Kvænangen

Kvænangen kommune
Návuona suohkan
Naavuonon komuuni
Municipality
Kvænangen fjord seen from the mountain plateau

Coat of arms
Troms within
Norway

Kvænangen within Troms
Coordinates: 69°53′39″N 21°58′49″E / 69.89417°N 21.98028°E / 69.89417; 21.98028Coordinates: 69°53′39″N 21°58′49″E / 69.89417°N 21.98028°E / 69.89417; 21.98028
Country Norway
County Troms
District Nord-Troms
Established 1863
Administrative centre Burfjord
Government
 • Mayor (2015) Eirik Losnegaard Mevik (Ap)
Area
 • Total 2,109.48 km2 (814.47 sq mi)
 • Land 2,008.65 km2 (775.54 sq mi)
 • Water 100.83 km2 (38.93 sq mi)  4.8%
Area rank #26 in Norway
Population (2017)
 • Total 1,233
 • Rank #378 in Norway
 • Density 0.6/km2 (2/sq mi)
 • Change (10 years) -8.7%
Demonym(s) Kvænangsværing[1]
Time zone UTC+01:00 (CET)
 • Summer (DST) UTC+02:00 (CEST)
ISO 3166 code NO-1943
Official language form Neutral
Website kvanangen.kommune.no
Data from Statistics Norway

Kvænangen (Northern Sami: Návuona suohkan; Kven: Naavuonon komuuni) is a municipality in Troms county, Norway. The administrative centre of the municipality is the village of Burfjord. The European route E6 highway goes through the municipality and over the Sørstraumen Bridge, and many people stop at the Kvænangsfjellet pass to view the scenery of the Kvænangen fjord.[2]

The 2,109-square-kilometre (814 sq mi) municipality is the 26th largest by area out of the 422 municipalities in Norway. Kvænangen is the 378th most populous municipality in Norway with a population of 1,233. The municipality's population density is 0.6 inhabitants per square kilometre (1.6/sq mi) and its population has dcreased by 8.7% over the last decade.[3]

General information

Kvænangen with the fjord, the glaciers and the rivers entering the fjord at the head of the main fjord.

The municipality of Kvænangen was established in 1863 when it was separated from the large Skjervøy Municipality. The initial population of Kvænangen was 1,677. During the 1960s, there were many municipal mergers across Norway due to the work of the Schei Committee. On 1 January 1965, the Meiland area (population: 12) of Skjervøy Municipality was transferred to Kvænangen. On 1 January 1972, the uninhabited area of Mannskarvik was transferred from Skjervøy to Kvænanagen.[4]

Name

The municipality is named after the Kvænangen fjord (Old Norse: Kven(a)angr). The first element is the plural genitive case of kven and the last element is angr which means "fjord". The district used to be mostly populated by Sámi people.[5]

Coat of arms

The coat of arms is from modern times; they were granted on 13 July 1990. The arms show three blue harebells on a gray or white background. The plant is a typical plant for the area with its harsh and cold climate.[6][2]

Churches

The Church of Norway has one parish (sokn) within the municipality of Kvænangen. It is part of the Nord-Troms prosti (deanery) in the Diocese of Nord-Hålogaland.

Churches in Kvænangen
Parish (Sokn)NameLocationYear built
KvænangenBurfjord ChurchBurfjord2009
Sekkemo ChurchSekkemo1956
Skorpa ChurchSkorpa1850

History

The municipality surrounds the Kvænangen fjord, after which it is named. The population is primarily of Sami origin, although the Kven population constitutes a sizeable minority. Archeological finds indicate nomadic activity in the area going back 10,000 years.

There is evidence that Kværnangen was the site for a transitional state between nomadic and agricultural society through what was known as "siida" - delimited areas where permanent housing was established and natural resources put under stewardship.

The Kvens settled in the area in the 18th century, occupying themselves with fishing, hunting, and agriculture. Over time, fisheries became a primary industry, and the community exported dried fish to southern areas. Ethnic Norwegians gradually immigrated to facilitate trade and administration.

Norwegian public policy in the 1930s and post-war years homogenized the three groups, ethnic Norwegians, Sami, and Kven, considerably, to the point that most residents speak Norwegian at home, regardless of their ethnic heritage. A majority of people in Kvænangen declared themselves Sami or Kven in the 1930 census. In the 1950 census, all but a handful declared themselves Norwegian.

During the Nazi occupation during World War II, a temporary work camp was established at Kvænangen. In large part due to the generosity of the local population, prisoners had ample food. As the German Wehrmacht retreated in early 1945, the population was evacuated by force, and all buildings were burned. Today, a local museum shows typical reconstruction houses.

Geography

The main E6 road goes through Kvænangen

The municipality has coastal and plains geography, extending into Finnmarksvidda. There are mature pine forests in the valley at the head of the fjord, and there are several rivers, the largest of which is Kvænangselva, which is traditionally a good salmon-fishing river.

Winter in Burfjord valley, Kvænangen.

The Øksfjordjøkelen glacier is located in the northern part of the municipality on the border with Loppa. It's the ninth largest glacier in mainland Norway. The lake Šuoikkatjávri is located in the southern part of the municipality on the border with Kautokeino. The Langfjordjøkelen is another glacier in northern Kvænangen.

There are several islands in the fjord that are part of Kvænangen municipality: Skorpa, Spildra, and Nøklan.

Climate

climate type is dominated by the winter season, a long, bitterly cold period with short, clear days, relatively little precipitation mostly in the form of snow, and low humidity. The Köppen Climate Classification subtype for this climate is "Dfc". (Continental Subarctic Climate).[7]

Climate data for Kvænangen
Month Jan Feb Mar Apr May Jun Jul Aug Sep Oct Nov Dec Year
Average high °C (°F) −2
(28)		 −2
(29)		 0
(32)		 3
(37)		 8
(46)		 13
(55)		 16
(60)		 14
(58)		 10
(50)		 5
(41)		 1
(34)		 −1
(31)		 5
(41)
Average low °C (°F) −8
(18)		 −7
(19)		 −5
(23)		 −2
(28)		 2
(36)		 6
(43)		 9
(49)		 8
(47)		 5
(41)		 1
(33)		 −3
(26)		 −6
(21)		 0
(32)
Average precipitation mm (inches) 36
(1.4)		 33
(1.3)		 33
(1.3)		 23
(0.9)		 23
(0.9)		 30
(1.2)		 50
(2)		 50
(2)		 43
(1.7)		 53
(2.1)		 41
(1.6)		 41
(1.6)		 460
(18.1)
Source: Weatherbase [8]

Government

All municipalities in Norway, including Kvænangen, are responsible for primary education (through 10th grade), outpatient health services, senior citizen services, unemployment and other social services, zoning, economic development, and municipal roads. The municipality is governed by a municipal council of elected representatives, which in turn elect a mayor.[9] The municipality falls under the Nord-Troms District Court and the Hålogaland Court of Appeal.

Municipal council

The municipal council (Kommunestyre) of Kvænangen is made up of 15 representatives that are elected every four years. Currently, the party breakdown is as follows:[10]

Kvænangen Kommunestyre 2015–2019
Party NameName in NorwegianNumber of
representatives
 Labour PartyArbeiderpartiet6
 Progress PartyFremskrittspartiet1
 Conservative PartyHøyre2
 Socialist Left PartySosialistisk Venstreparti1
 Local ListsLokale lister5
Total number of members:15

Notable people

Notable people that were born or lived in Kvænangen include:

References

  1. ↑ "Navn på steder og personer: Innbyggjarnamn" (in Norwegian). Språkrådet. Retrieved 2015-12-01.
  2. 1 2 Store norske leksikon. "Kvænangen" (in Norwegian). Retrieved 2010-04-07.
  3. ↑ Statistisk sentralbyrå (2017). "Table: 06913: Population 1 January and population changes during the calendar year (M)" (in Norwegian). Retrieved 2017-09-09.
  4. ↑ Jukvam, Dag (1999). "Historisk oversikt over endringer i kommune- og fylkesinndelingen" (PDF) (in Norwegian). Statistisk sentralbyrå.
  5. ↑ Rygh, Oluf (1911). Norske gaardnavne: Troms amt (in Norwegian) (17 ed.). Kristiania, Norge: W. C. Fabritius & sønners bogtrikkeri. p. 189.
  6. ↑ "Civic heraldry of Norway - Norske Kommunevåpen". Heraldry of the World. Retrieved 2018-08-02.
  7. ↑ Climate Summary for Nordstraum (closest city on record to Kvænangen)
  8. ↑ "Weatherbase.com". Weatherbase. 2013. Retrieved 2013-05-20.
  9. ↑ Hansen, Tore, ed. (2016-05-12). "kommunestyre". Store norske leksikon (in Norwegian). Kunnskapsforlaget. Retrieved 2018-08-02.
  10. ↑ "Table: 04813: Members of the local councils, by party/electoral list at the Municipal Council election (M)" (in Norwegian). Statistics Norway.

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