2010 in spaceflight

2010 in spaceflight
The Dragon capsule's maiden launch aboard a Falcon 9 rocket on 8 December 2010.
Orbital launches
First 16 January
Last 29 December
Total 74
Successes 70
Failures 4
Partial failures 0
Catalogued 70
Rockets
Maiden flights Atlas V 501
Atlas V 531
Falcon 9 v1.0
GSLV Mk. II
Minotaur IV
Retirements Delta II 7420
Molniya-M
Kosmos-3M
Crewed flights
Orbital 7
Total travellers 31

The year 2010 in spaceflight saw a number of notable events in worldwide spaceflight activities. These included the first test flight of the SpaceX Dragon commercial resupply spacecraft, which is intended to resupply the International Space Station (ISS), and the maiden flights of the Falcon 9 and Minotaur IV rockets. In June 2010, South Korea conducted a second Naro-1 launch, after the failure of the rocket's maiden flight in 2009; however, the second attempt also failed. The Kosmos-3M was retired from service, making its final flight in April. The Molniya-M was also retired from service, making its final flight in September.[1]

Overview

The first suborbital launch of 2010 was conducted at 23:00 GMT on 10 January, when a Black Brant IX sounding rocket was launched as a target for the Boeing YAL-1 airborne-laser platform. On 11 January, China conducted an ABM test, involving two missiles. The first orbital launch occurred at 16:12 UTC on 16 January, when a Long March 3C launched the Compass-G1 navigation satellite from the Xichang Satellite Launch Centre.

Seventy-four orbital launches were attempted in 2010, with seventy being successful and four ending in failure. The last orbital launch was made on 29 December, when an Ariane 5ECA launched the Hispasat-1E and Koreasat 6 spacecraft from Guiana Space Centre, near Kourou.

Space exploration

Akatsuki, the first Japanese mission to Venus, was launched on an H-IIA carrier rocket in May. It is intended to look for lightning and volcanoes on Venus.[2] Despite a successful launch,[3] the spacecraft failed to enter Cytherocentric orbit in December, but it managed to enter the orbit around Venus five years later in December 2015. IKAROS, the first operational solar sail, was launched on the same rocket as Akatsuki.

The first Japanese asteroid probe, Hayabusa, returned to Earth on 13 June, having landed on 25143 Itokawa in an effort to collect samples.[4] It was also the world's first successful sample return mission from an asteroid.[5]

On 1 October at 10:59:57 UTC, China successfully launched the Chang'e-2 spacecraft, the nation's second mission to explore the Moon. A Long March 3C rocket was used for the launch, which occurred from the Xichang Satellite Launch Centre. The spacecraft conducted a mission similar to that of the earlier Chang'e-1 spacecraft, but with a focus on mapping potential landing sites in preparation for the Chang'e-3 unmanned lunar lander.[6]

Manned spaceflight

Seven manned launches were planned for 2010, with three Space Shuttle missions and four Soyuz flights for International Space Station (ISS) crew rotation. STS-130, using orbiter Endeavour, was the first manned flight of the year, launching on 8 February with the Tranquility node and Cupola for the ISS. On 5 April, Discovery launched on mission STS-131, with the Leonardo MPLM to resupply the outpost.

Soyuz TMA-18 launched the Expedition 23 crew to the ISS on 2 April; it was scheduled to spend around six months docked to the station to facilitate crew escape in an emergency. Shortly before, Soyuz TMA-16 undocked, transporting former ISS crewmembers back to Earth. On 14 May, Space Shuttle Atlantis launched on its second-to-last flight, STS-132, carrying the Rassvet module to the ISS. Soyuz TMA-19 launched with Expedition 24 on 15 June. Soyuz TMA-01M, the first flight of a modernised Soyuz-TMA spacecraft, launched on 8 October with the Expedition 25 crew for the ISS. Then, to end the year, Expedition 26 launched aboard Soyuz TMA-20 on 15 December.

Launch failures

Four orbital launch failures occurred in 2010, two affecting Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicles, one affecting a Naro-1 rocket, and one affecting a Proton rocket. The first occurred on 15 April, when the GSLV Mk.II launched on its maiden flight. The rocket's third stage malfunctioned, resulting in the stage, and the GSAT-4 satellite, failing to achieve orbit and falling into the sea. The second failure occurred during the second launch of the Naro-1 rocket, carrying the STSAT-2B spacecraft. The rocket exploded 137 seconds into the flight.[7]

The third failure occurred on 5 December, when a Proton-M with the first Blok DM-03 upper stage failed to inject three Glonass-M satellites into orbit. Before launch, the Blok DM was fuelled incorrectly, resulting in the rocket being too heavy to reach its parking orbit.[8] The fourth failure occurred on 25 December 2010, when a GSLV Mk.I exploded during the launch of GSAT-5P. The rocket was destroyed by range safety, after control of the liquid-fuelled boosters attached to the first stage was lost.[9]

Launches

Date and time (UTC) Rocket Launch site LSP
Payload
(⚀ = CubeSat)
Operator Orbit Function Decay (UTC) Outcome
Remarks
10 January
23:00:00[10]
CanadaBlack Brant IX United StatesSan Nicolas United StatesNASA
United StatesMARTI US Air Force Suborbital Target10 JanuarySuccessful
11 January
11:55[11]
ChinaCSS-X-11 ChinaShuangchengzi Space and Missile Center ChinaPLA
PLA Suborbital ABM target11 JanuarySuccessful
Target
11 January
12:00
ChinaSC-19 ChinaKorla Missile Test Complex ChinaPLA
PLA Suborbital ABM test11 JanuarySuccessful[12]
Interceptor
14 January
06:50[13]
IndiaRH-300 Mk.II IndiaTERLS IndiaISRO
ISRO Suborbital Solar/Aeronomy14 JanuarySuccessful
Apogee: 116 km (72 mi)[14]
14 January
07:35[13]
IndiaRH-300 Mk. II IndiaTERLS IndiaISRO
ISRO Suborbital Solar/Aeronomy14 JanuarySuccessful
Apogee: 116 km (72 mi)[14]
14 January[13]
07:45
IndiaRH-560 Mk.II IndiaSatish Dhawan IndiaISRO
ISRO Suborbital Solar/Aeronomy14 JanuarySuccessful
Apogee: 548 km (341 mi)[14]
15 January
06:50[13]
IndiaRH-300 Mk. II IndiaTERLS IndiaISRO
ISRO Suborbital Solar/Aeronomy15 JanuarySuccessful
Apogee: 116 km (72 mi)[14]
15 January
07:35[13]
IndiaRH-300 Mk. II IndiaTERLS IndiaISRO
ISRO Suborbital Solar/Aeronomy15 JanuarySuccessful
Apogee: 116 km (72 mi)[14]
15 January
10:30[13]
IndiaRH-300 Mk. II IndiaTERLS IndiaISRO
ISRO Suborbital Solar/Aeronomy15 JanuarySuccessful
Apogee: 116 km (72 mi)[14]
15 January[13]
07:45
IndiaRH-560 Mk. II IndiaSatish Dhawan IndiaISRO
ISRO Suborbital Solar/Aeronomy15 JanuarySuccessful
Apogee: 523 km (325 mi)[14]
16 January
16:12
ChinaLong March 3C ChinaXichang LA-2 ChinaCNSA
ChinaCompass-G1 CNSA Geostationary NavigationIn orbitOperational
27 January
08:25[11]
FranceM51 FranceLe Terrible, Audierne Bay FranceDGA
DGA Suborbital Missile test27 JanuarySuccessful
First launch of M51 from a submarine[15]
28 January
00:18
RussiaProton-M/Briz-M Enhanced KazakhstanBaikonur Site 81/24 RussiaKhrunichev
RussiaGlobus-1M #12L (Raduga-1M 2) VKS Geosynchronous CommunicationIn orbitOperational
31 January
11:40[16]
United StatesUGM-96 Trident I C4 (LV-2) Marshall IslandsMeck United StatesMDA
MDA Suborbital ABM target30 JanuarySuccessful[16]
Maiden flight of Trident I in LV-2 configuration, interceptor failed[16]
31 January United StatesGround Based Interceptor United StatesVandenberg LF-23 United StatesMDA
MDA Suborbital ABM test30 JanuarySpacecraft failure[16]
Radar tracking problem caused by unexpected "chuffing", compounded by thruster problem on interceptor, resulted in failure to intercept Trident[16]
3 February
03:45
RussiaSoyuz-U KazakhstanBaikonur Site 1/5 RussiaRoskosmos
RussiaProgress M-04M / 36P Roskosmos Low Earth (ISS) Logistics1 July
14:40
Successful
ISS flight 36P
3 February IranKavoshgar IranSemnan IranISA
IranKavoshgar-3 ISA Suborbital Biological3 FebruarySuccessful[17]
4 February
08:03:07
CanadaBlack Brant IX United StatesSan Nicolas United StatesNASA
United StatesMARTI US Air Force Suborbital Target4 FebruarySuccessful[10]
7 February
05:20
IndiaAgni-III IndiaITR IC-4 IndiaDRDO
DRDO Suborbital Missile test7 FebruarySuccessful[18]
Travelled 3,500 km (2,175 mi) downrange
8 February
09:14
United StatesSpace Shuttle Endeavour United StatesKennedy LC-39A United StatesUnited Space Alliance
United StatesSTS-130 NASA Low Earth (ISS) ISS Assembly22 February
03:22
Successful
United NationsTranquility[19] NASA Low Earth (ISS) ISS componentIn orbitOperational
United NationsCupola NASA Low Earth (ISS) ISS componentIn orbitOperational
Manned flight with six astronauts
9 February
09:01:00
United StatesTerrier-Orion United StatesPoker Flat United StatesNASA
Alaska Suborbital Auroral9 FebruarySuccessful[10]
11 February
15:23
United StatesAtlas V 401 United StatesCape Canaveral SLC-41 United StatesUnited Launch Alliance
United StatesSDO NASA Geosynchronous SolarIn orbitOperational
12 February
00:39
RussiaProton-M/Briz-M Enhanced KazakhstanBaikonur Site 200/39 RussiaUnited StatesInternational Launch Services
United NationsIntelsat 16 Intelsat Geosynchronous CommunicationIn orbitOperational
12 February
04:44[20]
RussiaR-17 Elbrus United StatesShip, Pacific Ocean United StatesUS Air Force
US Air Force Suborbital Target12 FebruarySuccessful[20]
Destroyed by Boeing YAL-1 aircraft
12 February
05:31:20
CanadaBlack Brant IX United StatesSan Nicolas United StatesNASA
United StatesMARTI US Air Force Suborbital Target12 FebruarySuccessful[10]
15 February
09:49:11
CanadaBlack Brant XII United StatesPoker Flat United StatesNASA
Dartmouth Suborbital Auroral15 FebruarySuccessful[10]
Apogee: 803 km (499 mi)[14]
17 February United StatesJuno United StatesFort Wingate LC-96 United StatesUS Army
US Army Suborbital Target17 FebruarySuccessful
Target for MIM-104 Patriot PAC-3 MSE test, successful intercept
1 March
21:19
RussiaProton-M/DM-2 Enhanced KazakhstanBaikonur Site 81/24 RussiaKhrunichev
RussiaKosmos 2459
(Glonass-M 731)
VKS Medium Earth NavigationIn orbitOperational
RussiaKosmos 2460
(Glonass-M 732)
VKS Medium Earth NavigationIn orbitOperational
RussiaKosmos 2461
(Glonass-M 733)
VKS Medium Earth NavigationIn orbitOperational
4 March
04:50
RussiaR-29RMU Sineva RussiaK-114 Tula, Barents Sea RussiaVMF
VMF Suborbital Missile test4 MarchSuccessful
4 March
23:57
United StatesDelta IV-M+ (4,2) United StatesCape Canaveral SLC-37B United StatesUnited Launch Alliance
United StatesGOES-P (GOES-15) NOAA/NASA Geostationary WeatherIn orbitOperational
5 March
04:55
China Long March 4C China Jiuquan LA-4/SLS-2 China CNSA
China Yaogan 9 CNSA Sun-synchronous ELINTIn orbitOperational
China Yaogan 9 subsatellite CNSA Sun-synchronous ELINTIn orbitOperational
China Yaogan 9 subsatellite CNSA Sun-synchronous ELINTIn orbitOperational
First Long March 4 series launch from Jiuquan
15 March India Prithvi IndiaITR IC-4 IndiaDRDO
DRDO Suborbital Target15 MarchLaunch failure
Target for ABM test, deviated from planned course, interceptor not launched[21]
20 March
18:27
RussiaProton-M/Briz-M Enhanced KazakhstanBaikonur Site 200/39 RussiaUnited StatesInternational Launch Services
United StatesEchostar XIV Echostar Geosynchronous CommunicationIn orbitOperational
22 March United StatesTerrier Mk.70-Orion AustraliaWoomera LA-2 AustraliaUnited StatesDSTO/US Air Force
AustraliaUnited StatesHiFire-1 DSTO/US Air Force Suborbital Technology22 MarchSuccessful
Hypersonic research experiment
26 March
13:43
United StatesEuropean UnionMaxus SwedenEsrange European UnionEuroLaunch
SwedenEuropean UnionMAXUS-8 SSC/ESA Suborbital Microgravity26 March
13:55
Successful[22]
Apogee: 700 km (435 mi)[14]
27 March
00:14[14]
IndiaDhanush[23] India INS Subhadra Indian Ocean IndiaDRDO
DRDO Suborbital Missile test27 MarchSuccessful
27 March
00:18[14]
IndiaPrithvi II[23] India Integrated Test Range IC-3 IndiaDRDO
DRDO Suborbital Missile test27 MarchSuccessful
27 March
14:09:56[24]
United StatesTerrier-Improved Malemute United StatesWallops Island LA-1/50K United StatesNASA
NASA Suborbital Test flight27 MarchSuccessful
United StatesSOCEM CalPoly Suborbital Technology27 MarchSuccessful
United StatesADAMASat Kentucky Space Suborbital Technology27 MarchSuccessful
Maiden flight of Terrier-Improved Malemute, apogee: 270 km (168 mi)[14]
27 March
19:37[14]
IndiaAgni I[25] India Integrated Test Range IC-4 IndiaIndian Army
Indian Army Suborbital Missile test28 MarchSuccessful
2 April
04:04
RussiaSoyuz-FG KazakhstanBaikonur Site 1/5 RussiaRoskosmos
RussiaSoyuz TMA-18 Roskosmos Low Earth (ISS) ISS Expedition 2325 September
05:23
Successful
Manned flight with three cosmonauts
5 April
10:21
United StatesSpace Shuttle Discovery[26] United StatesKennedy LC-39A United StatesUnited Space Alliance
United StatesSTS-131 NASA Low Earth (ISS) Logistics20 April
13:08:35
Successful
ItalyUnited StatesLeonardo MPLM ASI/NASA Low Earth (ISS) LogisticsSuccessful
Manned flight with seven astronauts
8 April
13:57
UkraineDnepr KazakhstanBaikonur Site 109/95 RussiaISC Kosmotras
European UnionCryosat-2[27] ESA Low Earth ClimatologyIn orbitOperational
15 April
10:57
IndiaGSLV Mk.II IndiaSatish Dhawan SLP IndiaISRO
IndiaGSAT-4 (HealthSat) ISRO Intended: Geosynchronous Communication
Navigation
15 AprilLaunch failure
Maiden flight of GSLV Mk. II, third stage failure.
16 April
15:00[28]
RussiaSoyuz-U RussiaPlesetsk Site 16/2 RussiaVKS
RussiaKosmos 2462 (Kobal't-M) VKS Low Earth Optical imaging21 JulySuccessful
22 April
23:00[29]
United StatesMinotaur IV Lite United StatesVandenberg SLC-8 United StatesOrbital Sciences
United StatesHTV-2a US Air Force Suborbital Technology22 AprilSpacecraft failure[30]
Maiden flight of Minotaur IV, loss of contact with HTV nine minutes after launch.[30]
22 April
23:52[29]
United StatesAtlas V 501 United StatesCape Canaveral SLC-41 United StatesUnited Launch Alliance
United StatesUSA-212 (X-37B OTV-1)[29] US Air Force Low Earth Technology3 December
09:16
Successful
Maiden flight of Atlas V 501 and Boeing X-37B
24 April
11:19
RussiaProton-M/Briz-M Enhanced KazakhstanBaikonur Site 200/39 RussiaUnited StatesInternational Launch Services
NetherlandsSES-1 (OS-1) SES World Skies Geosynchronous CommunicationIn orbitOperational
27 April
01:05
RussiaKosmos-3M RussiaPlesetsk Site 132/1 RussiaVKS
RussiaKosmos 2463 (Parus) VKS Low Earth Navigation
/Communication
In orbitOperational
Final flight of Kosmos-3M
28 April
17:15
RussiaSoyuz-U KazakhstanBaikonur Site 1/5 RussiaRoskosmos
RussiaProgress M-05M / 37P Roskosmos Low Earth (ISS) Logistics15 November
09:35:39
Successful
ISS flight 37P
3 May
09:47:00
CanadaBlack Brant IX United StatesSan Nicolas United StatesNASA
United StatesMARTI US Air Force Suborbital Target3 MaySuccessful
3 May
18:32:00
CanadaBlack Brant IX[31] United StatesWhite Sands United StatesNASA
United States EVE CU Boulder Suborbital Geospace/Solar3 MaySuccessful
Used to calibrate the Solar Dynamics Observatory[32]
4 May
12:41:02[33]
United StatesSpaceLoft XL United StatesSpaceport America United StatesUP Aerospace
United StatesRocketSat CSG Suborbital Technology4 MaySuccessful
NMSU Suborbital TechnologySuccessful
UNM Suborbital TechnologySuccessful
United StatesPioneer Celestis Suborbital Space burialSuccessful
Reached an apogee of 113 km (70 mi), successfully recovered.[34]
6 May
03:50[35]
TaiwanSounding Rocket VII TaiwanJiu Peng Air Base TaiwanNSPO
NSPO Suborbital Ionospheric research6 MaySuccessful
Apogee: 289 km (180 mi)[35]
8 May PakistanGhaznavi PakistanSonmiani PakistanASFC
ASFC Suborbital Missile test8 MaySuccessful
8 May PakistanShaheen-I PakistanSonmiani PakistanASFC
ASFC Suborbital Missile test8 MaySuccessful
14 May
18:20
United StatesSpace Shuttle Atlantis[26] United StatesKennedy LC-39A United StatesUnited Space Alliance
United StatesSTS-132 NASA Low Earth (ISS) Logistics26 May
12:48:11
Successful
United NationsRassvet (MRM-1) Roskosmos Low Earth (ISS) ISS componentIn orbitOperational
Manned flight with six astronauts
17 May
11:29
IndiaAgni-II IndiaITR IC-3 IndiaIndian Army
Indian Army Suborbital Missile test17 MaySuccessful
Travelled 2,500 km (1,553 mi) downrange
20 May
21:58:22[36]
JapanH-IIA 202 JapanTanegashima LA-Y1 JapanMitsubishi
JapanAkatsuki (Planet-C) JAXA Heliocentric
Intended: Cytherocentric
Venus orbiterIn orbitOperational after partial spacecraft failure
JapanIKAROS JAXA Heliocentric Solar sailIn orbitOperational
JapanWaseda-SAT2 Waseda Low Earth Imaging15 August[37]Spacecraft failure[38][39]
JapanHayato (K-Sat)[40] Kagoshima Low Earth Atmospheric8[41] – 14[42] JulyPartial spacecraft failure
JapanNegai☆'' Soka Low Earth Technology26 June[43]Successful
JapanShin'en (UNITEC-1)[44] UNISEC Heliocentric TechnologyIn orbitSpacecraft failure[38][45]
JapanDCAM-1 JAXA Heliocentric TechnologyIn orbitSuccessful
JapanDCAM-2 JAXA Heliocentric TechnologyIn orbitSuccessful
Waseda-SAT2 never contacted ground, Hayato affected by communications problems, contact lost with Shin'en on 21 May, unclear if data has been received since.[38] DCAM spacecraft deployed from IKAROS and used to observe deployment of the solar sail.[46] Akatsuki malfunctioned during Cytherocentric orbit insertion, and failed to enter orbit. It managed to orbit around Venus five years later.
21 May
09:00:00
CanadaBlack Brant IX United StatesWhite Sands United StatesNASA
United StatesDICE CU Boulder Suborbital Astronomy21 MaySpacecraft failure[10]
21 May
22:01
European UnionAriane 5ECA FranceKourou ELA-3 FranceArianespace
LuxembourgAstra 3B SES Astra Geosynchronous CommunicationIn orbitOperational
GermanyCOMSATBw-2 Bundeswehr Geosynchronous CommunicationIn orbitOperational
28 May
03:00
United StatesDelta IV-M+ (4,2) United StatesCape Canaveral SLC-37B United StatesUnited Launch Alliance
United StatesUSA-213 (GPS IIF SV-1) US Air Force Medium Earth NavigationIn orbitOperational
2 June
01:59
RussiaRokot/Briz-KM[47] RussiaPlesetsk Site 133/3 European UnionRussiaEurockot[48]
JapanSERVIS-2 USEF Sun-synchronous TechnologyIn orbitOperational
2 June
15:53:04
ChinaLong March 3C ChinaXichang LA-2 ChinaCNSA
ChinaCompass-G3 CNSA Geostationary NavigationIn orbitOperational
3 June
22:00:08
RussiaProton-M/Briz-M Enhanced KazakhstanBaikonur Site 200/39 RussiaUnited StatesInternational Launch Services
Saudi ArabiaBadr-5 ARABSAT Geosynchronous CommunicationIn orbitOperational
4 June
18:45[49]
United StatesFalcon 9 v1.0[50][51][52] United StatesCape Canaveral SLC-40 United StatesSpaceX[53]
United StatesDSQU SpaceX Low Earth Boilerplate27 June
00:50[54]
Successful
Maiden flight of Falcon 9[55][56]
6 June
22:25[14]
United StatesGround Based Interceptor United StatesVandenberg LF-24 United StatesMDA
MDA Suborbital Test flight6 JuneSuccessful
Two stage test vehicle, non-intercept test
8 June United StatesUGM-133 Trident II D5 United StatesUSS Maryland, ETR United StatesUS Navy
US Navy Suborbital Test flight8 JuneSuccessful
Follow-on Commander's Evaluation Test 42
8 June United StatesUGM-133 Trident II D5 United StatesUSS Maryland, ETR United StatesUS Navy
US Navy Suborbital Test flight8 JuneSuccessful
Follow-on Commander's Evaluation Test 42
9 June United StatesUGM-133 Trident II D5 United StatesUSS Maryland, ETR United StatesUS Navy
US Navy Suborbital Test flight9 JuneSuccessful
Follow-on Commander's Evaluation Test 43
9 June United StatesUGM-133 Trident II D5 United StatesUSS Maryland, ETR United StatesUS Navy
US Navy Suborbital Test flight9 JuneSuccessful
Follow-on Commander's Evaluation Test 43
10 June
08:01[57]
RussiaSouth KoreaNaro-1 South KoreaNaro[58] RussiaSouth KoreaKhrunichev/KARI
South KoreaSTSAT-2B KARI Intended: Low Earth Technology+137 secondsLaunch failure
Exploded during first stage burn[7]
15 June
01:39[59]
ChinaLong March 2D ChinaJiuquan LA-4/SLS-2 ChinaCNSA
ChinaShijian XII[60] CNSA Low Earth TechnologyIn orbitOperational
15 June
14:42
UkraineDnepr[61] RussiaDombarovsky Site 13 RussiaISC Kosmotras
SwedenPrisma-Mango SSC Sun-synchronous[62] TechnologyIn orbitOperational
SwedenPrisma-Tango SSC Sun-synchronous[62] TechnologyIn orbitOperational
FrancePicard CNES Sun-synchronous[62] SolarIn orbitOperational
UkraineBPA-1 Hartron-Arkos Sun-synchronous TechnologyIn orbitOperational
BPA-1 intentionally remained attached to upper stage
15 June
21:35
RussiaSoyuz-FG KazakhstanBaikonur Site 1/5 RussiaRoskosmos
RussiaSoyuz TMA-19 Roskosmos Low Earth (ISS) ISS Expedition 2426 November
04:46:53
Successful
Manned flight with three cosmonauts
16 June
10:01
United StatesLGM-30G Minuteman III United StatesVandenberg LF-10 United StatesUS Air Force
US Air Force Suborbital Missile test16 JuneSuccessful
Travelled 6,743 km (4,190 mi) to Kwajalein Atoll
21 June
02:14
UkraineDnepr KazakhstanBaikonur Site 109/95 RussiaISC Kosmotras
GermanyTanDEM-X DLR Low Earth Radar imagingIn orbitOperational
22 June
19:00
IsraelShavit-2 IsraelPalmachim IsraelIsrael Aerospace Industries
IsraelOfek-9[63] IAI/Israeli
  Defense Forces
Low Earth (retrograde) ReconnaissanceIn orbitOperational[64]
Known as Ofek-8 before launch[65]
24 June
11:17:00
United StatesTerrier-Orion United StatesWallops Island LA-2/MRL United StatesNASA
United StatesRockOn! Colorado Suborbital Student research24 JuneSuccessful
26 June
21:41
European UnionAriane 5ECA[66] FranceKourou ELA-3 FranceArianespace
Saudi ArabiaArabSat-5A ARABSAT Geosynchronous CommunicationIn orbitOperational
South KoreaChollian (COMS-1) KARI Geosynchronous[67] Communication
Weather
Oceanography
In orbitOperational[68]
30 June
10:40:01[14]
United StatesLGM-30G Minuteman III United StatesVandenberg LF-04 United StatesUS Air Force
US Air Force Suborbital Missile test30 JuneSuccessful
30 June
15:35
RussiaSoyuz-U KazakhstanBaikonur Site 1/5 RussiaRoskosmos
RussiaProgress M-06M / 38P Roskosmos Low Earth (ISS) Logistics6 September
12:53:20
Successful
ISS flight 38P
10 July
11:32[69]
FranceM51 FranceLe Terrible, Audierne Bay FranceDGA/Marine nationale
DGA/Marine nationale Suborbital Test flight10 JulySuccessful
10 July
18:40
RussiaProton-M/Briz-M Enhanced KazakhstanBaikonur Site 200/39 RussiaUnited StatesInternational Launch Services
United StatesEchoStar XV Echostar Geosynchronous CommunicationIn orbitOperational
11 July CanadaBlack Brant IX United StatesWhite Sands United StatesNASA
United States CIBER Caltech[70] Suborbital Astronomy11 JulySuccessful
12 July[71]
03:53
IndiaPSLV-CA IndiaSatish Dhawan FLP IndiaISRO
IndiaCartosat-2B ISRO Low Earth Remote sensingIn orbitOperational
AlgeriaAlSat-2A ASAL Low Earth Remote sensingIn orbitOperational
IndiaStudSat StudSat Low Earth TechnologyIn orbitOperational
NorwayAISSat-1 NDRE Low Earth TechnologyIn orbitOperational
SwitzerlandTIsat-1 SUPSI Low Earth TechnologyIn orbitOperational
AISSat and TIsat cubeSats to be launched as NLS-6, coordinated by UTIAS
27 July IndiaPrithvi IndiaITR IC-4 IndiaDRDO
DRDO Suborbital Target27 JulySuccessful
Target for ABM test, intercepted successfully by AAD
30 July
18:18
CanadaBlack Brant IX United StatesWhite Sands United StatesNASA
United StatesSUMI NASA Suborbital Solar30 JulySuccessful
31 July
21:30
ChinaLong March 3A ChinaXichang LA-3 ChinaCNSA
ChinaCompass IGSO-1 CNSA IGSO NavigationIn orbitOperational
4 August
09:15
CanadaBlack Brant X United StatesWallops Island LA-1/50K United StatesNASA
NASA Suborbital Test flight
Technology
4 AugustSuccessful
Tests of Nihka rocket motor, with secondary technology experiments
4 August
20:59
European UnionAriane 5ECA FranceKourou ELA-3 FranceArianespace
EgyptNilesat-201 Nilesat Geosynchronous CommunicationIn orbitOperational
MauritiusRASCOM-QAF 1R RASCOM-QAF Geosynchronous CommunicationIn orbitOperational
6 August[72] RussiaR-29RMU Sineva RussiaK-114 Tula, Barents Sea RussiaVMF
VMF Suborbital Missile test6 AugustSuccessful
6 August[72] RussiaR-29RMU Sineva RussiaK-114 Tula, Barents Sea RussiaVMF
VMF Suborbital Missile test6 AugustSuccessful
9 August
22:49[73]
ChinaLong March 4C ChinaTaiyuan LC-2 ChinaCNSA
ChinaYaogan 10 CNSA Sun-synchronous Remote sensingIn orbitOperational
14 August
11:07
United StatesAtlas V 531 United StatesCape Canaveral SLC-41 United StatesUnited Launch Alliance
United StatesUSA-214 (AEHF-1) US Air Force Current: Transfer
Planned: Geosynchronous
CommunicationIn orbitPartial spacecraft failure[74]
Operational
Maiden flight of Atlas V 531, liquid apogee motor failed to operate during orbital insertion process[74]
23 August
17:57
CanadaBlack Brant IX United StatesWhite Sands United StatesNASA
United StatesRAISE SwRI Suborbital Solar23 AugustSuccessful
24 August
07:10
ChinaLong March 2D ChinaJiuquan LA-4/SLS-2 ChinaCNSA
ChinaTian Hui 1 CNSA Low Earth Remote sensingIn orbitOperational
30 August
20:00[75]
JapanS-520 JapanUchinoura JapanJAXA
JAXA/TMU/Kagawa
/Shizuoka
Suborbital Technology30 AugustPartial spacecraft failure[76]
High-voltage control experiments not conducted as planned[76]
2 September
00:53:43
RussiaProton-M/DM-2 Enhanced KazakhstanBaikonur Site 81/24 RussiaRoskosmos
RussiaKosmos 2464
(Glonass-M 736)
VKS Medium Earth NavigationIn orbitOperational
RussiaKosmos 2465
(Glonass-M 737)
VKS Medium Earth NavigationIn orbitOperational
RussiaKosmos 2466
(Glonass-M 738)
VKS Medium Earth NavigationIn orbitOperational
4 September
16:14
ChinaLong March 3B ChinaXichang LA-2 ChinaCNSA
ChinaChinasat-6A Sinosat Geosynchronous CommunicationIn orbitOperational
8 September
03:30
RussiaRokot/Briz-KM RussiaPlesetsk Site 133/3 RussiaRVSN
RussiaGonets-M No.2 Gonets SatCom[77] Low Earth CommunicationIn orbitOperational
RussiaKosmos 2467 (Strela-3) VKS Low Earth CommunicationIn orbitOperational
RussiaKosmos 2468 (Strela-3) VKS Low Earth CommunicationIn orbitOperational
10 September
10:22
RussiaSoyuz-U KazakhstanBaikonur Site 31/6 RussiaRoskosmos
RussiaProgress M-07M / 39P Roskosmos Current: Low Earth (ISS) Logistics20 February 2011
16:12
Successful
ISS flight 39P
11 September[78]
11:17
JapanH-IIA 202[79] JapanTanegashima LA-Y1 JapanMitsubishi
JapanQZSS-1 (Michibiki) JAXA Tundra NavigationIn orbitOperational
17 September
10:03
United StatesLGM-30G Minuteman III United StatesVandenberg LF-09 United StatesUS Air Force
US Air Force Suborbital Test flight17 SeptemberSuccessful
21 September
04:03:30
United StatesAtlas V 501 United StatesVandenberg SLC-3E United StatesUnited Launch Alliance
United StatesUSA-215 NRO Low Earth (retrograde) In orbitOperational
NRO Launch 41
21 September
13:07:30[80]
United StatesTerrier-Orion United StatesWallops Island LA-2/MRL United StatesNASA
United StatesSubTec-III NASA Suborbital Technology21 September
13:23[80]
Successful[80]
22 September
02:42[81]
ChinaLong March 2D ChinaJiuquan LA-4/SLS-2 ChinaCNSA
ChinaYaogan 11 CNSA Sun synchronous Optical imagingIn orbitOperational
ChinaZheda Pixing 1B CNSA Sun synchronous TechnologyIn orbitOperational
ChinaZheda Pixing 1C CNSA Sun synchronous TechnologyIn orbitOperational
26 September
04:41
United StatesMinotaur IV United StatesVandenberg SLC-8 United StatesOrbital Sciences
United StatesUSA-216 (SBSS) US Air Force Sun synchronous Technology
Satellite tracking
In orbitOperational
First orbital launch of Minotaur IV
30 September[82]
17:01[1]
RussiaMolniya-M/2BL RussiaPlesetsk Site 16/2 RussiaRVSN
RussiaKosmos 2469 (Oko) VKS Molniya Missile defenceIn orbitSuccessful
Final flight of Molniya-M[1]
1 October
10:59:57[83]
China Long March 3C China Xichang LA-2 China CNSA
ChinaChang'e 2 CNSA Selenocentric[84] Lunar orbiterIn orbitOperational
6 October
00:49
ChinaLong March 4B ChinaTaiyuan LC-2 ChinaCNSA
ChinaShijian 6G CNSA Sun synchronous TechnologyIn orbitOperational
ChinaShijian 6H CNSA Sun synchronous TechnologyIn orbitOperational
6 October United StatesARAV-B (Terrier-Oriole)? United StatesKauai United StatesMDA
MDA Suborbital Aegis radar target6 OctoberSuccessful
Aegis radar target, detected by STSS-Satellites
6 October United StatesARAV-B (Terrier-Oriole)? United StatesKauai United StatesMDA
MDA Suborbital Aegis radar target6 OctoberSuccessful
Aegis radar target, detected by STSS-Satellites
7 October[85]
03:10
RussiaRSM-56 Bulava RussiaTK-208 Dmitri Donskoi, White Sea RussiaVMF
VMF Suborbital Missile test7 OctoberSuccessful
7 October
23:10:57
RussiaSoyuz-FG KazakhstanBaikonur Site 1/5 RussiaRoskosmos
RussiaSoyuz TMA-01M Roskosmos Low Earth (ISS) ISS Expedition 2519 March 2011
07:54
Successful
Manned flight with three cosmonauts, maiden flight of modernised Soyuz-TMA spacecraft
14 October
18:53[86]
RussiaProton-M/Briz-M KazakhstanBaikonur Site 81/24 RussiaUnited StatesInternational Launch Services
United StatesXM-5 XM Satellite Radio Geosynchronous CommunicationIn orbitOperational
19 October
17:10:59
RussiaSoyuz-2.1a/Fregat KazakhstanBaikonur Site 31/6 European UnionRussiaStarsem
United StatesGlobalstar-2 #1 Globalstar Low Earth CommunicationIn orbitOperational
United StatesGlobalstar-2 #2 Globalstar Low Earth CommunicationIn orbitOperational
United StatesGlobalstar-2 #3 Globalstar Low Earth CommunicationIn orbitOperational
United StatesGlobalstar-2 #4 Globalstar Low Earth CommunicationIn orbitOperational
United StatesGlobalstar-2 #5 Globalstar Low Earth CommunicationIn orbitOperational
United StatesGlobalstar-2 #6 Globalstar Low Earth CommunicationIn orbitOperational
21 October[87]
17:00
CanadaBlack Brant IX United StatesSan Nicolas United StatesNASA
US Air Force Suborbital Target21 OctoberSuccessful
27 October
10:15[88]
United StatesNike Orion SwedenEsrange European UnionEuroLaunch
GermanyMAPHEUS-2 DLR Suborbital Technology27 OctoberSuccessful
Apogee: 153 km (95 mi)
27 October
15:11:53
RussiaSoyuz-U KazakhstanBaikonur Site 1/5 RussiaRoskosmos
RussiaProgress M-08M / 40P Roskosmos Low Earth (ISS) Logistics24 January 2011Successful[89]
ISS flight 40P
28 October[90]
09:59
RussiaRS-12M Topol RussiaPlesetsk RussiaRVSN
RVSN Suborbital Missile test28 OctoberSuccessful
28 October
10:30[91]
RussiaR-29RMU Sineva RussiaK-117 Bryansk, Barents Sea RussiaVMF
VMF Suborbital Missile test28 OctoberSuccessful
28 October
10:30[91]
RussiaR-29R Volna RussiaK-433 Svyatoy Georgiy Pobedonosets, Sea of Okhotsk RussiaVMF
VMF Suborbital Missile test28 OctoberSuccessful
28 October[92]
21:51
European UnionAriane 5ECA FranceKourou ELA-3 FranceArianespace
FranceEutelsat W3B Eutelsat Geosynchronous transfer
Intended: Geosynchronous
CommunicationIn orbitSpacecraft failure[93]
JapanBSAT-3b[94] BSAT Geosynchronous CommunicationIn orbitOperational[95]
Eutelsat W3B written-off as a total loss immediately after launch due to an oxidizer leak in the satellite's main propulsion system.[96]
29 October[97]
01:10
RussiaRSM-56 Bulava RussiaTK-208 Dmitri Donskoi, White Sea RussiaVMF
VMF Suborbital Missile test29 OctoberSuccessful
29 October
03:06
United StatesKauai United StatesMDA
JMSDF/MDA Suborbital ABM target29 OctoberSuccessful
Apogee: 161 km (100 mi), intercepted by SM-3
29 October
03:09
United StatesRIM-161 Standard Missile 3 JapanJDS Kirishima, Pacific Ocean JapanJMSDF
JMSDF Suborbital ABM test29 OctoberSuccessful
Apogee: 161 km (100 mi), intercepted target
31 October
16:26
ChinaLong March 3C ChinaXichang LA-2 ChinaCNSA
ChinaCompass-G4 CNSA Geostationary NavigationIn orbitOperational
2 November
00:59[98]
RussiaSoyuz-2.1a/Fregat RussiaPlesetsk Site 43/4 RussiaRVSN
RussiaMeridian 3 VKS Molniya CommunicationIn orbitOperational
4 November
18:37[99]
ChinaLong March 4C ChinaTaiyuan LC-2 ChinaCNSA
ChinaFeng Yun 3B CNSA Sun-synchronous WeatherIn orbitOperational
6 November
02:20
United StatesDelta II 7420-10 United StatesVandenberg SLC-2W United StatesUnited Launch Alliance
ItalyCOSMO-4 ASI Sun-synchronous Radar imagingIn orbitOperational
Final flight of Delta II 7420[100]
14 November
17:29
RussiaProton-M/Briz-M Enhanced KazakhstanBaikonur Site 200/39 RussiaUnited StatesInternational Launch Services
United StatesSkyTerra-1 SkyTerra Geosynchronous CommunicationIn orbitOperational[101]
20 November
01:25
United StatesMinotaur IV/HAPS United StatesKodiak LP-1 United StatesOrbital Sciences
United StatesSTPSat-2 STP Low Earth TechnologyIn orbitOperational
United StatesRAX University of Michigan Low Earth AuroralIn orbitOperational
United StatesO/OREOS NASA ARC Low Earth TechnologyIn orbitOperational
United StatesFASTSAT NASA Low Earth TechnologyIn orbitPartial spacecraft failure
United StatesNanoSail-D2 NASA Low Earth TechnologyIn orbitOperational
United StatesFalconSat-5 USAFA Low Earth TechnologyIn orbitOperational
United StatesSara-Lily (FASTRAC 1) Texas Low Earth TechnologyIn orbitOperational
United StatesEmma (FASTRAC 2) Texas Low Earth TechnologyIn orbitOperational
Maiden flight of Minotaur IV/HAPS. NanoSail-D2 should have been deployed from FASTSAT seven days after launch, immediate deployment failed but ejection was confirmed almost two months later on 19 January 2011
21 November
22:58[102]
United StatesDelta IV Heavy United StatesCape Canaveral SLC-37B United StatesUnited Launch Alliance
United StatesUSA-223 (Mentor) NRO Geosynchronous Spy satelliteIn orbitOperational
NRO launch 32
24 November
16:09[103]
ChinaLong March 3A ChinaXichang LC-3 ChinaCNSA
ChinaZhongxing-20A CNSA Geosynchronous CommunicationsIn orbitOperational
25 November
04:40
IndiaAgni I India Integrated Test Range IC-4 IndiaIndian Army
Indian Army Suborbital Missile test25 NovemberSuccessful
26 November
18:39
European UnionAriane 5ECA FranceKourou ELA-3 FranceArianespace
United NationsIntelsat 17 Intelsat Geosynchronous CommunicationIn orbitOperational
United KingdomHYLAS-1[104] Avanti[105] Geosynchronous CommunicationIn orbitOperational
40th consecutive Ariane 5 launch success
4 December
04:21[106]
United StatesNike-Improved Orion NorwayAndøya NorwayAndøya
NorwayGermanyECOMA 2010-1 Andøya/DLR Suborbital Aeronomy4 DecemberSuccessful
5 December
10:25
RussiaProton-M/DM-03 Enhanced KazakhstanBaikonur Site 81/24 RussiaRoskosmos
RussiaGlonass-M 739 VKS Intended: Medium Earth Navigation5 DecemberLaunch failure
Russia Glonass-M 740 VKS Intended: Medium Earth Navigation
RussiaGlonass-M 741 VKS Intended: Medium Earth Navigation
Maiden flight of Blok DM-03. Incorrect fuelling of upper stage led to mass being too great to achieve parking orbit, reentered over the Pacific Ocean.[8]
5 December
19:11
RussiaRS-12M Topol RussiaKapustin Yar RussiaRVSN
RVSN Suborbital Missile test5 DecemberSuccessful
6 December
16:45
CanadaTerrier-Orion United StatesWhite Sands United StatesNASA
United StatesTRaiNED NASA Suborbital Technology6 DecemberSuccessful
6 December
17:19
BrazilOrion BrazilAlcântara BrazilAEB
BrazilMaracati 2 INPE Suborbital Microgravity6 DecemberSuccessful
Test for Operation Maracati 2[107]
8 December
15:43
United StatesFalcon 9 v1.0 United StatesCape Canaveral SLC-40 United StatesSpaceX
United StatesDragon C1 SpaceX/NASA Low Earth Test spacecraft8 December
19:02
Successful
United StatesSMDC-ONE 1 US Army Low Earth Communications12 January 2011Successful
United StatesMayflower Northrop Grumman
/USC
Low Earth Technology22 DecemberSuccessful
United StatesQbX-1 NRO Low Earth Technology6 January 2011Successful
United StatesQbX-2 NRO Low Earth Technology16 January 2011Successful
United States Perseus 000 LANL Low Earth Technology30 DecemberSuccessful
United States Perseus 001 LANL Low Earth Technology31 DecemberSuccessful
United States Perseus 002 LANL Low Earth Technology30 DecemberSuccessful
United States Perseus 003 LANL Low Earth Technology31 DecemberSuccessful
COTS Demo 1, maiden flight of the SpaceX Dragon, Mayflower included Caerus payload operated by USC
10 December IndiaAgni-II Plus IndiaITR IC-3 IndiaIndian Army
Indian Army Suborbital Missile test10 DecemberLaunch failure
Upgraded Agni II version, fell into the sea shortly after launch
12 December
06:38[108]
CanadaBlack Brant XII NorwayAndøya United StatesNASA
United StatesRENU 1 New Hampshire Suborbital Geospace12 DecemberLaunch failure[109]
12 December
12:35
BrazilVSB-30 BrazilAlcântara BrazilAEB
BrazilMaracati 2 INPE Suborbital Microgravity12 December
12:51
Successful
Operation Maracati 2, MICROG 1A payload[110]
13 December
03:24
United StatesNike-Improved Orion NorwayAndøya NorwayAndøya
NorwayGermanyECOMA 2010-2 Andøya/DLR Suborbital Aeronomy13 DecemberSuccessful
15 December United StatesUGM-96 Trident I C4 (LV-2) Marshall IslandsMeck United StatesMDA
MDA Suborbital ABM target15 DecemberSuccessful
15 December United StatesGround Based Interceptor United StatesVandenberg LF-23 United StatesMDA
MDA Suborbital ABM test15 DecemberSpacecraft failure
Interceptor failed, the cause is under investigation
15 December
19:09[111]
RussiaSoyuz-FG KazakhstanBaikonur Site 1/5 RussiaRoskosmos
RussiaSoyuz TMA-20 Roskosmos Low Earth (ISS) ISS Expedition 2624 May 2011
02:27
Successful
Manned flight with three cosmonauts
17 December
20:04
ChinaLong March 3A ChinaXichang LC-3 ChinaCNSA
ChinaCompass IGSO-2 CNSA IGSO NavigationIn orbitOperational
19 December
02:36
United StatesNike-Improved Orion NorwayAndøya NorwayAndøya
NorwayGermanyECOMA 2010-3 Andøya/DLR Suborbital Aeronomy19 DecemberSuccessful
21 December PakistanGhauri PakistanTilla PakistanArmy of Pakistan
PakistanHaft-5 Army of Pakistan Suborbital Missile test21 DecemberSuccessful
Apogee: 100 km (62 mi)
22 December IndiaPrithvi II[23] India Integrated Test Range IC-3 IndiaDRDO
DRDO Suborbital Missile test22 DecemberSuccessful
22 December IndiaPrithvi II[23] India Integrated Test Range IC-3 IndiaDRDO
DRDO Suborbital Missile test22 DecemberSuccessful
25 December
10:34
IndiaGSLV Mk.I IndiaSatish Dhawan SLP IndiaISRO
IndiaGSAT-5P ISRO Intended: Geosynchronous Communication25 DecemberLaunch failure
Disintegrated during first stage flight
26 December
22:51
RussiaProton-M/Briz-M Enhanced KazakhstanBaikonur Site 200/39 RussiaUnited StatesInternational Launch Services
FranceKA-SAT Eutelsat Geosynchronous CommunicationIn orbitOperational
29 December
21:27
European UnionAriane 5ECA FranceKourou ELA-3 FranceArianespace
SpainHispasat-1E Hispasat Geosynchronous CommunicationIn orbitOperational
South KoreaKoreasat 6[112][113] Koreasat Geosynchronous CommunicationIn orbitOperational

Deep space rendezvous

Date Spacecraft Event Remarks
12 JanuaryCassini65th flyby of TitanClosest approach: 1,073 km (667 mi)
28 JanuaryCassini66th flyby of TitanClosest approach: 7,490 km (4,654 mi)
31 JanuaryArtemis P1Lunar flybyClosest approach: 11,992 km (7,451 mi) at 08:13 UTC[114]
1 FebruaryArtemis P2Lunar flybyClosest approach: 69,222 km (43,013 mi) at 14:44 UTC[114]
13 FebruaryArtemis P1Lunar flybyClosest approach: 2,958 km (1,838 mi) at 10:06 UTC[114]
13 FebruaryCassiniFlyby of MimasClosest approach: 9,520 km (5,915 mi)
16 FebruaryMars ExpressFlyby of PhobosClosest approach: 991 km (616 mi)
22 FebruaryMars ExpressFlyby of PhobosClosest approach: 574 km (357 mi)
25 FebruaryMars ExpressFlyby of PhobosClosest approach: 398 km (247 mi)
28 FebruaryMars ExpressFlyby of PhobosClosest approach: 226 km (140 mi)
1 MarchArtemis P2Lunar flybyClosest approach: 68,036 km (42,276 mi) at 04:11 UTC[114]
2 MarchCassini2nd flyby of RheaClosest approach: 100 km (62 mi)
3 MarchCassiniFlyby of HeleneClosest approach: 1,803 km (1,120 mi)
3 MarchMars ExpressFlyby of PhobosClosest approach: 67 km (42 mi)
7 MarchMars ExpressFlyby of PhobosClosest approach: 107 km (66 mi)
10 MarchMars ExpressFlyby of PhobosClosest approach: 286 km (178 mi)
13 MarchMars ExpressFlyby of PhobosClosest approach: 476 km (296 mi)
16 MarchMars ExpressFlyby of PhobosClosest approach: 662 km (411 mi)
19 MarchMars ExpressFlyby of PhobosClosest approach: 848 km (527 mi)
23 MarchMars ExpressFlyby of PhobosClosest approach: 1,341 km (833 mi)
26 MarchMars ExpressFlyby of PhobosClosest approach: 1,304 km (810 mi)
28 MarchArtemis P2Lunar flybyClosest approach: 9,366 km (5,820 mi) at 07:34 UTC[114]
5 AprilCassini67th flyby of TitanClosest approach: 7,462 km (4,637 mi)
7 AprilCassini2nd flyby of DioneClosest approach: 504 km (313 mi)
28 AprilCassini9th flyby of EnceladusClosest approach: 103 km (64 mi)
18 MayCassini10th flyby of EnceladusClosest approach: 201 km (125 mi)
20 MayCassini68th flyby of TitanClosest approach: 1,400 km (870 mi)
5 JuneCassini69th flyby of TitanClosest approach: 2,044 km (1,270 mi)
13 JuneHayabusaFirst sample return mission from asteroidSample canister successful recovered to Earth
21 JuneCassini70th flyby of TitanClosest approach: 955 km (593 mi)
7 JulyCassini71st flyby of TitanClosest approach: 1,005 km (624 mi)
10 JulyRosettaFlyby of 21 LutetiaClosest approach: 3,100 km (1,926 mi)[115]
13 AugustCassini11th flyby of EnceladusClosest approach: 2,554 km (1,587 mi)
25 AugustArtemis P1LL2 orbit insertion
24 SeptemberCassini72nd flyby of TitanClosest approach: 8,175 km (5,080 mi)
6 OctoberChang'e 2Lunar orbit insertion
16 OctoberCassiniFlyby of PalleneClosest approach: 36,000 km (22,369 mi)
22 OctoberArtemis P2LL1 orbit insertion
4 NovemberDeep ImpactFlyby of Hartley 2Closest approach: 700 km (435 mi)[116]
11 NovemberCassini73rd flyby of Titan
30 NovemberCassini12th flyby of EnceladusClosest approach: 47.9 km (30 mi)
7 DecemberAkatsuki1st flyby of VenusCytherocentric orbit insertion failure
Closest approach: 550 km (342 mi)
8 DecemberIKAROSFlyby of VenusClosest approach: 80,800 km (50,207 mi)
21 DecemberCassini13th flyby of EnceladusClosest approach: 50 km (31 mi)
DecemberShin'enFlyby of Venusnot confirmed.
Distant, non-targeted flybys of Dione, Enceladus, Mimas, Rhea, Tethys and Titan by Cassini will occur throughout the first half of the year.

EVAs

Start Date/Time Duration End Time Spacecraft Crew Remarks
14 January
10:05
5 hours
44 minutes
15:49 Expedition 22
ISS Pirs
RussiaOleg Kotov
RussiaMaksim Surayev
Prepared the Poisk module for future dockings.[117]
12 February
02:17
6 hours
32 minutes
08:49 STS-130
ISS Quest
United StatesRobert L. Behnken
United StatesNicholas Patrick
Removed a protective cover on a port on the Unity node where Tranquility was berthed halfway through the spacewalk. The pair then transferred a spare parts platform for the Special Purpose Dexterous Manipulator from the shuttle to the station. Once that task is completed Behnken and Patrick made several connections on the newly installed Tranquility node to begin its activation.
14 February
02:20
5 hours
54 minutes
08:14 STS-130
ISS Quest
United StatesRobert L. Behnken
United StatesNicholas Patrick
Installed ammonia plumbing and connectors between Unity, Destiny and Tranquility and covered them with thermal insulation. Prepared the nadir port on Tranquility for the relocation of the Cupola, and installed handrails on the exterior of Tranquility.
17 February
02:15
5 hours
48 minutes
08:03 STS-130
ISS Quest
United StatesRobert L. Behnken
United StatesNicholas Patrick
Installed additional ammonia plumbing between Unity and Tranquility, removed insulation and launch locks from the Cupola, installed additional handrails on the exterior of Tranquility and performed get-ahead tasks to support the installation of a Power Data Grapple Fixture (PDGF) on the exterior of Zarya with cable installation on Unity and the S0 truss.
9 April
05:31
6 hours
27 minutes
11:58 STS-131
ISS Quest
United StatesRichard Mastracchio
United StatesClayton Anderson
Relocated new an ammonia tank from the Shuttle's payload bay to a temporary stowage location and disconnected the fluid lines to the old ammonia tank on the S1 truss. Retrieved a Japanese seed experiment from the exterior of the Kibo laboratory for return to earth and replaced a failed gyroscope on the S0 truss. Performed get-ahead tasks including the opening of a window flap on the zenith CBM of Harmony, and removed launch restraint bolts from a Flex Hose Rotary Coupler (FHRC) on the P1 truss.
11 April
05:30
7 hours
26 minutes
12:56 STS-131
ISS Quest
United StatesRichard Mastracchio
United StatesClayton Anderson
The old ammonia tank was removed from the S1 truss and was replaced with the new tank. The electrical connections to the tank were made, but the fluid lines were deferred to the mission's third EVA due to time constraints since the installation was prolonged by a problem with the bolts that hold the tank to the truss. The old tank was relocated to a temporary stowage location on the station and a foot restraint was relocated in preparation for a future shuttle mission's spacewalk.
13 April
06:14
6 hours
24 minutes
12:36 STS-131
ISS Quest
United StatesRichard Mastracchio
United StatesClayton Anderson
The fluid lines were connected to the new ammonia tank and the old tank was moved to the shuttle's payload bay for return to Earth. Micro-meteoroid debris shields from the Quest airlock which were no longer necessary were brought inside the airlock for return to Earth inside the Leonardo MPLM. The Z1 truss was prepared for the installation of a spare antenna on the next shuttle mission, and a foot restraint was relocated in preparation for a future spacewalk. The retrieval of an external carrier plate on Columbus was deferred to another shuttle mission due to time constraints after problems were encountered with attaching the old ammonia tank to a carrier in the payload bay, and several other tasks were deferred to later EVAs due to the replanning from the problems with the mission's second EVA.
17 May
11:54
7 hours
25 minutes
19:19 STS-132
ISS Quest
United StatesGarrett Reisman
United StatesStephen G. Bowen
Installed a spare space-to-ground Ku-band antenna on the Z1 truss; installed new tool platform on Dextre, and broke torque on bolts holding replacement batteries to the ICC-VLD cargo carrier.
19 May
10:38
7 hours
9 minutes
17:47 STS-132
ISS Quest
United StatesStephen G. Bowen
United StatesMichael T. Good
Repaired Atlantis' Orbiter Boom Sensor System (OBSS); P6 battery replacement (4 of 6 units); and removed gimbal locks from the Ku-band antenna installed on the first EVA of the mission.
21 May
10:27
6 hours
46 minutes
17:13 STS-132
ISS Quest
United StatesMichael T. Good
United StatesGarrett Reisman
P6 battery replacement (final 2 of 6 units); installed ammonia "jumpers" at the P4/P5 interface; retrieved a spare PDGF from Atlantis' payload bay and stowed it inside the Quest airlock. The spacewalkers also replenished supplies of EVA tools in toolboxes on the exterior of the station.
27 July
04:11
6 hours
42 minutes
10:53 Expedition 24
ISS Pirs
RussiaFyodor Yurchikhin
RussiaMikhail Korniyenko
Replaced an ATV video camera on Zvezda, routed command and data handling lines from Zvezda and Zarya to the new Rassvet module as well as made KURS connections between Rassvet and Zarya to allow future automated dockings to the new module. Then the two cosmonauts jettisoned the old ATV video camera.
7 August
11:19
8 hours
3 minutes
19:22 Expedition 24
ISS Quest
United StatesDouglas H. Wheelock
United StatesTracy Caldwell Dyson
Attempted to replace failed S1 ammonia pump module. The spacewalkers did not complete all of the planned tasks due to a quick disconnect that got stuck and would not release. The pair had to complete a "bake-out" in order to ensure there was no ammonia on their suits before re-entering the Space Station.[118]
11 August
12:27
7 hours
26 minutes
19:53 Expedition 24
ISS Quest
United StatesDouglas H. Wheelock
United StatesTracy Caldwell Dyson
Completed removal of failed pump module from the S1 truss and began installation preparations on the replacement pump.[119]
16 August
10:20
7 hours
20 minutes
17:40 Expedition 24
ISS Quest
United StatesDouglas H. Wheelock
United StatesTracy Caldwell Dyson
Installed new pump module on the S1 truss.[120]
15 November
14:55
6 hours
27 minutes
21:22 Expedition 25
ISS Pirs
RussiaFyodor Yurchikhin
RussiaOleg Skripochka
Install a multipurpose workstation on Zvezda, retrieve camera, retrieve kontur, install new materials experiment, collect samples below insulation.[121]

Orbital launch statistics

By country

China: 15Europe: 6India: 3Israel: 1Japan: 2South Korea: 1Russia: 31USA: 15Circle frame.svg
Country Launches Successes Failures Partial
failures
Remarks
 China151500
 Europe6600
 India3120
 Israel1100
 Japan2200
 South Korea1010With Russian assistance
 Russia /
 CIS
313010
 United States151500
World747040

By launch vehicle

By rocket family

Family Country Launches Successes Failures Partial failures Remarks
Angara Russia1010
Ariane Europe6600
Atlas United States4400
Delta United States4400
Falcon United States2200
GSLV India2020
H-II Japan2200
Jericho France
 Israel
1100
Long March China151500
Minotaur United States2200
R-7 Russia131300
R-14 Russia1100
R-36 Ukraine3300
PSLV India1100
Space Shuttle United States3300
Universal Rocket Russia141310

By rocket type

Rocket Country Family Launches Successes Failures Partial failures Remarks
Ariane 5 EuropeAriane6600
Atlas V United StatesAtlas4400
Delta II United StatesDelta1100
Delta IV United StatesDelta3300
Dnepr UkraineR-363300
Falcon 9 United StatesFalcon2200Maiden flight
Geosynchronous Satellite Launch Vehicle IndiaGSLV2020
H-IIA JapanH-II2200
Kosmos RussiaR-12/R-141100
Long March 2 ChinaLong March3300
Long March 3 ChinaLong March8800
Long March 4 ChinaLong March4400
Minotaur IV United StatesMinotaur2200Maiden flight
Molniya RussiaR-71100Retired
Naro Russia
 South Korea
Angara1010
Proton RussiaUniversal Rocket121110
Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle IndiaPSLV1100
Shavit IsraelJericho1100
Soyuz RussiaR-7101000
Soyuz-2 RussiaR-72200
Space Shuttle United StatesSpace Shuttle3300
UR-100 RussiaUniversal Rocket2200

By rocket configuration

By spaceport

Site Country Launches Successes Failures Partial failures Remarks
Baikonur Kazakhstan   242310
Cape Canaveral United States   8800
Dombarovsky Russia   1100
Jiuquan China   4400
Kennedy United States   3300
Kodiak United States   1100
Kourou France   6600
Naro South Korea   1010
Palmachim Israel   1100
Plesetsk Russia   6600
Satish Dhawan India   3120
Taiyuan China   3300
Tanegashima Japan   2200
Vandenberg United States   3300
Xichang China   8800

By target orbit

Orbital regime Launches Successes Failures Accidentally
achieved
Remarks
Low Earth37361012 to ISS
Medium Earth4310
Geosynchronous/transfer282620
High Earth4400Including highly elliptical (Molniya, Tundra) and lunar transfer orbits
Heliocentric orbit1100Including planetary transfer orbits

References

  • Bergin, Chris. "NASASpaceFlight.com".
  • Clark, Stephen. "Spaceflight Now".
  • Kelso, T.S. "Satellite Catalog (SATCAT)". CelesTrak.
  • Krebs, Gunter. "Chronology of Space Launches".
  • Kyle, Ed. "Space Launch Report".
  • McDowell, Jonathan. "Jonathan's Space Report".
  • Pietrobon, Steven. "Steven Pietrobon's Space Archive".
  • Wade, Mark. "Encyclopedia Astronautica".
  • Webb, Brian. "Southwest Space Archive".
  • Zak, Anatoly. "Russian Space Web".
  • "ISS Calendar". Spaceflight 101.
  • "NSSDCA Master Catalog". NASA Space Science Data Coordinated Archive. NASA Goddard Space Flight Center.
  • "Space Calendar". NASA Jet Propulsion Laboratory.
  • "Space Information Center". JAXA.
  • "Хроника освоения космоса" [Chronicle of space exploration]. CosmoWorld (in Russian).
Generic references:

Footnotes

  1. 1 2 3 4 Mu, Xuequan (1 October 2010). "Russia sends military satellite into space". Xinhua. Archived from the original on 3 October 2010. Retrieved 30 September 2010.
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