Foreign relations of Azerbaijan

Azerbaijan
This article is part of a series on the
politics and government of
Azerbaijan
See also

Azerbaijan is a member of the United Nations, the Non-Aligned Movement, the Organization for Security and Cooperation in Europe, NATO's Partnership for Peace, the Euro-Atlantic Partnership Council, the World Health Organization, the European Bank for Reconstruction and Development; the Council of Europe, CFE Treaty, the Community of Democracies; the International Monetary Fund; and the World Bank.

Azerbaijan has formal involvement with senior ex-U.S. government officials including James Baker and Henry Kissinger, as they serve on the Honorary Council of Advisors[1] of the U.S.-Azerbaijan Chamber of Commerce (USACC). USACC is co-chaired by Tim Cejka, President of Exxon Mobil Corporation and Reza Vaziri, President of R.V. Investment Group and Chairman of the Anglo Asian Mining Plc (LSE Ticker: AAZ).[2]

International organization participation

AsDB, BSEC, CE, CIS, EAPC, EBRD, ECE, ECO, ESCAP, FAO, GUAM, IAEA, IBRD, ICAO, ICRM, IDA, IDB, IFAD, IFC, IFRCS, ILO, IMF, IMO, Interpol, IOC, IOM, ISO (correspondent), ITU, ITUC, OAS (observer), OIC, OPCW, OSCE, PFP, United Nations, UNCTAD, UNESCO, UNIDO, UPU, WCO, WFTU, WHO, WIPO, WMO, WToO, WTrO (observer)

Countries

Diplomatic missions of Azerbaijan.

Azerbaijan currently has diplomatic relations with 158 countries:[3][4] Afghanistan, Bahrain, Belarus, Belgium, Bulgaria, Canada, the People's Republic of China, Denmark, Egypt, France, Georgia, Germany, Greece, Hungary, Iran, Iraq, Republic of Ireland, Israel, Italy, Japan, Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan, Kuwait, Libya, Luxembourg, Mexico, Moldova, Mongolia, Netherlands,Nicaragua, Norway, Oman, Pakistan, Poland, Qatar, Republic of India, Romania, Russia, Saudi Arabia, Serbia, South Korea, Spain, Sweden, Switzerland, Tajikistan, Togo, Turkey, Turkmenistan, Ukraine, United Arab Emirates, United Kingdom, United States, Uzbekistan and Vietnam.[5]

Azerbaijan is one of the few countries with predominantly Muslim populations that shares a strategic alliance with Israel. Today, Israel is a major arms supplier[6] to the country. (See Azerbaijan–Israel relations).

Azerbaijan also maintains good relations with the European Union, in the framework of its Eastern European Neighbourhood Policy (See Azerbaijan and the European Union).

Information on some of the countries with which Azerbaijan maintains formal relations


Africa

Country Formal Relations Began Notes
 Angola1 December 1994[7]
 Burkina Faso31 May 2004[8]
 Comoros2 February 2010[9]
 DR Congo23 October 2011[10]
 Djibouti22 October 1996[11] See Azerbaijan–Djibouti relations
 Equatorial Guinea11 November 2004[12]
 Eritrea20 April 2004[13]
 Ethiopia2 November 1992[14]
 Kenya31 May 2004[8]
 Lesotho28 September 2012[10]
 Malawi21 May 2004[15]
 Morocco25 December 1992[16]
  • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Rabat since 2005.
  • Morocco has an embassy in Baku.
 Nigeria11 March 1992[10]
 Rwanda31 May 2004[8]
 Swaziland7 January 2010[17]
 South Africa29 April 1992[18]
 Togo29 December 2010[19]

Americas

Country Formal Relations Began Notes
 Argentina8 November 1992[20] See Argentina–Azerbaijan relations
 Bahamas2 May 2017[10]
 Brazil21 October 1993[23] See Azerbaijan–Brazil relations
 Canada10 July 1992[26] See Azerbaijan–Canada relations
  • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Ottawa.[27]
  • Canada is accredited to Azerbaijan from its embassy in Ankara, Turkey.[28]
 Chile11 January 1995[29]
 Colombia13 December 1994[31]
  • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Bogotá.
  • Colombia has an embassy in Baku.[32]
 Cuba27 March 1992[33]
  • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Havana.
  • Cuba has an embassy in Baku.
 Dominican Republic12 November 2007[34]
 Ecuador22 March 2004[35]
 Grenada23 September 2010[36]
 Mexico14 January 1992[37] See Azerbaijan–Mexico relations
 Nicaragua10 February 1994[40]
  • Azerbaijan is represented in Nicaragua through its embassy in Havana,Cuba.
  • Nicaragua is represented in Azerbaijan through its embassy in Moscow, Russia.[41]
 Paraguay20 April 2004[42]
 Peru25 June 1996[43]
  • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Lima.
  • Peru has an embassy in Baku.[44]
 Saint Lucia11 March 2010[45]
 Trinidad and Tobago11 April 2011[46]
 United States1919,
28 February 1992		 See Azerbaijan–United States relations

On 25 December 1991 President George H. W. Bush announced that the United States recognized the independence of all 12 former Soviet republics, including Azerbaijan.[47]

 Uruguay12 January 1995[50] See Azerbaijan–Uruguay relations
  • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Montevideo.
  • Uruguay is accredited to Azerbaijan from its embassy in Tehran, Iran.
 Venezuela12 May 1995[51]
  • Azerbaijan does not have an accreditation to Venezuela.
  • Venezuela has an embassy in Baku.

Asia

Country Formal Relations Began Notes
 Armenia1918–1921

Armenia and Azerbaijan do not have diplomatic relations today.

 See Armenia–Azerbaijan relations, Nagorno-Karabakh War

The neighboring nations of Armenia and Azerbaijan have had formal governmental relations between 1918–1921, when both countries were briefly independent. The two nations have fought two wars in 1918–20 (Armenian–Azerbaijani War) and in 1988–94 (Nagorno-Karabakh War), in the past century, with last one ended with provisional cease fire agreement signed in Bishkek. There are no formal diplomatic relations between the two countries, because of the ongoing Nagorno-Karabakh conflict and dispute. In 2008, Azerbaijani president Ilham Aliyev declared, "Nagorno Karabakh will never be independent; the position is backed by international mediators as well; Armenia has to accept the reality," and "in 1918, Yerevan was granted to the Armenians. It was a great mistake. The khanate of Iravan was the Azeri territory, the Armenians were guests here."[52]

During the Soviet period, many Armenians and Azeris lived side by side in peace. However, when Mikhail Gorbachev introduced the policies of Glasnost and Perestroika, the majority of Armenians from the Nagorno-Karabakh Autonomous Oblast (NKAO) of the Azerbaijan SSR began a movement to unify with the Armenian SSR. In 1988, the Armenians of Karabakh voted to secede and join Armenia. This, along with mutual massacres in Azerbaijan and Armenia resulted in the conflict that became known as the Nagorno-Karabakh War. The violence resulted in de facto Armenian control of former NKAO and seven surrounding Azerbaijani regions, which was effectively halted when both sides agrees to observe a cease-fire, which has since been in effect since May 1994, and in late 1995 both also agreed to mediation of the OSCE Minsk Group. The Minsk Group is currently co-chaired by the U.S., France, and Russia and comprises Armenia, Azerbaijan, Turkey, and several Western European nations. Despite the cease fire, up to 40 clashes are reported along the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict lines of control each year.

The two countries are still technically at war. Citizens of the Republic of Armenia, as well as citizens of any other country who are of Armenian descent, are forbidden entry to the Republic of Azerbaijan.

If a person's passport shows any evidence of travel to Nagorno-Karabakh, they are forbidden entry to the Republic of Azerbaijan.[53]

In 2008, in what became known as the 2008 Mardakert Skirmishes, Armenia and Azerbaijan clashed over Nagorno-Karabakh. The fighting between the two sides was brief, with few casualties on either side.[54]

 China2 April 1992
 Cyprus Azerbaijan formally recognizes the government of the Republic of Cyprus as the sole representative of the island, but has not yet established diplomatic relations with Cyprus. The parliament of Azerbaijan's Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic issued a resolution recognizing the Turkish Republic of Northern Cyprus as a sovereign state. While this recognition is not regarded by Azerbaijan and internationally as 'official state-to-state', Azerbaijan itself maintained cordial unofficial relations with the TRNC. In 2004, Azerbaijan threatened to formally recognize the TRNC if the Annan Plan was voted down by the Greek Cypriots (who rejected the plan in one of twin referendums held 24 April 2004 in both the Greek and Turkish zones simultaneously), but backed off the threat when it was pointed out by Cyprus that doing so would be hypocritical, as a portion of its territory just like that of Cyprus itself is under occupation and would probably result in negative impact on its ongoing dispute with Armenia over Nagorno-Karabakh.[56]
 Georgia1918,
18 November 1992		 See Azerbaijan–Georgia relations
 India28 February 1992 See Azerbaijan-India relations
 Iran1918,
12 March 1992		 See Azerbaijan–Iran relations
  • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Tehran and a consulate-general in Tabriz.
  • Iran has an embassy in Baku and a consulate-general in Nakhchivan City.
  • Both countries are full members of the Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO) and the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC).
  • Iran recognized Azerbaijan on 4 January 1992, upgraded its consulate in Baku to establish full diplomatic relations.[47][57]
 Israel7 April 1992 See Azerbaijan–Israel relations
  • Azerbaijan is one of the few majority Muslim countries to develop bilateral strategic and economic relations with Israel.[58]
  • Israel was one of the first countries to recognize Azerbaijan on December 25, 1991.[59]
 Japan7 September 1992
 Jordan13 February 1993[62]
 Kazakhstan27 August 1992 See Azerbaijan–Kazakhstan relations
  • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Astana.
  • Kazakhstan has an embassy in Baku since 16 December 1994.
 Lebanon18 September 1992[63]
  • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Beirut
 Pakistan9 June 1992See Azerbaijan–Pakistan relations
  • Pakistan was the second country to recognize Azerbaijan after Turkey following the dissolution of the USSR.
  • Pakistan is among the first countries to open an embassy in Baku.[64]
  • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Islamabad.[65]
  • Both countries are full members of the Economic Cooperation Organization (ECO) and the Organisation of Islamic Cooperation (OIC).
  • Due to its support of Azerbaijan in the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict, Pakistan does not recognize Armenia as a state.[66]
  • Azerbaijan has also expressed its support for Pakistan's stand on Kashmir.[67]
 Palestine15 April 1992 See Azerbaijan–Palestine relations
  • Palestine has an embassy in Baku since 2011.
 Saudi Arabia24 February 1992[68]
  • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Riyadh since 1994.
  • Saudi Arabia has an embassy in Baku since 1999.
  • Due to its support of Azerbaijan in the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict, Saudi Arabia refuses to establish diplomatic relations with Armenia.[69]
 South Korea23 March 1992
  • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Seoul.
  • South Korea has an embassy in Baku.
  • Bilateral Trade agreement was signed in 2014
    • Exports 269.5 million USD.
    • Imports 0.54 million USD.
 Syria28 March 1992[70]
 Turkey1918,
14 January 1992		 See Azerbaijan–Turkey relations
  • Turkey was the first country to recognise Azerbaijan's independence following the dissolution of the USSR.
  • Turkey has been a staunch supporter of Azerbaijan in its efforts to consolidate its independence, preserve its territorial integrity and realize its economic potential.
  • Due to its support of Azerbaijan in the Nagorno-Karabakh conflict, Turkey refuses to establish diplomatic relations with Armenia.
 United Arab Emirates1 September 1992[71]

Europe

Country Formal Relations Began Notes
 Albania23 September 1992[72]See Albania–Azerbaijan relations
 Austria20 February 1992
 Belarus11 June 1993 See Azerbaijan–Belarus relations
 Belgium17 June 1992
 Bulgaria5 June 1992
 Croatia26 January 1995
 Czech Republic29 January 1993
 Denmark2 April 1992[81] See Azerbaijan-Denmark relations
 Estonia20 April 1992 See Azerbaijan-Estonia relations
 France21 February 1992
 Germany20 February 1992[84]
 Greece2 April 1992 See Azerbaijan–Greece relations
Hungary Hungary27 April 1992 See Azerbaijan–Hungary relations
Republic of Ireland Ireland1 July 1996
  • Azerbaijan is represented in Ireland through its embassy in London (United Kingdom).[89]
  • Ireland is represented in Azerbaijan through its embassy in Ankara (Turkey).
 Italy8 May 1992 See Azerbaijan–Italy relations
 Latvia11 January 1994
 Lithuania27 November 1995
 Macedonia28 June 1995[93]
  • Macedonia has an economic office in Baku.
 Netherlands1 April 1992
  • Azerbaijan has an embassy in The Hague.[94]
  • The Netherlands has an embassy in Baku.[95]
 Poland21 February 1992 See Azerbaijan-Poland relations
  • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Warsaw.
  • Poland has an embassy in Baku.
 Portugal 4 August 1992[96] See Azerbaijan-Portugal relations
 Romania21 June 1992 See Azerbaijan–Romania relations
 Russia4 April 1992 See Azerbaijan–Russia relations
 Serbia21 August 1997 See Azerbaijan–Serbia relations
  • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Belgrade.
  • Serbia has an embassy in Baku.
 Spain11 February 1992[98]
  • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Madrid.
  • Spain has an embassy office in Baku.
 Sweden8 May 1992
  Switzerland21 January 1992 See Azerbaijan–Switzerland relations
 Ukraine1919,
6 February 1992		 See Azerbaijan–Ukraine relations
 United Kingdom1918,
11 March 1992		 See Azerbaijan – United Kingdom relations


Oceania

Country Formal Relations Began Notes
 Australia19 June 1992[107]
  • Australia is accredited to Azerbaijan from its embassy in Ankara, Turkey.
  • Azerbaijan has an embassy in Canberra.
 Fiji19 March 2010[108]
 Marshall Islands10 March 2010[109]
 Nauru11 November 2004[12]
 New Zealand29 June 1992[110]
  • Azerbaijan is accredited to New Zealand from its embassy in Canberra, Australia.
  • New Zealand is accredited to Azerbaijan from its embassy in Moscow, Russia.
 Solomon Islands8 February 2011[10]
 Tuvalu9 September 2009[111]
 Vanuatu2017[112]

No relations

Diplomatic relations of Azerbaijan:
  Diplomatic relations established
  No diplomatic relations established

As of 2017, Azerbaijan maintains diplomatic relations with 178[10] states (including Palestine[113] and the Vatican City) and the European Union. Azerbaijan has not yet established diplomatic relations with:[114]

Disputes

Nagorno-Karabakh/Armenia

The frozen conflict over currently largely Armenian-populated region of Nagorno-Karabakh within the Republic of Azerbaijan began when in 1988 the Armenian majority of Nagorno-Karabakh demanded autonomy with demonstrations and persecutions against ethnic Azeris following in Armenia. This led to anti-Armenian rioting in Azerbaijan, with Azerbaijani militias beginning their effort to expel Armenians from the enclave. In 1992 a war broke out and pogroms of Armenians and Azeris forced both groups to flee their homes. In 1994, a Russian-brokered ceasefire ended the war but more than 1 million ethnic Armenians and Azeris are still not able to return home. The conflict over Nagorno-Karabakh remains unresolved despite negotiations, that are ongoing since 1992 under the aegis of the Minsk Group of the OSCE, to resolve the conflict peacefully.[115][116]

Caviar diplomacy

The European Stability Initiative (ESI) has revealed in a report from 2012 with the title "Caviar diplomacy: How Azerbaijan silenced the Council of Europe", that since Azerbaijan's entry into the Council of Europe, each year 30 to 40 deputies are invited to Azerbaijan and generously paid with expensive gifts, including caviar (worth up to 1.400 euro), silk carpets, gold, silver and large amounts of money.[117][118] In return they become lobbyists for Azerbaijan. This practice has been widely referred to as "Caviar diplomacy".[119]

ESI also published a report on 2013 Presidential elections in Azerbaijan titled "Disgraced: Azerbaijan and the end of election monitoring as we know it". The report revealed the ties between Azerbaijani government and the members of certain observation missions who praised the elections.[120] Azerbaijan's "Caviar diplomacy" at 2013 presidential elections sparked a major international scandal, as the reports of two authoritative organizations Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe/European Parliament and OSCE/ODIHR completely contradicted one another in their assessments of elections.[121][122][123][124]

Non-governmental anti-corruption organization Transparency International has regularly judged Azerbaijan to be one of the most corrupt countries in the world[124][125] and has also criticized Azerbaijan for the "Caviar diplomacy".[119][126]

At June 2016 the public prosecutor of Milan has accused the former leader of the (Christian) Union of the Center and of the European People's Party of the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe Luca Volonte of accepting large bribes from representatives of the Azerbaijani government.[127] Two people with high-level experience of the Council of Europe’s parliamentary assembly (Pace) have told the Guardian they believe its members have been offered bribes for votes by Azerbaijan. Former Azerbaijani diplomat, Arif Mammadov, alleged that a member of Azerbaijan's delegation at the Council of Europe had €30m (£25m) to spend on lobbying its institutions, including the Council of Europe assembly.[128] PACE ratified the terms of reference of an independent external investigation body to carry out a detailed independent inquiry into the allegations of corruption at the council involving Azerbaijan.[129]

ESISC report

On 6 March 2017, ESISC (European Strategic Intelligence and Security Center) published a scandalous report called "The Armenian Connection" where it veraciously attacked human rights NGOs and research organisations criticising human rights violations and corruption in Azerbaijan, Turkey, and Russia.[130]

ESISC in that report asserted that "Caviar diplomacy" report elaborated by ESI aimed to create climate of suspicion based on slander to form a network of MPs that would engage in a political war against Azerbaijan.[131] In the Second Chapter of the report called "The Armenian Connection: «Mr X», Nils Muižnieks, Council of Europe Commissioner for Human Rights" that was published on 18 April 2017 ESISC asserted that the network composed of European PMs, Armenian officials and some NGOs: Human Rights Watch, Amnesty International, "Human Rights House Foundation", "Open Dialog, European Stability Initiative, and Helsinki Committee for Human Rights , was financed by the Soros Foundation. According to ESISC the key figure of the network since 2012 has been Nils Muižnieks, Commissioner for Human Rights of the Council of Europe and the network has served to the interests of George Soros and the Republic of Armenia.[132]

"The report is written in the worst traditions of authoritarian propaganda, makes absurd claims, and is clearly aimed at deflecting the wave of criticism against cover-up of unethical lobbying and corruption in PACE and demands for change in the Assembly", said Freedom Files Analytical Centre.[130]

According Robert Coalson (Radio Free Europe), ESISC is a part of Baku's lobbying efforts to extend to the use of front think tanks to shift public opinion.[133]

European Stability Initiative said that "ESISC report is full of lies (such as claiming that German PACE member Strasser holds pro-Armenian views and citing as evidence that he went to Yerevan in 2015 to commemorate the Armenian genocide, when Strasser has never in his life been to independent Armenia)".[134]

See also

Further reading

  • Valiyev, Anar: "Azerbaijan and the North Caucasus: A Pragmatic Relationship" in the Caucasus Analytical Digest No. 27
  • Hübner, Gerald: "Foreign Direct Investment in Azerbaijan—the Quality of Quantity" in the Caucasus Analytical Digest No. 28
  • Abbasov, Shahin: "Azerbaijan's Eurovision Story: Great Chances to Improve, But No Political Will" in the Caucasus Analytical Digest No. 32
  • Mazziotti, Marius; Sauerborn, Djan; Scianna, Bastian Matteo: "Multipolarity is key: Assessing Azerbaijan's foreign policy"

References

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  4. ↑ "Azerbaijan International. Directory. Azerbaijan Embassies Abroad". Archived from the original on 15 January 2010. Retrieved 21 April 2010.
  5. ↑ National Holiday of Uzbekistan marked in Baku , AzerTAj
  6. ↑ "Iranian adversary reveals it bought $5 billion of weapons from Israel". The Jerusalem Post | JPost.com. Retrieved 2017-05-03.
  7. ↑ Azerbaijan - Angola relations.
  8. 1 2 3 Азербайджан установил дипломатические отношения с Буркина-Фасо, Руандой и Кенией "Рол" 31 мая 2004 г.
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  10. 1 2 3 4 5 6
  11. ↑ Azərbaycan – Cibuti münasibətləri
  12. 1 2
  13. ↑ Азербайджан установил дипотношения с Эритреей и Парагваем. Day.az. 27 April 2004.
  14. ↑ Азербайджан открывает посольство в Эфиопии. 1news.az. 28 December 2012.
  15. ↑ Азербайджан установил дипотношения с Республикой Малави Day.Az 27 Мая 2004
  16. ↑ Azərbaycan Respublikasının Mərakeş Krallığındakı Səfirliyinin kurasiyasında olan ölkələrlə ikitərəfli münasibətlər
  17. ↑ Азербайджан и Свазиленд установили дипломатические отношения Day.Az 7 января, 2010
  18. ↑ Посол Азербайджана в ЮАР встретился с преподавателями и студентами Преторийского университета Vesti.Az 1 November 2012.
  19. ↑ Azərbaycan ilə Toqo arasında diplomatik əlaqələr qurulub. Trend. 29 December 2010.
  20. ↑ Bilateral relations between Argentina and Azerbaijan
  21. ↑ Embassy of Argentina in Azerbaijan
  22. ↑ Embassy of Azerbaijan in Argentina
  23. ↑ Bilateral relations between Azerbaijan and Brazil
  24. ↑ of Azerbaijan in Brasília
  25. ↑ Embassy of Brazil in Baku
  26. ↑ "Embassy of Azerbaijan". Archived from the original on 5 February 2015. Retrieved 20 February 2015.
  27. ↑ Embassy of Azerbaijan in Ottawa
  28. ↑ Embassy of Canada in Ankara (in English, French and Turkish)
  29. ↑ Bilateral relations between Azerbaijan and Chile
  30. ↑ Embassy of Chile in Turkey
  31. ↑ Bilateral relations between Azerbaijan and Colombia
  32. ↑ Embassy of Colombia in Baku
  33. ↑ The relations between the Republic of Azerbaijan and the Republic of Cuba
  34. ↑ Азербайджан установил дипломатические отношения с Доминиканкой Республикой Archived 26 March 2012 at the Wayback Machine. "1news.az " 13 November 2007
  35. ↑
  36. ↑ Между Азербайджаном и Гренадой подписано коммюнике об установлении дипломатических связей "Информационное агентство TREND " 24 September 2010
  37. ↑ Bilateral relations between Azerbaijan and Mexico
  38. ↑ Embassy of Azerbaijan in Mexico City
  39. ↑ Embassy of Mexico in Baku (in Spanish)
  40. ↑ "Nicaragua fortalece relaciones con la República de Azerbaiyán". Retrieved 20 February 2015.
  41. ↑ "Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores de Nicaragua". Archived from the original on 19 February 2015. Retrieved 20 February 2015.
  42. ↑ Азербайджан установил дипотношения с Эритреей и Парагваем Day.Az 28 Апреля 2004
  43. ↑ Bilateral relations between Azerbaijan and Peru
  44. ↑ Peruvian Ministry of Foreign Affairs
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  47. 1 2 James P. Nichol. Diplomacy in the Former Soviet Republics, Praeger/Greenwood, 1995, ISBN 0-275-95192-8, p. 150
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  50. ↑ Bilateral relations between Azerbaijan and Uruguay
  51. ↑ Diplomatic relations of Azerbaijan
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  53. ↑ Azerbaijan Country Page Archived 8 March 2009 at the Wayback Machine.. NCSJ: Advocates on Behalf of Jews in Russia, Ukraine, the Baltic States & Eurasia. Accessed 23 May 2010.
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  58. ↑ "caucaz.com". Retrieved 20 February 2015.
  59. ↑ Azerbaijan–Israel relations
  60. ↑ "Welcome to Embassy of the Republic of Azerbaijan in Japan!". Retrieved 20 February 2015.
  61. ↑ Embassy of Japan in Azerbaijan Archived 15 June 2009 at the Wayback Machine.
  62. ↑ AZERBAIJAN - JORDAN RELATIONS.
  63. ↑
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  65. ↑ Embassy of Azerbaijan in Pakistan Archived 8 May 2009 at the Wayback Machine.
  66. ↑ Harut Sassounian. Armenia Finally Counters Pakistan’s Anti-Armenian Policies. The Armenian Weekly. November 29, 2016
  67. ↑
  68. ↑ Azerbaijan, Saudi Arabia discuss prospects of military cooperation. Azernews. 7 February 2018
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  74. ↑ "Außenministerium Österreich - Botschaft - Baku". Retrieved 20 February 2015.
  75. ↑ "Embassy of Azerbaijan in Belarus". Retrieved 20 February 2015.
  76. ↑ "AZEMBASSY BELGIUM". Retrieved 20 February 2015.
  77. ↑ "専業主婦の借り入れ｜すぐ審査の通る今日中に". Retrieved 20 February 2015.
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  79. ↑ Embassy of Azerbaijan in Croatia Archived 15 January 2013 at the Wayback Machine.
  80. ↑ Embassy of Azerbaijan in the Czech Republic Archived 5 June 2009 at the Wayback Machine.
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  82. ↑ Azerbaijani embassy in Paris
  83. ↑ French embassy in Baku Archived 16 February 2009 at the Wayback Machine.
  84. ↑ "Information on history of bilateral relations". berlin.mfa.gov.az. Retrieved 2018-01-26.
  85. ↑ "Willkommen auf der Startseite". Retrieved 20 February 2015.
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  91. ↑ Italian embassy in Azerbaijan
  92. ↑ Azerbaijani embassy in Riga
  93. ↑
  94. ↑ Flexible Solution. "Embassy of the Republic of Azerbaijan to the Kingdom of the Netherlands". Retrieved 20 February 2015.
  95. ↑ "Nederlandse Ambassade in Bakoe, Azerbeidzjan". Retrieved 20 February 2015.
  96. ↑ "Azerbaijan - Portugal relations" (PDF). www.mfa.gov.az. Retrieved 2018-03-27.
  97. ↑ "Посол Российской Федерации в Азербайджанской Республике » Посольство Российской Федерации в Азербайджанской Республике". Retrieved 20 February 2015.
  98. ↑ Azerbaijan - Spain relations
  99. ↑ "Azerbajdzjan". Retrieved 20 February 2015.
  100. ↑ "Switzerland". Retrieved 20 February 2015.
  101. ↑ Swiss embassy in Baku
  102. ↑ State Secretariat for Economic Affairs SECO, Economic Cooperation and Development Azerbaijan Archived 17 July 2007 at the Wayback Machine.
  103. ↑ "Embassy of Azerbaijan in Ukraine". Retrieved 20 February 2015.
  104. ↑ "Embassy of Ukraine in Azerbaijan". Retrieved 20 February 2015.
  105. ↑ "EMBASSY OF THE REPUBLIC OF AZERBAIJAN - Home". Retrieved 20 February 2015.
  106. ↑ "UK and Azerbaijan". Retrieved 20 February 2015.
  107. ↑ Azerbaijan - Australia Relations
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  109. ↑ Азербайджан и Маршалловы острова установили дипломатические отношения Archived 1 December 2010 at the Wayback Machine. "1NEWS.az " 12.03.2010
  110. ↑ Azerbaijan - New Zealand Relations
  111. ↑ Между Азербайджаном и Тувалу установились дипломатические отношения Archived 6 July 2011 at the Wayback Machine. "AZE.Az" 16 Сентября 2009
  112. ↑ Азербайджан установил дипломатические отношения с Вануату "Ekho Kavkaza" 27 September 2017
  113. ↑
  114. ↑ Azerbaijan MFA – diplomatic relations Archived 8 March 2012 at the Wayback Machine.
  115. ↑ "Fighting Intensifies in Armenian-Azerbaijani War". The New York Times. p. 10. Retrieved 6 August 2013.
  116. ↑ Armenia and Azerbaijan still skirting war in Nagorno-Karabakh. thestar.com. 20 February 2013. Retrieved 6 August 2013
  117. ↑ Aserbaidschan: Die Kaviar-Diplomatie (German). Der Tagesspiegel. Retrieved August 3, 2013
  118. ↑ ESI Caviar Diplomacy: How Azerbaijan silenced the Council of Europe Part 1
  119. 1 2 Europe's caviar diplomacy with Azerbaijan must end. EUobserver. Retrieved April 6, 2014
  120. ↑ "Disgraced. Azerbaijan and the end of election monitoring as we know it." 5 November 2013, Berlin
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  122. ↑ Osservatorio Balcani e Caucaso. "Europe, Azerbaijan, and caviar". Osservatorio Balcani e Caucaso. Retrieved 20 February 2015.
  123. ↑ European MPs' praise for Azerbaijan election sparks row BBC News, 17 October 2013
  124. 1 2 Plush hotels and caviar diplomacy: how Azerbaijan's elite wooed MPs The Guardian 24 November 2013
  125. ↑ Transparency International e.V. "Transparency International - Country Profiles". Retrieved 20 February 2015.
  126. ↑ How Baku’s ‘caviar diplomacy’ neutered Europe’s rights standards Archived 5 December 2013 at the Wayback Machine.. Democracy Digest. Retrieved August 4, 2013
  127. ↑ Corruzione, "tangente da due milioni dall’Azerbaijan": indagato a Milano ex Udc Volontè // Corriere della Sera, 25 June 2016
  128. ↑ Fresh claims of Azerbaijan vote-rigging at European human rights body // The Guardian. 20 April 2017
  129. ↑ Corruption inquiry at Council of Europe over Azerbaijan // BBC, 30 may 2017
  130. 1 2 AN EXPLORATION INTO AZERBAIJAN’S SOPHISTICATED SYSTEM OF PROJECTING ITS INTERNATIONAL INFLUENCE, BUYING WESTERN POLITICIANS AND CAPTURING INTERGOVERNMENTAL ORGANISATIONS // Freedom Files Analytical Centre (Civic Solidarity Platform), March 2017
  131. ↑ "The Armenian Connection: How a secret caucus of MPs and NGOs, since 2012, created a network within the Parliamentary Assembly of the Council of Europe to hide violations of international law". www.esisc.org. Retrieved 2017-04-26.
  132. ↑ "The Armenian Connection. Chapter 2: " Mr X ", Nils Muižnieks, Council of Europe Commissioner for Human Rights". www.esisc.org. Retrieved 2017-04-26.
  133. ↑ Baku Smooths Over Its Rights Record With A Thick Layer Of Caviar // Radio Free Europe, November 08, 2013
  134. ↑ Merchants of Doubt or investigating Corruption // ESI, 21 April 2017
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