Mumbai Pune Expressway

Mumbai-Pune Expressway
Expressway map
Route information
Maintained by MSRDC
Length 94.5 km (58.7 mi)
Existed 2002 – present
Major junctions
West end Kalamboli, Navi Mumbai
East end Dehu Road, Pune
Location
States Maharashtra
Major cities Panvel, Khandala, Lonavala
Highway system
    Mumbai Pune Expressway

    The Mumbai-Pune Expressway is India's first six-lane concrete, high-speed, access controlled tolled expressway.[1] It spans a distance of 94.5 km connecting Mumbai, the capital of Maharashtra state and the financial capital of India, with Pune, the cultural capital of Maharashtra and an industrial and educational hub.[2] The expressway, which was fully operationalized in 2002, introduced new levels of speed and safety in automobile transportation to Indian roads.[3] It is one of India's busiest roads.[4]

    The expressway has reduced the travel time from Mankhurd where Mumbai city ends to Pune to about two hours. It has supplemented the older Mumbai-Pune National Highway (old NH 4) which had become extremely congested and accident-prone. (NH 4 has been renumbered NH 48 after renumbering of all national highways by National Highway Authority of India in 2010 year.) The expressway starts at Kalamboli (just before Panvel) and ends at Dehu Road (just before Pune). It cleaves through the scenic Sahyadri mountain ranges through passes and tunnels. It has six interchanges: Shedung, Chowk, Khalapur, Lonavala, Kusgaon and Talegaon.

    The expressway has two carriageways, each with three concrete lanes, separated by a central divider and a tarmac or concrete shoulder on either side. Vehicles with fewer than four wheels and agricultural tractors are not permitted, although tractor-trailers (semi-trailer rigs) are permitted. The expressway handles about 43,000 PCUs daily,[4] and is designed to handle up to 1,000,000 PCUs. This road has improved transport between these two metro cities.

    The expressway is not part of NHAI highway network (NH 4 Mumbai Chennai or NH 48 new numbering) and has been built, operated and maintained wholly by the Government of Maharashtra via Maharashtra State Road Development Corporation. NH 4/48(new) is another separate national highway that connects Mumbai to Pune.

    History

    The Mumbai-Pune Expressway at night as seen from Khandala, Pune district

    The Government of Maharashtra appointed RITES and Scott Wilson Kirkpatrick in 1990 to carry out feasibility studies for the new expressway to be operated on toll basis. RITES submitted its report in 1994 with the estimated cost of project at ₹11.46 billion (US$160 million).

    The government of Maharashtra entrusted the work of the construction of Mumbai-Pune expressway to MSRDC in March 1997 on Build-Operate-Transfer basis with permission to collect toll for 30 years. The Ministry of Environment and Forests, Government of India gave environmental clearance on 13 October 1997 and forest clearance on 11 November 1997.

    The tender notice was published in leading newspapers all over India and also on the Internet. Due to the wide publicity, 133 tenders were sold and 55 tenders were received on 18 December 1997. After technical and financial evaluation, work orders were given on 1 January 1998 to four contractors. Thereafter tenders for widening of Khandala and Lonavala-Khandala bypass works were invited. The tenders were received on 24 August 1998 and orders were issued on 4 September 1998.

    Construction

    The Mumbai-Pune Expressway as seen from Khandala, Pune district
    Mumbai-Pune Expressway as seen from Sahyadris
    A view of the expressway

    This six-lane project was completed under the stewardship of the Maharashtra State Road Development Corporation (MSRDC). The expressway cost ₹16.3 billion (US$230 million) to construct. The first sections opened in 2000, and the entire route was completed, opened to traffic and made fully operational from April 2002.

    Opening

    Prior to the opening of the Expressway in 2002, the fastest way to travel from Mumbai to Pune was the Deccan Queen train, which completed the journey in just under 3 hours. The railways had a very high market share vs road traffic on the route as the drive time between the 2 cities was between 7-8 hours, not including stops and traffic. Driving or taking a bus between Mumbai and Pune was not practical, especially due to the fact that the ghat road between Khopoli and Khandala was very treacherous in the monsoon season.

    When the Expressway opened, travel time between the cities reduced to 2-3 hours. This led to the demise of various luxury train services on the route, and the rise of various Volvo and Shivneri luxury bus service, serving Navi Mumbai, Pimpri, and Kothrud.

    The expressway initially opened without a posted speed limit. However, in 2009 a speed limit of 80km/h (50mph) was enacted as private cars got more powerful and could hit higher speeds more easily.

    Tunnels

    It has five illuminated, ventilated tunnels totalling 5,724 metres. These tunnels were built by the Konkan Railway Corporation Ltd.

    These are:

    Tunnels
    Tunnel Description
    1 Bhatan This tunnel opened in April 2000.
    The Mumbai-Pune (North) tube is 1,046 m and the Pune-Mumbai (South) tube is 1,086 m long.
    2 Madap This tunnel also opened in April 2000.
    The Mumbai-Pune (North) tube is 295 m and the Pune-Mumbai (South) tube is 351 m long.
    3 Adoshi This tunnel contains only a half part of the expressway which goes from Pune to Mumbai.
    The Mumbai-Pune carriageway skirts the eastern edge of the tunnel
    while the Pune-Mumbai carriageway traverses the 230-metre-long (750 ft) tunnel.
    4 Khandala This is a curved pair of tubes. The Mumbai-Pune (North) tube is 320 m
    and the Pune-Mumbai (South) tube is 360 m long.
    5 Kamshet-1 The Mumbai-Pune (North) tube is 935 m and the Pune-Mumbai (South) tube is 972 m long.
    6 Kamshet-2 The Mumbai-Pune (North) tube is 191 m and the Pune-Mumbai (South) tube is 168 m long.

    The entire length of expressway has a single layer of barbed wire fencing to keep out stray cattle.

    Distances

    Distances
    Description Distance
    1 Start of Expressway (Mumbai end) (19°01′11.47″N 73°06′13.21″E / 19.0198528°N 73.1036694°E / 19.0198528; 73.1036694) to Kon-Shedung interchange 8.5 km (5.3 mi)
    2 Kon-Shedung interchange to Bhatan tunnel 6.3 km (3.9 mi)
    3 Bhatan tunnel to Madap tunnel 10.6 km (6.6 mi)
    4 Madap tunnel to Khalapur toll station 7.3 km (4.5 mi)
    5 Khalapur toll station to Khalapur-Sajgaon gas station & rest area 1.6 km (0.99 mi)
    6 Khalapur-Sajgaon rest area to Adoshi tunnel.
    The Mumbai-Pune carriageway skirts the eastern edge of the tunnel
    while the Pune-Mumbai carriageway traverses the 230-metre-long (750 ft) tunnel.    		 6.9 km (4.3 mi)
    7 Adoshi tunnel to the old British-built Deccan-Konkan stone trestle.
    This is the site of the old (1830–1928) GIPR reversing station.    		 4.5 km (2.8 mi)
    8 Stone trestle to Khandala tunnel 0.8 km (0.50 mi)
    9 Khandala tunnel to Khandala 2.7 km (1.7 mi)
    10 Khandala to Tungarli 3.5 km (2.2 mi)
    11 Tungarli to Kamshet-1 tunnel 17.1 km (10.6 mi)
    12 Kamshet-1 tunnel to Kamshet-2 tunnel 1.2 km (0.75 mi)
    13 Kamshet-3 tunnel to Talegaon toll station 11.1 km (6.9 mi)
    14 Talegaon toll station to Somatne interchange 3.4 km (2.1 mi)
    16 Somatane interchange to End of Expressway (Pune end) (18°39′45.85″N 73°43′35.61″E / 18.6627361°N 73.7265583°E / 18.6627361; 73.7265583) 7.6 km (4.7 mi)
    Total length of Expressway: Start to End 93.1 km (57.8 mi)

    Toll Plazas

    Talegaon Toll Plaza

    Toll is collected at Khalapur (Pali Phata) (for the Mumbai-Pune direction) and at Talegaon (for the Pune-Mumbai direction). The toll ranges from ₹230 (US$3.20) for private cars, to ₹1,750 (US$24) for multi-axle trailer trucks. [5] The toll collection data is kept as secret as per the RTI raised by Vivek Velankar. The Expressway contract with the Ideal Road Builders (IRB) has been uploaded but the toll collection details are not there.[6] [7] There is no plan to give toll waiver for this expressway. [8]

    Accidents and Incidents

    The Expressway has witnessed a large number of auto accidents, attributed to human errors and the large volume of traffic. In the first 10 years since its opening, there were 1,758 accidents with more than 400 fatalities. Sporadic instances of robbery have also been reported in the highway.[9][10][11]

    On 28 May 2012, 27 people were reported to have died and another 26 injured in a road accident when a speeding tempo hit a stationary bus carrying passengers near Khalapur.[12][13]

    On 10 June 2010, at least 10 people were injured and 30 vehicles were damaged in a pileup near Kamshet which occurred when a MSRTC bus skidded inside a tunnel.[14]

    The heavy rains in June and July 2015 caused heavy landslides at Khandala and Adoshi tunnels, which prompted the PWD to remove loose rocks to prevent further landslides.[15] To carry out such works, the expressway near to the Lonavala exit till Khopoli exit was closed from 10 am to 5 pm for 10 days after the landslide near Adoshi tunnel on 18 July 2015 which took three lives and halted the traffic for two months. The boulders fell on both carriageways which caused huge diversion of traffic towards the old highway.[16]

    Future Expansion

    MSRDC has decided to extend the Mumbai Pune Expressway from the current endpoint of Kalamboli near Panvel and to extend it till Sion in Mumbai. The extended stretch will reduce commuting time between Mumbai and Pune by 30 minutes. Under the plan, the Sion Panvel Expressway corridor will be widened, with dedicated lanes for heavy and light vehicles. Service roads will be built for entry and exit at various points. It will also involve constructing a brand new bridge over the Thane creek parallel to the current Vashi Mankhurd Bridge. MSRDC will undertake the expansion project. Work is expected to commence in March 2009 and complete by September 2011. The new 22-km link is expected to cost ₹8 billion (US$110 million). As of July 2016 no work on this extension has been started.

    MSRDC is planning to widen the expressway from current 6 lane to 8 lane.[4] The proposal has been presented in Maharashtra Cabinet for approval.

    Naming

    The expressway was conceived and the work started when the BJP and Shiv Sena governed Maharashtra. Eventually, in 2009, the ruling coalition (Congress, NCP) named the expressway after the first Chief Minister of Maharashtra, Yashavantrao Chavan, an early member of the Congress party.

    Connecting Cities

    Apart from providing faster connectivity from Mumbai to Pune, the expressway has also connected cities like Satara, Sangli, Kolhapur, Belgaum, Hubli and Bangalore with Mumbai and reduced the travel time between these cities. A 34-kilometre-long (21 mi) road has been constructed which bypasses the Pune Metropolitan Area which has also eased the traffic. With the construction of the Pune Ring Road, the many faraway suburbs and financial districts of Pune would get a direct link to the expressway and would not have to cross the entire urban Pune area.

    See also

    References

    1. ↑ "Mumbai-Pune Expressway, India". Road Traffic Technology. Retrieved 2010-08-21.
    2. ↑ "Rs 7,000-cr project to add more lanes to expressway, NH-4". Indian express. Express News Agency. 6 February 2015. Retrieved 21 November 2015.
    3. ↑ "Expressway pune mumbai pune, mumbai pune mumbai, express high way nh-4 national highway no4". Punediary.com. Retrieved 2010-08-21.
    4. 1 2 3 "Mumbai-Pune expressway may soon have eight lanes". The Times Of India. 23 February 2013.
    5. ↑ Travelling to from Pune to Mumbai? Shell out Rs230 on E-way
    6. ↑ Why is Mumbai-Pune Expressway toll collection data a ‘secret’?
    7. ↑ MSRDC - Toll Monitoring Department
    8. ↑ Toll on Mumbai's five entry points to go; no waiver for Mumbai-Pune expressway
    9. ↑ "Asiad bus looted on expressway". Times of India. 23 February 2004. Retrieved 21 July 2010.
    10. ↑ Umbrajkar, Manish (13 May 2009). "MSRDC should handle security on e-way: Bokey". The Times of India. Retrieved 21 July 2010.
    11. ↑ "Expressway turns into a fast lane for robbers". The Times of India. 25 February 2002. Retrieved 21 July 2010.
    12. ↑ "26 killed in road accident on Mumbai-Pune expressway". The Times Of India. Retrieved 2012-05-28.
    13. ↑ "27 killed in accident on Mumbai-Pune expressway". Mumbai: Hindustan Times. 28 May 2012. Archived from the original on 31 May 2012. Retrieved 28 May 2012.
    14. ↑ "10 injured, 30 vehicles damaged in major pile-up on expressway". Pune: Dainik Bhaskar. 10 June 2012. Retrieved 15 June 2012.
    15. ↑ "Another landslide near Khandala disrupts Mumbai-Pune Expressway traffic - Times of India". The Times of India. Retrieved 2017-06-21.
    16. ↑ "Landslide on Pune-Mumbai Expressway kills 3, halts traffic - Times of India". The Times of India. Retrieved 2017-06-21.
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