See also: and
U+9E79, 鹹
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-9E79

[U+9E78]
CJK Unified Ideographs
[U+9E7A]

Translingual

Han character

(radical 197, +9, 20 strokes, cangjie input 卜田戈竹口 (YWIHR), four-corner 23650, composition)

  • – simplified to an existing character.

See also

References

  • KangXi: page 1507, character 20
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 47553
  • Dae Jaweon: page 2035, character 22
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 7, page 4610, character 19
  • Unihan data for U+9E79

Chinese

trad.
simp. *
variant forms

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series () (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
*kɯːmʔ
*kɯːmʔ
*kʰɯːmʔ, *ŋɡrɯːms
*kʰɯːmʔ, *kʰɯːms
*ɡɯːmʔ
*ɡɯːms
*qʰaːmʔ, *qʰrɯːmʔ, *ɡrɯːmʔ
*krɯːm
*krɯːm, *kjum
*krɯːm, *ŋɡrɯːm
*krɯːmʔ, *ɡrɯːmʔ
*ŋɡrɯːm, *ɡram
*ŋɡrɯːm
*ɡrɯːm
*ɡrɯːm
*ɡrɯːm
*ɡrɯːm
*ɡrɯːm
*ɡrɯːm
*ɡam, *ɡram, *kjɯm
*kjɯm
*kjɯm
*kjum

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ɡrɯːm) : semantic  (salt) + phonetic  (OC *ɡrɯːm).

Pronunciation


Note:
  • gèng - vernacular;
  • hàng - literary.
Note:
  • 3hhe - vernacular;
  • 3hhi - literary.

  • Dialectal data
Variety Location
Mandarin Beijing /ɕian³⁵/
Harbin /ɕian²⁴/
Tianjin /ɕian⁴⁵/
Jinan /ɕiã⁴²/
Qingdao /ɕiã⁴²/
Zhengzhou /ɕian⁴²/
Xi'an /ɕiã²⁴/ ~陽
/xã²⁴/ ~菜
Xining /ɕiã²⁴/
Yinchuan /ɕian⁵³/
Lanzhou /ɕiɛ̃n⁵³/
/xɛ̃n⁵³/
Ürümqi /ɕian⁵¹/
/xan⁵¹/
Wuhan /ɕiɛn²¹³/
Chengdu /xan³¹/
Guiyang /ɕian²¹/
Kunming /ɕiɛ̃³¹/
Nanjing /ɕien²⁴/
Hefei /ɕiĩ⁵⁵/
Jin Taiyuan /ɕie¹¹/
Pingyao /ɕiɑŋ¹³/ ~阳
/xɑŋ¹³/ ~菜
Hohhot /ɕie³¹/
Wu Shanghai /ɦe²³/
Suzhou /ɦiɪ¹³/
Hangzhou /ɦiẽ̞²¹³/
Wenzhou /ɦa³¹/
Hui Shexian /ɕie⁴⁴/
/xɛ⁴⁴/ ~鹽
Tunxi /xɔ⁴⁴/
Xiang Changsha /xan¹³/ ~魚
Xiangtan /ɦan¹²/
Gan Nanchang /han²⁴/
Hakka Meixian /ham¹¹/
Taoyuan /hɑm¹¹/
Cantonese Guangzhou /ham²¹/
Nanning /ham²¹/
Hong Kong /ham²¹/
Min Xiamen (Min Nan) /ham³⁵/
/kiam³⁵/
Fuzhou (Min Dong) /kɛiŋ⁵³/
Jian'ou (Min Bei) /aŋ²¹/
Shantou (Min Nan) /ham⁵⁵/
/kiam⁵⁵/
Haikou (Min Nan) /ham³¹/

Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1
Initial () (33)
Final () (151)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division () II
Fanqie
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/ɦˠɛm/
Pan
Wuyun
/ɦᵚæm/
Shao
Rongfen
/ɣɐm/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/ɦəɨm/
Li
Rong
/ɣɐm/
Wang
Li
/ɣɐm/
Bernard
Karlgren
/ɣăm/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
xián
BaxterSagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character
Reading # 1/1
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)
xián
Middle
Chinese
‹ hɛm ›
Old
Chinese
/*Cə.[ɡ]ˁr[o]m/
English salty

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1
No. 13516
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
1
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*ɡrɯːm/
Notes

Definitions

  1. salty; briny
  2. salted
  3. (Min Nan) stingy; miserly

Synonyms

  • (stingy):

Compounds


Japanese

Kanji

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

  1. salty

Readings

  • On (unclassified): かん (kan)
  • Kun: しおからい (shiokarai), しおけ (shioke)

Compounds


Korean

Hanja

(ham) (hangeul , revised ham, McCuneReischauer ham, Yale ham)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

(hàm)

  1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.
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