螳螂

Chinese

praying mantis
simp. and trad.
(螳螂)
variant forms 螳蜋
螗螂
蟷蜋
當郎当郎
螳螂

Etymology

Pronunciation



Rime
Character
Reading # 1/1 2/2
Initial () (7) (37)
Final () (101) (101)
Tone (調) Level (Ø) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open Open
Division () I I
Fanqie
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang
/dɑŋ/ /lɑŋ/
Pan
Wuyun
/dɑŋ/ /lɑŋ/
Shao
Rongfen
/dɑŋ/ /lɑŋ/
Edwin
Pulleyblank
/daŋ/ /laŋ/
Li
Rong
/dɑŋ/ /lɑŋ/
Wang
Li
/dɑŋ/ /lɑŋ/
Bernard
Karlgren
/dʱɑŋ/ /lɑŋ/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex
táng láng
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character
Reading # 1/1 1/1
No. 11142 8032
Phonetic
component
Rime
group
Rime
subdivision
0 0
Corresponding
MC rime
Old
Chinese
/*daːŋ/ /*raːŋ/
Notes

Noun

螳螂

  1. praying mantis (Classifier: )

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 螳螂 (“praying mantis”) [map]
Variety Location Words
Classical Chinese 螳蜋, 螳蠰, 蟷蜋, 蟷蠰, 䖨蜋, 莫貈, , , 不過, , 蝆蝆, 天馬, 齕疣, 食疣, 蚚父, 拒斧, 蜛蚥, 馬敫, 勇蟲
Formal (Written Standard Chinese) 螳螂
Taxonomic name 螳螂
Mandarin Beijing 刀螂
Taiwan 螳螂
Tianjin 刀螂
Harbin 刀螂
Jinan 刀螂
Muping 刀龍
Luoyang 螳螂
Jiedian 鋤田老漢
Xi'an 猴子
Qingdao 刀螂
Zhengzhou 砍刀
Xining 螳螂
Xuzhou 砍頭螂
Wuhan 修子, 蔥擔婆
Chengdu 孫猴子
Guiyang 螳螂
Guilin 螳螂
Liuzhou 馬螂䗧
Yangzhou 刀螂子
Nanjing 螳螂
Hefei 刀螂
Cantonese Guangzhou 馬螂狂
Hong Kong 螳螂, 馬螂狂
Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou) 斬柴郎
Taishan 鉸剪霎
Dongguan 螳螂
Yangjiang 馬騮狂
Nanning 馬螂狂
Wuzhou 馬螂狂
Yulin 馬螂狂
Hepu 馬螂狂
Kuala Lumpur 螳螂
Gan Nanchang 螳螂
Lichuan 螳螂
Pingxiang 猴子
Hakka Meixian 螳螂仔, 螳螂
Luchuan 馬猴螳
Yudu 碓雞公, 猴子
Miaoli (N. Sixian) 草馬仔, 挨礱披波, 老虎哥
Liudui (S. Sixian) 竹篙鬼, 調羹仔, 㧡水擔竿, 五爪鬼, 草馬仔, 挨礱披波
Hsinchu (Hailu) 老虎哥, 挨礱披波
Dongshi (Dabu) 草馬, 挨礱噓呼
Hsinchu (Raoping) 挨礱披波, 草馬仔, 草馬, 老虎哥
Yunlin (Zhao'an) 草猴
Hong Kong 豹虎哥
Senai 螳螂, 斬刀羊 dated
Huizhou Jixi 滾龍狂
Jin Taiyuan 扁擔婆
Xinzhou 掐猴猴蟲, 槌敲
Min Bei Jian'ou 蘆螞
Min Dong Fuzhou 草蜢哥
Fuqing 慘蜢
Min Nan Xiamen 草猴, 草衝
Quanzhou 芒螳
Zhangzhou 虎魯舅
Taipei 草猴
Kaohsiung 草猴
Tainan 草猴
Taichung 草猴
Hsinchu 草猴, 鐵頭
Lukang 螳螂
Sanxia 草猴
Yilan 草猴
Kinmen 國舅, 樹貓
Magong 草猴
Chaozhou 草猴
Shantou 草猴
Johor Bahru 杜猴
Haikou 擔油公
Puxian Min Putian 草猴
Xianyou 草猴
Pinghua Nanning 馬螂䗧
Guilin 虎頭劈
Wu Shanghai 螳螂
Suzhou 螳螂
Hangzhou 螳螂
Wenzhou 頭毛公公, 頭毛娘, 頭毛虎, 頭毛吊, 打刀娘, 剪裾娘, 紫金娘
Chongming 螳螂
Danyang 蚱螂
Xiang Changsha 禾老蟲
Shuangfeng 禾老蟲
Loudi 禾老蟲
Quanzhou 螳螂

Derived terms

  • 螳螂奮臂螳螂奋臂
  • 螳螂拒轍螳螂拒辙
  • 螳螂拳
  • 螳螂捕蟬螳螂捕蝉

Descendants

Sino-Xenic (螳螂):

Japanese

Etymology 1

Kanji in this term
Hyōgaiji Hyōgaiji
Irregular

Either a compound of (kama, sickle) + 切り (kiri, cutting; cutter, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, continuative or stem form) of verb 切る (kiru, to cut)), or of (kama, sickle) + キリ (kiri, onomatopoeia), where the kiri is imitative of the sound made by grasshoppers and katydids, and is found as a common element in the names of several insects of similar size and body shape. Compare 螽斯 (kirigirisu, grasshopper; katydid), 笹切 (sasakiri, bush cricket; katydid).

Considering the sharp forelegs of the mantis, the first derivation may be more probable.

The kanji are jukujikun (熟字訓), from Chinese 螳螂.

Pronunciation

Alternative forms

Noun

螳螂 (hiragana かまきり, katakana カマキリ, rōmaji kamakiri)

  1. a mantis (any of various large insects of the order Mantodea)
  2. (by extension, from the slender build of the insect) a skinny person or horse
  3. (rare) a fourspine sculpin, a fish of species Cottus kazika.
Synonyms
  • (fish):  (あゆ) (かけ) (ayukake)
Usage notes

As with many terms that name organisms, this term is often spelled in katakana, especially in biological contexts, as カマキリ.

For the fourspine sculpin sense, the more common kanji spellings are 鎌切 and 杜父魚.[4][1]

Etymology 2

Kanji in this term
とう
Hyōgaiji
ろう
Hyōgaiji
on’yomi

From Middle Chinese 螳螂 (MC dɑŋ lɨɐŋ|lɑŋ).

Pronunciation

Alternative forms

Noun

螳螂 (hiragana とうろう, rōmaji tōrō, historical hiragana たうらう)

  1. a mantis
Derived terms
  •  (とう) (ろう) (おの) ()りて (りゅう) (しゃ) ()かう (tōrō ga ono o torite ryūsha ni mukau): “the mantis takes [up] its hatchets and faces off against a grand chariot” → a metaphor for a futile endeavor; compare English piss in the wind, quixotic
  •  (とう) (ろう) (おの)をもって (りゅう) (しゃ) ()かう (tōrō ga ono o motte ryūsha ni mukau): “the mantis takes [up] its hatchets and faces off against a grand chariot” → a metaphor for a futile endeavor; compare English piss in the wind, quixotic
  •  (とう) (ろう) (おの) (tōrō no ono): “the mantis's hatchets” → a metaphor for a futile endeavor; compare English piss in the wind, quixotic

References

  1. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. 1997, 新明解国語辞典 (Shin Meikai Kokugo Jiten), Fifth Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  3. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
  4. 1988, 国語大辞典(新装版) (Kokugo Dai Jiten, Revised Edition) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan

Korean

Hanja in this term

Noun

螳螂 (dangnang) (hangeul 당랑)

  1. Hanja form? of 당랑 (mantis).
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