Multi-cordoned ware culture

Multi-cordoned Ware culture or Multiroller ceramics culture, translations of the Russian: Культура многоваликовой керамики Kul'tura mnogovalikovoj keramiki (KMK),[1] also known as the Multiple-relief-band ware culture, the Babyno culture and the Mnogovalikovaya kul'tura (MVK), are archaeological names for a Middle Bronze Age culture of Eastern Europe. From approximately the 22nd to 18th centuries BCE, it occupied an area stretching from the Don to Moldavia, including Dnieper Ukraine, Right-bank Ukraine, and part of the modern Ternopil oblast, and was bordered by the Volga to the east.

KMK succeeded the western Catacomb culture. It was increasingly influenced, assimilated and eventually displaced by the Timber grave or Srubna/Srubnaya culture.[2][3][4][5] In c. 2000 – 1800 BCE bearers of KMK migrated southward into the Balkans.

The name of this culture is related to its ceramic goods, such as pots, which were decorated with multiple strips of clay (cordons) before firing. The culture also featured various other distinctive ornaments

KMK tribes practiced herding and made widespread use of chariots.

In 1929, the archaeologist Ya. Brik studied four kurgans of this culture near Ostapye village, Podvolochisk raion, Ukraine. He found ceramics, flint tools, bone and bronze decorations. Bottoms, walls and ceilings of the graves are layered with rocks. Skeletons are laid in contracted position towards the east.

Circumstantial evidence links KMK to the spread of one or more Indo-European languages. Leo Klejn identifies its bearers with the early Thracians. Other scholars suggest that KMK may have been connected to the Bryges and/or Phrygians.[6]

References

  1. ↑ Kohl, P.L. (2007). The Making of Bronze Age Eurasia. Cambridge University Press. p. 146. ISBN 9781139461993. Retrieved 2014-10-09.
  2. ↑ Валиковой керамики культура // БРЭ. Т.4. М.,2006.
  3. ↑ Киммерийский период // БРЭ. Т.13. М.,2008.
  4. ↑ Киммерийцы // БРЭ. Т.13. М.,2008.
  5. ↑ Евразийская степная металлургическая провинция // БРЭ. Т.9. М.,2007.
  6. ↑ The Phrygians are widely believed to have migrated later to eastern Anatolia, and to have been one of the precursors, along with the Mushki, of the Armenians.

Literature

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