Croatian local elections, 1940

Croatian local elections, 1940
19 May 1940

 
Party HSS SDK SDS
Coalition HSS-SDS
Municipalities 425 106 27
Municipalities +/- Decrease87
Mandates 9,385 1,708 767
 
Party JRZ SRN
Municipalities 20 4
Municipalities +/- Decrease88 Increase4
Mandates 489 54
counties (kotari) of Banovina of Croatia
Croatia
Coat of arms
This article is part of a series on the
politics and government of
Croatia
Constitution

The 1940 Croatian local elections were held in 625 municipalities of the Banovina of Croatia on 19 May 1940. The Croatian Peasant Party (HSS) won a majority in 425 municipalities. The Peasant-Democratic Coalition (SDK), a coalition of the HSS and the Independent Democratic Party (SDS), won 106 municipalities, the SDS won 27 municipalities, while the Yugoslav Radical Union (JRZ) won 20.[1][2] The elections were not held in cities and some Adriatic counties bordering or adjacent to Italy due to WWII. Only men older than 24 were allowed to vote. Voting was public and conducted by voice.

Background

After Croatian Peasant Party (HSS) under Vladko Maček in August 1939 managed to achieve its main goal, Croatian autonomy in Yugoslavia, by creating Banovina of Croatia, it had to face many new and difficult challenges in taking political responsibility in Croatia and addressing the hopes and expectations of the electorate. Due to the outbreak of the World War II, political leaders in Yugoslavia wanted to appease Germany and align the country with the Third Reich, tying their exports in vital war materials (aluminium, grain etc.) to Germany. Dire economic situation that resulted from the WWII heavily struck the impoverished peasants and workers in Croatia, still recovering from the Depression of the 1930s. The price of food in Croatia rose by between 50% (beef) and 100% (flour, potatoes, beans) between August 1939 and the summer of 1940.[3] Gaping social inequality and the disappointment with the lack of profound political and social change that many expected to occur after Croatia gained its autonomy soon resulted in the rise of support for the Communists and right-wing extremists. Protests and demonstrations against the rising living costs, food and fuel shortages, high unemployment and inequality, as well as the approaching of the war, became ever more often. HSS authorities responded by persecuting trade unions, communists, underground ustaše, as well as Yugoslav and Serb nationalists, increasingly relying on its paramilitary, Zaštita. During a communist protest in Split on December 17, 1939, the police fired at the crowd, injuring many and killing young shipyard worker and communist party member, football player Vicko Buljanović. His funeral the next day drew a crowd of 25,000 while 12,000 participated in a mass strike in Split and the surrounding region.[4]

After terrorist attacks that included planting explosives in public locations in Zagreb, in February 1940 Croatian government banned fascist ustaše periodicals (among which Hrvatski narod) and interned 50 ustaše members in Lepoglava prison, among which Mile Budak.[5]

Under the August 1939 agreement that established the Croatian autonomy, it was envisaged that the Croatian parliament, Sabor, would be elected. Since August 1939, in absence of a Croatian legislature, ban Šubašić governed through decrees and executive orders. Finally, on January 14th, Regent Paul visited Croatia's capital, Zagreb, and co-signed the electoral law for Sabor elections. In preparation of these elections to elect the first Croatian legislature since Sabor of Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia was elected in 1913, the local elections in municipalities were about to take place. The last local elections of 1936 and the most recent parliamentary elections of 1938, despite being marred by regime violence, police obstruction and occasional casualties, showed strong support for the HSS-led opposition to the ruling parties and the King of Yugoslavia.

In April, Ban of Croatia Ivan Šubašić (HSS) issued an executive order detailing the rules for the local elections. The list that gains relative majority was to be assigned a third of the seats in the council, while the remaining two thirds were to be divided among the lists relative to their votes under the proportional d'Hondt method. Under the old rules, the party with relative majority was immediately assigned two-thirds of the seats.[6] The council president (mayor) was to be elected on a secret ballot in the council, but does not necessarily have to be a councilman. Municipal clerks (notaries, treasuries) became Banovina's employees, not local ones. Ban of Croatia also had the right to regroup the municipalities, dissolve them, and change their borders. Šubašić used this right to regroup municipalities in Posavina, in Derventa, Brčko and Gradačac districts.

On April 22, Šubašić called the elections for May 19. Due to the WWII engulfing most of Europe and the Royal Yugoslav Army being placed at the higher level of alertness, many men were called to serve with the reserve troops or to take part in the army maneuvers. HSS decided not to call the elections in cities, but just municipalities. In cities, HSS-led Croatian government appointed HSS members as mayors or commissioners. In April, after the increased Serb nationalist activities refuting the Cvetković-Maček agreement, the government also dissolved the municipalities in Serb-majority Kistanje and Obrovac. Smilčić and Skradin municipalities were also dissolved.[7]

On May 10th, German army attacked the Low Countries and France, intensifying the war. Netherlands surrendered on 15 May. By 17 May, Germans occupied Brussels and overran most of Belgium, reaching the French channel. These events had a deep impact on public opinion in Yugoslavia.

Political situation in Europe in May 1940

Women's vote

Yugoslav magazine Žena danas ("Woman Today") started campaigning in October 1939 to extend the suffrage to women. Socialist trade unions and communists in Croatia supported the action. However, the women's organisation of HSS opposed it, declaring that the party leadership will decide when the best moment to introduce women's suffrage in Croatia is.[8]

Campaign

Croatian Ban Ivan Šubašić (with the Panama hat), HSS chairman Vladko Maček (middle) and Zagreb Archbishop Alojzije Stepinac opening the Sava Bridge in Zagreb, December 1939

Ban Šubašić visited less developed regions in Lika and Dalmatia in late 1939, promising public works on infrastructure. Secretary-general of the Croatian Peasant Party, Juraj Krnjević, toured Croatia, visiting municipal and district party organizations, trying to settle some disputes, unite fractions and revert splits in the party. For instance, the differences in opinion on certain appointments and on the issue of supporting the metal workers' strike in Slavonski Brod alienated the district party organisation from the national HSS leadership; as Brod HSS refused to toe the party line and split into many factions, the entire district organisation was dissolved in March 1940, despite the 37-6 vote of confidence in the Brod party chairman.[9] In general, Krnjević tried to assuage dissidents and remind the party cadre of the importance of the elections. While he had some success in Dubrovnik, still, according to historian G. Jakovčev, there were as many as 70 lists by HSS dissidents in Dalmatia alone[10] (e.g. Ston,[11] Šipan,[11] Makarska, etc.). Krnjević also tried to address the economic concerns, declaring at a rally in Split that Croatia has to be more equal and that HSS will not allow some to be millionaires while others are hungry.[12] Maček tried to downplay the importance of the elections, going as far as saying that he does not attach "any political importance" to it, as many local and even personal particularities play a role in them. In a circular note to HSS organisations he reminded them to consider economic interests first when choosing candidates for councilmen and mayors.[12] However, it was still important to eliminate anti-agreement forces (JRZ in particular) from positions of power in Croatia and show HSS and SDS' strength.

External image
HSS secretary-general Krnjevic at a speech in 1939

Due to the royal Yugoslav regime's ban and persecution since 1921, Croatian communists had to run in the elections as the Party of the working people (Croatian Stranka radnog naroda, SRN). According to historian Sibe Kvesić, the gendarmerie and the local authorities frequently harassed the communists and their supporters, spreading rumours and threatening voters who intended to vote for the communists.[13] In some places, the judicial or administrative authorities pressed hard to bar the SRN putting the candidates due to any petty mistakes.[14][13]

Political opponents of Cvetković-Maček agreement and the establishment of Banovina of Croatia had different strategies for contesting the elections. Yugoslav people's party (JNS) in Croatia, chaired by Grga Andjelinović, chose not to contest the elections, while it advised party cadre and fractions under senator Petar Zec to still put up lists in some municipalities together with the Yugoslav radicals (JRZ) and other Serb parties.[15][16] These were usually named "nonpartisan Serb lists." Serb nationalists claimed that the Banovina of Croatia was Maček's dictatorship and that only a unitary and centralised Kingdom of Yugoslavia could bring prosperity to Croatian Serbs. Some of them openly advocated secession of Serb-majority municipalities and counties from Banovina of Croatia and joining neighbouring, Serb-majority Vrbas Banovina. JRZ chairman, Yugoslav prime minister Cvetković, called Serbs of Croatia to cast their votes for JRZ as a show of support for unitary Yugoslavia.

On May 1, Croatian communists organised a mass strike in Zagreb to commemorate the International Workers' Day, claiming strike participation rate close to 90%. Protesting workers clashed with the police and HSS paramilitary (Zaštita), resulting in numerous wounded and injured.[17] This was the first time in Kingdom of Yugoslavia the workers decided to organize mass strikes and protests on May 1.[18]

On May 17, just two days ahead of the elections, Ban Šubašić postponed indefinitely the elections in municipalities in Kastav, Čabar, Delnice, Sušak, Benkovac and Šibenik district. The Croatian government officially stated that it exempted them due to their proximity to the Adriatic military area surrounding important naval harbors. Namely, this operational zone was put under alert after the begin of the WWII due to its bordering Italy or being adjacent to Italian coast, as Yugoslavia was weary of an Italian attack. However, others suspected that the elections were not held there due to some of these municipalities being communist strongholds (such as Tisno, Zlarin and Vodice, where communists won in 1936) as an expected communist victory there would make HSS weaknesses very visible.[19] At the same time, Ban Šubašić postponed the elections in Brčko and Gradačac district and Konavle municipality for May 26, and in Derventa district as well as Pazarište, Brestovsko, Kloštar Ivanić, Bosiljevo, Šamac and Cvetlin municipalities for June 2.[20]

Voting

Only men older than 24 were allowed to vote. Voting was public; a voter had to loudly declare his name and the list he wanted to vote for. In many municipalities, the only list contesting the elections the HSS one.[11] In some municipalities (Andrijaševci, Retkovci, Opuzen, Gunja and Farkaševac), clashes between the voters and incidents occurred so the elections had to be repeated or postponed for a week.[21] Elections were held in 620 municipalities on May 19, while some counties voted a week later or in June.[22] After Šubašić's reshuffling in March and April, Croatia had altogether 720 municipalities at the time.[23]

Due to gerrymandering of municipal borders just before the elections, most notably in attaching JRZ-leaning Cavtat to HSS-leaning Gruda to form a new municipality (Konavle)[24] south of Dubrovnik or Independent Democratic Party (SDS)-advocated border changes in Bosanska Posavina around Odžak, some Bosniaks and Serbs boycotted the elections there.[25]

Election results

The election showed some weakening of the HSS' position and the dissatisfaction of the population with the prevalent conditions. After the local elections in 1936, HSS won majority in 512 out of 612 municipalities in Sava and Littoral banovina, roughly corresponding with the later-established Banovina of Croatia.[26] In littoral banovina, in 1936 HSS won 75 out of 94 municipalities (80%).[27] Despite the fact that in 1939 around 20 municipalities were added to Croatia aside from Sava and Littoral banovina, HSS alone won majority in just 425 municipalities. For instance, Communists won the majority in the councils of Sinj,[28] Trogir, Komiža and Vrboska (2/3 majority),[29] a third of votes in Omiš,[13] and a quarter in Makarska[30] in Dalmatia. In Vrgorac, communists came second and won 8 seats in the council, while in Smiljan they lost by mere 4 votes in repeated elections, also winning 8 seats in the council.

The results were especially poor showing for Yugoslav radical union (JRZ), which won majority in just 21 municipalities, compared to 108 they held power in before the elections. In 195 municipalities with absolute or relative Serb majority, out of 121,429 voters JRZ and independent Serb lists won 36,502 votes, SDS alone 15,183 while HSS-SDS coalition (SDK) won 44.262 votes.[31]

Independent German ethnic lists won majority in 5 municipalities. Ethnic Germans ran on other lists, too, mostly on HSS tickets. Joint HSS-German list won in one municipality. Altogether, ethnic Croatian Germans won 177 mandates in 45 municipalities.[32]

Turnout

As the 1936 local elections were used by the HSS-led Croatian opposition to wrestle some self-government from the central Yugoslav authorities, the turnout stood at around 80%.[27] The turnout in 1940 was significantly lower in many areas, partially reflecting the dissatisfaction and the lack of interest of the population. For instance, as the communists were administratively barred from contesting the elections in Vis, many chose to abstain in protest, bringing the turnout to 50%. In Osijek district as a whole, the turnout was 50.89% (4,708 voted out of 9,250),[33] in Drniš it was 52.11%, while In Daruvar district the turnout was 48% (4,076 voted). At some parts of Daruvar area it was as low as 21%. On the other hand, Royal Yugoslav Armed forces mobilized many men fit for military service in its 1939/40 mobilization.

Overall

Political party Mandates % Municipalities %
Croatian Peasant Party
Hrvatska seljačka stranka		 9,385 425
Peasant-Democratic Coalition
Seljačko demokratska koalicija		 1,708 106
Independent Democratic Party
Samostalna demokratska stranka		 767 27
Croatian Peasant Party and Muslims
Hrvatska seljačka stranka i Muslimani		 149 4
Yugoslav Radical Union
Jugoslavenska radikalna zajednica		 489 20
Serb non-partisan list
Vanstranačka srpska lista		 262 18
Other lists
Ostale liste		 262 21
Workers' lists (communists)
Radnicke liste		 54 4
Total 13,076 625

Municipalities

Municipality Elected mayor Party Notes
Komiža Petar Marinković-Dubra[34] Stranka radnog naroda 15 mandates SRN, 7 mandates HSS; 60% votes for SRN
Vis Ivan Farolfi HSS
Trogir Ivan Maravić Pavela[35] Lista saveza radnika i seljaka 34 mandates communists, 2 mandates HSS
Makarska Juraj Jurišić[36] HSS
Vrboska Stranka radnog naroda 2/3 of votes[29]
Stari Grad HSS
Sinj Vice Buljan Stranka radnog naroda 26 out of 36 councilmen
Nin Frane Glavan[37] HSS HSS 36 mandates[38]
Vranjak JNS dissidents
Orebić Šime Krstelj[11] HSS only list
Kuna Josip Lukšić[11] HSS only list
Trpanj Franjo Glavina[11] HSS only list
Janjina Mato Matković[11] HSS only list
Slano Ivo Milić[11] HSS only list
Mljet Niko Kunić[11] HSS only list
Lopud Niko Glavinović[11] HSS only list
Orašac Pero Cvjetković[11] HSS only list
Konavle HSS only list,[11] elections on May 26
Mirkovci Serb non-partisan list[39]
Novi Jankovci Serb non-partisan list[39]
Bobota Serb non-partisan list[39] Serb non-partisan list 12 mandates
Borovo Serb non-partisan list[39] Serb non-partisan list 17, SDS 1
Gaboš Serb non-partisan list[39] Serb non-partisan list 9, SDS 3
Marinci Serb non-partisan list[39]
Šid Serb non-partisan list[39]
Otok Serb non-partisan list[39]
Ston Stijepo Matić[40] Non-partisan list
Šipan Božo Palunko[40] Non-partisan list
Donji Lapac Milojko Majstorović[41] Non-partisan list Majstorović was a Communist party candidate member; JRZ contested with Jandro Vlatković
Veljun Milić Gojsović[42] SDS 4,931 votes (75,8%)
Cetingrad Mijo Mravunac[42] HSS
Drežnik Grad Zvonimir Pavlić[42] HSS
Rakovica Rade Klarić[42] SDS
Slunj Mile Paulić[42] HSS
Primišlje Dušan Grubor[42] SDS
Drniš Zvonko Alfirević Nakić[43] HSS 3,050 votes out of 4,202 (31 out of 36 councilmen); Serb non-partisan list 3 seats, turnout 52.11%
Sveti Križ Začretje Stjepan Valjavec[44] HSS
Novigrad Podravski Petar Grahovac[45]
Promina Krste Radas[46] HSS HSS 30 mandates[38]
Krndija Kulturbund[47] German list
Vela Luka Petar Padovan-Kolega[48] HSS Communists won 241 votes and 5 mandates
Smiljan don Blaž Tomljenović[49] HSS HSS 24 mandates[50] (initially) Won with just 7 votes more than the communists; in repeated elections won by 4 votes. Communists won 8 seats in the council
Punat Mate Mrakovčić[51] ?
Ludbreg Ljudevit Vrančić[51] non-partisan list beat incumbent, HSS mayor Nikola Miškulin
Obrovac Danilo Sekulić[51] SDK deputy mayor Leopold Ivezić
Sela Jandro Čipor[51] Seljačko-radnički savez SRS 17, HSS 8 mandates
Blato Ivo Šeparović HSS Communists won 470 votes and 7 mandates
Vrgorac HSS Communists won 8 mandates
Omiš HSS Communists won a third of the votes and 6 mandates
Aljmaš HSS[52] HSS dissident list contested
Čepin HSS[52] non-partisan list contested
Erdut HSS[52] non-partisan list contested
Ernestinovo HSS[52] German ethnic list contested
Hrastin HSS[52] SDS, JRZ contested
Jovanovac HSS[52] only list
Laslovo HSS[52] HSS dissident list contested
Retfala HSS[52] non-partisan list contested
Sarvaš HSS[52] German ethnic list contested
Tenja JRZ[52] German ethnic list came second, SDS third and HSS last
Dalj SDS[52] Zbor contested
Bijelo Brdo SDS[52] Zbor and JRZ contested
Dragalić HSS[53] all 12 mandates
Medari SDK[53] SDK 21, Serb non-partisan list 3 mandates
Okučani Serb non-partisan list[53] Serb non-partisan list 24, SDK 12 mandates
Stara Gradiška HSS[53] HSS 17, non-partisan list 1 mandates
Rajić SDK[53] SDK 23, non-partisan list 1 mandates
Antin HSS[53] HSS 12 mandates
Berak HSS[53] HSS 18 mandates
Bogdanovci HSS[53] HSS 12 mandates
Svinjarevci HSS[53] HSS 12 mandates
Tordinci HSS[53] HSS 12 mandates
Nuštar HSS[53] HSS 18 mandates
Opatovac HSS[53] HSS 12 mandates
Krnjak JRZ[53] JRZ 28, SDS 2 mandates
Tušilović JRZ[53] JRZ 14, SDS 4 mandates
Vrginmost JRZ[53] JRZ 19, SDS 5 mandates
Bršadin JRZ[53] JRZ 10, SDS 2 mandates
Petrovci SDS[53] SDS all 18 mandates
Bović SDS[53] SDS all 20 mandates
Markušica SDS[53] SDS all 24 mandates
Barilović SDK[53] SDK all 24 mandates
Čakovci SDK[53] SDK all 12 mandates
Mikluševci SDK[53] SDK all 12 mandates
Topusko SDK[53] SDK 20, JRZ 4 mandates
Korog SDK[53] SDK 11, JRZ 1 mandates
Vera SDS[53] SDS 9, JRZ 3 mandates
Trpinja SDS[53] SDS 9, Agrarian party 2, JRZ 1 mandates
Negoslavci SDS[53] SDS 8, JRZ 4 mandates
Lasinja SDS[53] SDS-led Serb coalition 28, HSS 8 mandatesv
Čermenica SDS[53] SDS 19, JRZ 2, non-partisan list 3 mandates
Pačetin SDS[53] SDS 12, JRZ 6 mandates
Vojnić SDS[53] SDS 24, JRZ 4 mandates
Krstinja SDS[53] SDS 26, JRZ 4 mandates
Perjasica SDS[53] SDS 20, JRZ 4 mandates
Ostrovo non-partisan list[53] all 12 mandates
Tompojevci HSS[53] HSS 9, German ethnic list 3 mandates
Sotin HSS[53] HSS 8, German ethnic list 4 mandates
Lovas HSS[53] HSS 9, German ethnic list 8 mandates
Cerić HSS[53] HSS 8, German ethnic list 4 mandates
Mazinci Serb non-partisan list[53] Serb non-partisan list 8, SDK 4 mandates
Donji Čaglić Joco Mihajlović[54] JRZ JRZ 15, independent list (Ivan Vladar) 4 mandates
Dragović Lazo Ratković[54] JRZ JRZ 15, HSS (Dolfi Podobnik) 3, SDS (Mile Bosanac) 2 mandates
Antunovac Stjepan Cing[54] HSS HSS all 18 mandates
Poljana Mijo Strganac[54] HSS HSS all 18 mandates
Badljevina Mato Lujanac[54] SDK SDK all 20 mandates
Bučić Stojan Milošević[54] SDS SDS 25, JRZ 5 mandates
Gaj Valentin Opić[54] SDK SDK 10, Hungarian list 2 mandates
Kukunjevac Spasoja Krajnović[54] SDK SDK 12, JRZ 4 mandates
Lipik Valerijan Žiga[54] HSS HSS 10, HSS dissidents 2, non-partisan list 4 mandates
Pakrac Antun Erb[54] SDK SDK 12, workers'list (Dragutin Pilar) 2 mandates
Daruvar (vanjski) Tomo Vujković[55] JNS-JRZ-Zbor 14 mandates JNS-JRZ-Zbor, 6 mandates HSS
Daruvar (trgovište) Lazo Vezmar[55] HSS 16 mandates HSS, 2 mandates non-partisan list (Aleksandar Jovanović)
Bijela Jovan Zailac[55] non-partisan list all 18 mandates
Dežanovac Vencel Nađ[55] non-partisan list all 16 mandates
Veliki Bastaji Božo Zabrdac[55] Serb non-partisan list 11 mandates, SDK 5 mandates
Sirač Antun Hamp[55] HSS HSS all 12 mandates
Uljanik Ivan Štefko[55] non-partisan Peasant list 13 mandates, other non-partisan list 3 mandates
Daruvarski Brestovac Rudolf Urlich[55] HSS HSS all 16 mandates
Končanica Franjo Holubek[55] HSS two HSS lists contested
Miokovićevo Lazar Grujić[55] SDS SDS 16, HSS 8 mandates
Andrijevci HSS[56]
Bebrina HSS[56]
Beravci HSS[56]
Brodski Drenovac HSS[56]
Brodski Stupnik HSS[56]
Brodski Varoš HSS[56]
Garčin HSS[56]
Kaniža HSS[56]
Klakar HSS[56]
Oriovac HSS[56]
Podcrkavlje HSS[56]
Podvinje HSS[56]
Sibinj HSS[56]
Svilaj HSS[56]
Velika Kopanica HSS[56]
Trnjani SDK[56]
Slavonski Kobaš SDK[56]
Lužani SDK[56]
Jarmina German non-partisan list[47]
Hrastovac German non-partisan list[47]
Šidski Banovci German non-partisan list[47]
Vinkovačko Novo Selo German non-partisan list[47]
Brčko HSS 2,030 votes for HSS (all 36 mandates)[57]
Bosanski Šamac HSS 1,607 votes for HSS (all 36 mandates)[57]
Donja Mahala HSS 1,387 votes for HSS (all 36 mandates)[57]
Tramošnica HSS 977 votes for HSS (33 mandates), 296 votes for JRZ (3 mandates)[57]
Čelić HSS 699 votes for HSS (29 mandates), 295 votes for JRZ (7 mandates)[57]
Gornji Rahić HSS 750 votes for HSS (27 mandates), 469 votes for JRZ (9 mandates)[57]
Bukvik HSS 981 votes for HSS (all 36 mandates)[57]
Obudovac Serb non-partisan list 474 votes for Serb non-partisan list (25 mandates), 384 votes for JRZ (10 mandates), 55 votes for Zbor (1 mandate)[57]
Brezovo Polje Davidović group 329 votes for Davidović group (18 mandates), 277 votes for Stanojević group (7 mandates), 213 votes for JRZ (5 mandates)[57]
Brinje Mile Prpić SDK SDK 24 mandates[50]
Jezerane HSS HSS 30 mandates[50]
Donji Lapac SDK SDK 30 mandates, Serb non-partisan list 6 mandates[50]
Srb Serb non-partisan list Serb non-partisan list 22 mandates, SDK 8 mandates[50]
Gospić Luka Hećimović HSS HSS 31 mandates, Serb non-partisan list 4 mandates, SDK 1 mandate[50]
Karlobag HSS HSS 24 mandates[50]
Lički Osik HSS HSS 21 mandates, Common Serb list 9 mandates[50]
Medak SDS SDS 23 mandates, Common Serb list 11 mandates, JRZ 2 mandates[50]
Bruvno SDK SDK 17 mandates, JRZ 7 mandates[50]
Lovinac HSS HSS 28 mandates, JRZ 2 mandates[50]
Gračac SDK SDK 23 mandates, Serb non-partisan list 10 mandates, JNS 3 mandates[50]
Mazin Serb non-partisan list Serb non-partisan list 15 mandates, SDK 3 mandates[50]
Zrmanja JRZ JRZ 24 mandates, SDK 6 mandates[50]
Bunić SDK SDK 22 mandates, Serb non-partisan 8 mandates[50]
Korenica Serb non-partisan list Serb non-partisan list 20 mandates, SDS 10 mandates[50]
Plitvička Jezera SDK SDK 11 mandates, Serb non-partisan list 1 mandate[50]
Brlog HSS HSS 24 mandates, Serb non-partisan list 6 mandates[50]
Dabar SDK SDK 13 mandates, Serb non-partisan list 5 mandates[50]
Otočac HSS HSS 33 mandates, Serb non-partisan list 3 mandates[50]
Sinac HSS HSS 30 mandates[50]
Škare Serb non-partisan list Serb non-partisan list 21 mandates, SDK 2 mandates[50]
Vrhovine Serb non-partisan list Serb non-partisan list 25 mandates, SDK 5 mandates[50]
Kosinj SDK SDK 19 mandates, Serb non-partisan list 1 mandate[50]
Pazarište HSS HSS 30 mandates[50]
Perušić SDK SDK 30 mandates[50]
Jablanac HSS HSS 24 mandates[50]
Krivi Put HSS HSS 18 mandates[50]
Sveti Juraj HSS HSS 24 mandates[50]
Podlapac SDK SDK 18 mandates, Serb non-partisan list 6[50]
Udbina Serb non-partisan list Serb non-partisan list 21 mandates, SDK 9 mandates[50]
Biograd HSS HSS 36 mandates[38]
Zemunik HSS HSS 36 mandates[38]
Knin Serb non-partisan list Serb non-partisan list 27 mandates, SDK 9 mandates[38]
Božava HSS HSS 18 mandates[38]
Preko HSS HSS 36 mandates[38]
Sali HSS HSS 28 mandates[38]
Silba HSS HSS 24 mandates[38]
Veli Iž HSS HSS 24 mandates[38]
Plaški SDK SDK all 20 mandates[58]
Josipdol SDK SDK all 24 mandates[58]
Modruš HSS HSS all 24 mandates[58]

Aftermath

Elected municipal council members met after the elections to constitute the council and elect the municipality mayor among themselves. Communist council members in Trogir and Vis refused to take an oath of loyalty to the king and consequently had their mandates made void.[59] According to Jakovčev, 60 municipalities in Dalmatia alone protested due to forgeries and irregularities.[10] In Vrboska, one of the few municipalities that were won by communists, elections were declared void by the government and then repeated on July 28.[29] Busing in voters from Dol and elsewhere and intimidating the communists, HSS managed to secure the majority.[21]

In Bobota, all municipal councilmen elected on non-partisan Serb list decided to join SDS, disappointed by the election results in eastern Slavonia.[22]

Maček declared the elections as a "90% victory for the pro-agreement parties", emphasizing the claim that SDS won the majority among Croatian Serbs. Despite downplaying the political importance of the elections beforehand, he now touted the results as a "lesson" for anti-agreement parties.[2] Shortly after the elections, having in mind the incidents that occurred, ban Šubašić indefinitely banned all public gatherings, rallies or protests except for religious events.[38]

Literature

  • Konjević, Mile (1973). "Općinski izbori u Banovini Hrvatskoj 19. maja 1940. godine", Prilozi Instituta za istoriju Sarajevo 9(1)

References

  1. ↑ Matković, Hrvoje (1999). Povijest Hrvatske Seljačke Stranke [History of the Croatian Peasant Party]. Pavičić. p. 414. ISBN 9789536308132.
  2. 1 2 Hrvatsko jedinstvo, 1940, number 137
  3. ↑ Dejan Djokić. National Mobilisation in the 1930s: The Emergence of the ‘Serb Question’ in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia
  4. ↑ "Politička situacija u Splitu prije Drugog svjetskog rata", in Antifašistički Split - Ratna kronika 1941-1945
  5. ↑ Jelić-Butić, F. (1970). "Prilog proučavanju djelatnosti ustaša do 1941." Časopis za suvremenu povijest, 1(1-2), 55-91.
  6. ↑ "Uredba o izmjenama i dopunama Zakona o opcinama" (PDF). Katolik (16). Sibenik. 18 April 1940. p. 4.
  7. ↑ "RASPUŠTENE OPCINSKE UPRAVE U SMTLČIĆU I SKRADINU", Katolik (1940), 19, p. 4, Sibenik.
  8. ↑ Božinović, N. (1996). Žensko pitanje u Srbiji u XIX i XX veku. Beograd: Pinkpress, p.124.
  9. ↑ Lakic, pp. 24-5
  10. 1 2 G. Jakovčev (1966). "Politička zbivanja u sjevernoj Dalmaciji pred aprilski rat 1941. godine (prikaz)" (PDF). Zadarska revija (in Croatian). Matica hrvatska Zadar. XV (1): 428–440. ISSN 0044-1589.
  11. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 Mirošević, Franko. "Političko opredjeljivanje birača kotara Dubrovnik 1931.–1940." Časopis za suvremenu povijest 43.1 (2011): 155-182., p. 179
  12. 1 2 Dugački, p. 135
  13. 1 2 3 Kvesić, pp. 33-5
  14. ↑ Livada, Svetozar. Kordunski rekvijem, pp. 56-7
  15. ↑ "JNS NE SUDJELUJE U OPĆINSKIM IZBORIMA", Katolik (1940), 19, p. 4, Sibenik.
  16. ↑ Regan, Krešimir "Djelovanje Jugoslavenske nacionalne stranke u Banovini Hrvatskoj 1939–1941.", Kolo 4 (2007)
  17. ↑ Korov, Goran. "Rad KPJ u Zagrebu od 1931. do 1941. godine", Viewpoints from Southeastern Europe, Rosa-Luxemburg-Stiftung. pp. 25-6
  18. ↑ "Ustajte prezreni na svijetu!". Regionalexpress.hr (in Croatian). Retrieved 2018-03-10.
  19. ↑ Kvesić, Sibe (1979). Dalmacija u narodnooslobodilačkoj borbi (PDF). Split: Institut za historiju radničkog pokreta Dalmacije,. pp. 33–5.
  20. ↑ Dugački, V. (2017). „Hrvatsko pitanje je riješeno!“ Česi od uspostave Banovine Hrvatske do Nezavisne Države Hrvatske (1939.–1941.). Zbornik Janković, 2(2), 127-145.
  21. 1 2 Ivica Moškatelo. "Odakle naziv Marokanci", Tartajun 4
  22. 1 2 Regan, p. 399
  23. ↑ "Pred općinske izbore", Katolik (1940), 20, p. 3, Sibenik.
  24. ↑ Mirosevic (2016), p. 38, p. 36
  25. ↑ Regan, p. 399 f5
  26. ↑ Suzana, Leček, (2014). "Priča o uspjehu – strategija i metode političke borbe Hrvatske seljačke stranke (1918.-1941.)" (PDF). 110 godina Hrvatske seljačke stranke.
  27. 1 2 Suzana, Leček, (2008). "Borba Hrvatske seljačke stranke za općinsku samoupravu 1936.-1939". Časopis za suvremenu povijest (in Croatian). 40 (3): 1002. ISSN 0590-9597.
  28. ↑ Gunjaca, Drazan (2015-12-07). Nebo iznad Dalmacije (in Croatian). ISBN 9788685831546.
  29. 1 2 3 M. Kolumbić (1982) "Spomenici otoka Hvara", str. 44
  30. ↑ Hrstić, p. 86
  31. ↑ Krešimir, Regan, (2007). "Djelovanje Jugoslavenske radikalne zajednice u doba Banovine Hrvatske (1939–1941)". Studia lexicographica : časopis za leksikografiju i enciklopedistiku (in Croatian). 1 (1(1)). ISSN 1846-6745.
  32. ↑ Nikica, Barić, (2002). "Njemačka manjina u dokumentima banskih vlasti Banovine Hrvatske, 1939. -1941". Časopis za suvremenu povijest (in Croatian). 34 (2): 125. ISSN 0590-9597.
  33. ↑ Dizdar (2006), p. 381
  34. ↑ Huljić, Veseljko (1979). Vis 1941-1945 (in Croatian). Institut za historiju radničkog pokreta Dalmacije.
  35. ↑ Ivan, Pažanin. "POVIJEST DRVENIŠKE ŽUPE OD POLOVINE XIX. STOLJEĆA DO NAŠIH DANA: Povijest 1935-1945". free-st.htnet.hr. Retrieved 2018-03-11.
  36. ↑ Ivan, Hrstić, (2013-05-31). "Djelovanje lokalne samouprave u Makarskoj između dva svjetska rata". Časopis za suvremenu povijest (in Croatian). 45 (1). ISSN 0590-9597.
  37. ↑ Marjan, Diklić, (2005). "Vrsi uoči Drugoga svjetskog rata". Radovi Zavoda za povijesne znanosti HAZU u Zadru (in Croatian) (47). ISSN 1330-0474.
  38. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 Katolik, 1940, number 21, p. 3
  39. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 Krešimir, Regan, (2008-10-07). "Srpski kulturni klub i Banovina Hrvatska". Časopis za suvremenu povijest (in Croatian). 40 (2). ISSN 0590-9597.
  40. 1 2 Mirošević, Franko (2016). Dubrovački kotar u Nezavisnoj Državi Hrvatskoj. Udruga antifašista. ISBN 9789535764007.
  41. ↑ Čović, Bartul (2016-07-27). "S roguljama boj smo bili". Slobodni Filozofski (in Croatian). Retrieved 2018-03-10.
  42. 1 2 3 4 5 6 Livada, p. 59
  43. ↑ Zdravko, Dizdar, (2008). "Župa Miljevci od 1900. do 1950. godine". Miljevci u prošlosti (s pogledom u budućnost) : zbornik radova sa znanstvenog skupa.
  44. ↑ "Krapinsko-zagorski HSS postavio spomen ploču Stjepanu Valjavcu–Čerčilu na pročelje PŠ Lepajci - Hrvatska seljačka stranka". Hrvatska seljačka stranka (in Croatian). 2015-12-06. Retrieved 2018-03-10.
  45. ↑ Gerić, Božidar. "Vojne operacije, događanja i stradanja u Podravini i Novigradu Podravskom tijekom drugog svjetskog rata 1939. do 1945. godine". www.novigrad-podravski.hr (in Croatian). Retrieved 2018-03-10.
  46. ↑ Administrator. "Općina Promina - Povijest Općine Promina". promina.hr (in Croatian). Retrieved 2018-03-10.
  47. 1 2 3 4 5 Leček, S. (2015). " Destiny tied to the fate of our Croatian peasant brothers'-Volksdeutsche and the elections in the Kingdom of Yugoslavia". Godišnjak Njemačke narodnosne zajednice..., 22, 59-81.
  48. ↑ "Obitelj PADOVAN KOLEGA". www.velaluka.hr. Retrieved 2018-03-10.
  49. ↑ Jakov Blažević. "Društveno-političko stanje, razvitak i utjecaj KPJ u kotaru Gospić do 1941. godine", and Dušan T. Graovac. "Komunistička partija i savez komunističke omladine u borbi za slobodu, bratstvo i jedinstvo Hrvatskog i Srpskog naroda kotara Gospić od travnja 1941. do oslobođenja", p. 261 in Kotar Gospić i kotar Perušić u Narodnooslobodilačkom ratu 1941-5, Historijski arhiv Karlovac (20)
  50. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 Lička sloga, 1940, number 11, p. 2
  51. 1 2 3 4 Ustaničke iskre u Hrvatskoj. Zagreb: 1977
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  53. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 Regan (2007), pp.235-6, f56
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  56. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 Zdenka Lakić. Katalog izložbe Sto godina HSS-a na brodskom području u arhivskim izvorima, Državni arhiv u Slavonskom Brodu, p. 26
  57. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 Hrvatski branik, 1940, number 22, p. 2
  58. 1 2 3 Vezmar, Gojko (1976). "RADNIČKI POKRET U PLAŠCANSKOJ DOLINI DO TRAVNJA 1941. GODINE". In Zatezalo, Duro. PLAŠČANSKA DOLINA I OKOLICA U NOR-u 1941-1945 (PDF). Karlovac: Historijski arhiv Karlovac. p. 539.
  59. ↑ Plenča, Dušan (1957). "Pripreme komunističke partije za oružani ustanak u Dalmaciji" (PDF). Historijski zbornik. X (1-4).
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