Party)	2,364,400	8.55%	2.79%	44	20	5	13	7	0	18	6.2%	2
		Lakas (People Power–Christian Muslim Democrats)	1,472,464	5.33%	32.09%	24	18	0	13	5	1	14	4.8%	4
		Aksyon (Democratic Action)	97,982	0.35%	0.09%	8	0	0	0	0	0	0	0.0%
		Kambilan (Shield and Fellowship of Kapampangans)	96,433	0.35%	0.35%	1	0	1	0	0	0	1	0.3%	1
		Unang Sigaw (First Cry of Nueva Ecija–Party of Change)	94,952	0.35%	0.34%	1	0	1	0	0	0	1	0.3%	1
		KBL (New Society Movement)	94,484	0.34%	0.12%	1	1	0	1	0	0	1	0.3%
		United Negros Alliance	91,467	0.34%	0.34%	1	1	0	1	0	0	1	0.3%
		LDP (Struggle of the Democratic Filipinos)	90,070	0.33%	0.15%	4	1	1	1	0	0	2	0.7%	1
		Hugpong sa Tawong Lungsod (Party of the People of the City)	65,324	0.24%	0.24%	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0.0%
		CDP (Centrist Democratic Party of the Philippines)	68,281	0.25%	0.25%	1	1	0	1	0	0	1	0.3%
		Sulong Zambales (Forward Zambales)	60,280	0.22%	0.22%	1	1	0	0	1	0	0	0.0%	1
		PPP (Party of Change for Palawan)	57,485	0.21%	0.21%	1	0	1	0	0	0	1	0.3%	1
		Hugpong sa Tawong Lungsod (Party of the People of the City)	65,324	0.24%	0.24%	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0.0%
		Sulong Zambales (Forward Zambales)	60,280	0.22%	0.22%	1	1	0	0	1	0	0	0.0%	1
		PPP (Party of Change for Palawan)	57,485	0.21%	0.21%	1	0	1	0	0	0	1	0.3%	1
		Ang Kapatiran (Alliance for the Common Good)	19,019	0.07%	0.06%	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0.0%
		AZAP (Forward Zamboanga Party)	15,881	0.06%	0.06%	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0.0%
		PMM (Workers' and Farmers' Party)	10,396	0.04%	2.59%	4	0	0	0	0	0	0	0.0%
		PLM (Party of the Laboring Masses)	10,196	0.04%	0.04%	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0.0%
		Makabayan (Patriotic Coalition of the People)	3,870	0.01%	0.01%	2	0	0	0	0	0	0	0.0%
		Ompia (Ompia Party)	1,682	0.01%	0.01%	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0.0%
		DPP (Democratic Party of the Philippines)	1,071	0.00%	0.00%	1	0	0	0	0	0	0	0.0%
		Independent	1,665,324	6.02%	0.93%	172	4	4	1	3	1	6	2.1%	2
Vacancy			—	—	—	—	5	0	0	5	—	0	0.0%	5
Total			27,584,741	100%	N/A	628	229	44	180	44	10	234	80.1%	5
Valid votes			27,584,741	About 8.3 million votes are not included as they weren't included in the Transparency server. It is unknown which of those are valid or invalid votes.
Invalid votes			4,148,957
Turnout			40,144,207	75.77%	1.43
Registered voters (without overseas voters)			52,014,648	100%	2.54%

1. ↑ Of all 292 House members, including party-list representatives.
2. ↑ From last composition of the 15th Congress.
3. ↑ All incumbent KKK representatives are co-nominated by the Liberal Party.
4. ↑ All incumbent PDP-Laban representatives are running under the United Nationalist Alliance.
5. ↑ All incumbent PMP representatives are running under the United Nationalist Alliance.

Party-list election

Main article: Philippine House of Representatives party-list election, 2013

Philippines
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The Commission on Elections was supposed to release results for the party-list election along with the results for the Senate election; however, the commission suspended the release of results after questions of whether to include votes for the twelve disqualified parties, although not with finality, were to be included or not.^[7] Canvassing of results for the party-list election resumed on May 19 after the 12 senators-elect were already proclaimed, with the commission meeting to determine on what to do with the votes of the twelve disqualified parties.^[8] On May 22, the commission announced that they will proclaim the winning parties, but not the number of seats.^[9]

 Summary of the May 13, 2013 Philippine House of Representatives election results for party-list representatives^[10]

Party	Popular vote			Seats
	Total	%	Swing	Up	Won	+/−
Buhay	1,270,608	4.60%	0.33%	2	3	1
A TEACHER	1,042,863	3.77%	1.66%	2	2
Bayan Muna	954,724	3.46%	0.90%	2	2
1-CARE	934,915	3.38%	0.75%	2	2
Akbayan	829,149	3.00%	0.62%	2	2
Abono	768,265	2.78%	0.16%	2	2
AKB	763,316	2.76%	2.44%	3	2	1
OFW Family	752,229	2.72%	2.72%	0	2	2
GABRIELA	715,250	2.59%	0.84%	2	2
Senior Citizens	679,168	2.46%	1.96%	1[p 1]	2	1
Coop-NATCCO	642,005	2.32%	0.90%	2	2
AGAP	592,463	2.14%	0.38%	1	2	1
CIBAC	584,906	2.12%	0.11%	2	2
Magdalo	567,426	2.05%	2.05%	0	2	2
An Waray	541,205	1.96%	0.47%	2	2
ABAMIN	466,114	1.69%	0.40%	1	1
ACT Teachers	454,346	1.64%	0.37%	1	1
Butil	439,557	1.59%	0.14%	1	1
AMIN	382,267	1.38%	0.83%	0	1	1
ACT-CIS	377,165	1.37%	1.37%	0	1	1
Kalinga	372,383	1.35%	0.56%	1	1
LPGMA	370,897	1.34%	0.09%	1	1
TUCP	369,286	1.34%	0.50%	1	1
YACAP	366,621	1.33%	0.18%	1	1
AGRI	366,170	1.33%	1.16%	0	1	1
ANGKLA	360,497	1.30%	1.30%	0	1	1
ABS	359,587	1.30%	0.42%	1	1
DIWA	341,820	1.24%	0.42%	1	1
Kabataan	341,292	1.24%	0.19%	1	1
Anakpawis	321,745	1.16%	0.37%	1	1
Alay Buhay	317,355	1.15%	0.59%	1	1
AAMBIS-Owa	312,312	1.13%	0.09%	1	1
1-SAGIP	287,739	1.04%	1.04%	0	1	1
AVE	270,431	0.98%	0.24%	1	1
ATING Koop	267,763	0.97%	0.37%	1	1
Abang Lingkod	260,923	0.94%	0.83%	0	1	1
1-BAP	245,529	0.89%	0.89%	0	1	1
ABAKADA	244,754	0.89%	0.56%	0	1	1
AMA	244,026	0.88%	0.67%	0	1	1
Ang Nars	243,360	0.88%	0.88%	0	1	1
ANAC-IP	241,505	0.87%	0.87%	0	1	1
Agbiag!	240,841	0.87%	0.03%	1	1
Append	236,353	0.86%	0.86%	0	1	1
ALIF	223,857	0.81%	0.03%	1	0	1
Ating Guro	214,080	0.77%	0.77%	0	0
PBA	212,298	0.77%	0.11%	1	0	1
Aangat Tayo	207,855	0.75%	0.14%	1	0	1
Ang Kasangga	202,456	0.73%	0.28%	1	0	1
BH	190,001	0.69%	0.31%	1	0	1
KAKUSA	175,096	0.63%	0.17%	1	0	1
PISTON	174,976	0.63%	0.63%	0	0
Bayani	165,906	0.60%	0.34%	0	0
AKMA-PTM	165,784	0.60%	0.04%	0	0
ADA	164,702	0.60%	0.50%	0	0
1-AALALAY	162,552	0.59%	0.59%	0	0
Abante Retirees	161,915	0.59%	0.59%	0	0
Katribu	153,844	0.56%	0.17%	0	0
ALE	153,616	0.56%	0.56%	0	0
1JAMG	153,072	0.55%	0.25%	0	0
ABROAD	150,854	0.55%	0.03%	1	0	1
VFP	148,591	0.54%	0.01%	0	0
APEC	146,392	0.53%	0.54%	1	0	1
Pasang Masda	134,944	0.49%	0.37%	0	0
1 ang Pamilya	131,954	0.48%	0.26%	1	0	1
AGHAM	130,694	0.47%	0.36%	1	0	1
Ang Prolife	129,989	0.47%	0.47%	0	0
PACYAW	123,791	0.45%	0.04%	0	0
1-UTAK	123,489	0.45%	0.30%	1	0	1
1-LAMBAT	119,505	0.43%	0.43%	0	0
1-PABAHAY	117,516	0.43%	0.43%	0	0
Akap Bata	116,837	0.42%	0.05%	0	0
Abante KA	111,625	0.40%	0.31%	0	0
FIRM 24-K	103,316	0.37%	0.04%	0	0
ABA	102,021	0.37%	0.10%	0	0
Ang Ladlad	100,958	0.37%	0.02%	0	0
AANI	93,581	0.34%	0.14%	0	0
AA-KASOSYO	88,603	0.32%	0.27%	1	0	1
1BRO-PGBI	87,247	0.32%	0.32%	0	0
PWD	86,854	0.31%	0.31%	0	0
Sanlakas	86,145	0.31%	0.31%	0	0
ATM	81,378	0.29%	0.20%	0	0
AKO	80,398	0.29%	0.02%	0	0
ADAM	77,206	0.28%	0.06%	0	0
ARAL	76,838	0.28%	0.14%	0	0
KAAKBAY	71,534	0.26%	0.29%	0	0
ANG MINERO	67,807	0.25%	0.12%	0	0
ALIM	65,119	0.24%	0.06%	0	0
AASENSO	65,095	0.24%	0.24%	0	0
1-AAMOVER	59,844	0.22%	0.22%	0	0
AMA	58,886	0.21%	0.21%	0	0
1GANAP/Guardians	58,406	0.21%	0.20%	0	0
AKO BAHAY	51,806	0.19%	0.01%	0	0
Migrante	51,431	0.19%	0.19%	0	0
Alyansa ng OFW	51,069	0.18%	0.13%	0	0
UMALAB KA	45,492	0.16%	0.16%	0	0
ARC	45,120	0.16%	0.04%	0	0
ABP	44,324	0.16%	0.03%	0	0
A BLESSED	43,829	0.16%	0.05%	0	0
AAMA	42,853	0.16%	0.01%	0	0
ADING	42,819	0.15%	0.15%	0	0
ARARO	41,257	0.15%	0.35%	0	0
UNI-MAD	41,023	0.15%	0.05%	0	0
AMOR Seaman	40,955	0.15%	0.15%	0	0
MTM PHILS	40,218	0.15%	0.15%	0	0
AWAT Mindanao	39,206	0.14%	0.01%	0	0
Green Force	30,581	0.11%	0.04%	0	0
Agila	29,739	0.11%	0.25%	0	0
AMS	27,883	0.10%	0.04%	0	0
Alagad	27,400	0.10%	0.68%	1	0	1
AFPSEGCO	24,369	0.09%	0.04%	0	0
KLBP	21,900	0.08%	0.09%	0	0
1-ABILIDAD	19,381	0.07%	0.07%	0	0
ALLUMAD	7,642	0.03%	0.01%	0	0
Vacancy	—	—	—	1[p 1]	—	1
Valid votes	27,630,854	68.83%	8.00%	57	58*	1
ANAD	201,050	—		1	0	1
BINHI	185,987	—		0	0
BANTAY	113,989	—		0	0
COCOFED	103,626	—		0	0
Atong Paglaum	95,490	—		0	0
1ST KABAGIS	94,651	—		0	0
SMART	84,803	—		0	0
KAP	57,152	—		0	0
A-IPRA	28,263	—		0	0
AG	4,259	—		1	0	1
Invalid and blank votes	12,513,353	31.17%	8.00%
Total turnout	40,144,207	77.19%	2.85%
Registered voters	52,006,910	100%	1.33%

*2 seats still to be decided; while the Senior Citizens party-list has been approved its registration, its nominees had not yet been proclaimed due to an ongoing dispute on two sets of nominees.

1. 1 2 Senior Citizens originally had two representatives. When one of the Senior Citizens representatives resigned, the Commission on Elections refused to elevate the next person on the list as an elected representative after it was revealed to be a part of a term-sharing agreement which the commission prohibited.

Seat totals

Representation of the seats in the lower house; this is not how the seats are arranged. Unaffiliated local parties are in purple, and party-list representatives are in black.

Party/coalition		Seats
		District	Party-list	Totals	%
	Liberal coalition	112	2	114	39.0%
	NPC	43	0	43	14.7%
	NUP	24	0	24	8.2%
	Nacionalista	17	0	17	5.8%
	Lakas	14	0	14	4.8%
	UNA coalition	10	0	10	3.4%
	Makabayan	0	7	7	2.4%
	LDP	2	0	2	0.7%
	CDP	1	0	1	0.3%
	Kambilan	1	0	1	0.3%
	KBL	1	0	1	0.3%
	PPP	1	0	1	0.3%
	Unang Sigaw	1	0	1	0.3%
	United Negros Alliance	1	0	1	0.3%
	Other party-list representatives	0	11	49	16.8%
	Independent	6	0	6	2.1%
Totals		234	53	248	98.3%

Aftermath

Same as above, but showing district gains and losses.

Preliminary results states that President Aquino's allies winning an overwhelming majority of seats in the House of Representatives. This makes Aquino the only president enjoy majorities in both houses of Congress since the People Power Revolution of 1986. This is seen as an endorsement of the voters of Aquino's reformist agenda; although several key wins elsewhere by the United Nationalist Alliance and its allies would mean that Aquino's chosen successor may face a significant challenge in the 2016 presidential election.^[11]

Speaker Feliciano Belmonte, Jr. is seen to keep his speakership position with the Liberals winning at least 100 out of the 234 district seats. Majority Leader Neptali Gonzales II said that a great majority of incumbents are poised to successfully defend their seats, and that the Liberal Party are to be the single largest party in the lower house. The Nacionalista Party has at least 15 winning representatives, "a substantial number" of the 40 incumbents Nationalist People's Coalition are to hold their seats, and the 34-member National Unity Party House leader Rodolfo Antonino expects Belmonte to be reelected as speaker. The United Nationalist Alliance won three seats in Metro Manila, and at least 2 more seats outside the metropolis.^[12]

References