粽

See also: 糉 and 糭

粽	U+7CBD, 粽 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-7CBD

← 粼
[U+7CBC]

CJK Unified Ideographs

精 →
[U+7CBE]

Translingual

Han character

粽 (radical 119, 米+8, 14 strokes, cangjie input 火木十一火 (FDJMF), four-corner 9399₁, composition ⿰米宗)

Derived characters

𪷯, 𣰤

Related characters

糉, 糭 (Variant forms of 粽)

References

KangXi: page 910, character 6
Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 26993
Dae Jaweon: page 1336, character 6
Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 5, page 3153, character 5
Unihan data for U+7CBD

Chinese

trad.		粽/糉
simp.		粽
variant forms		糭

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (宗) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
淙	zuːŋ, sruːŋs, *zuːŋ
鬃	zuːŋ, ʔsoːŋ, *zuːŋ
漴	*zruːŋs
粽	*ʔsoːŋs
宗	*ʔsuːŋ
倧	*ʔsuːŋ
綜	*ʔsuːŋs
錝	*ʔsuːŋs
賨	*zuːŋ
琮	*zuːŋ
悰	*zuːŋ
孮	*zuːŋ
誴	*zuːŋ
崇	*zruŋ
崈	*zruŋ
踪	*ʔsoŋ

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *ʔsoːŋs) : semantic 米 (“rice”) + phonetic 宗 (OC *ʔsuːŋ).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Standard)
(Pinyin): zòng, zhòng (zong⁴, zhong⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄗㄨㄥˋ, ㄓㄨㄥˋ

(Chengdu, SP): zong⁴
Cantonese
(Guangzhou, Jyutping): zung³, zung²

(Taishan, Wiktionary): duung^4*, duung⁴
Gan (Wiktionary): zung⁴
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): chung

(Meixian, Guangdong): zung⁴
Jin (Wiktionary): jyng³
Min Dong (BUC): cáe̤ng
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): chàng

(Teochew, Peng'im): zang³
Wu (Wiktionary): tson (T2)
Xiang (Wiktionary): zong⁴

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: zòng
  - Zhuyin: ㄗㄨㄥˋ
  - Wade–Giles: tsung⁴
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tzonq
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡sʊŋ⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, variant)⁺
  - Pinyin: zhòng
  - Zhuyin: ㄓㄨㄥˋ
  - Wade–Giles: chung⁴
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jonq
  - IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂʊŋ⁵¹/
- (Chengdu)
  - Sichuanese Pinyin: zong⁴
  - Scuanxua Ladinxua Xin Wenz: zung
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡soŋ²¹³/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: zung³, zung²
  - Yale: jung, júng
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzung³, dzung²
  - Guangdong Romanization: zung³, zung²
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡sʊŋ³³/, /t͡sʊŋ³⁵/

Note:

zung3 - colloquial;
zung2 - variant.

- (Taishanese, Taicheng)
  - Wiktionary: duung^4*, duung⁴
  - IPA ^(key): /tɵŋ²¹⁻²¹⁵/, /tɵŋ²¹/

Note:

duung4* - by itself or at end of compound, e.g. 糯米粽;
duung4 - at beginning of compound, e.g. 粽葉.

Gan
- (Nanchang)
  - Wiktionary: zung⁴
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡suŋ³⁵/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: chung
  - Hakka Romanization System: zung
  - Hagfa Pinyim: zung⁴
  - IPA: /t͡suŋ⁵⁵/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: zung⁴
  - IPA: /t͡sʊŋ⁵³/
Jin
- (Taiyuan)⁺
  - Wiktionary: jyng³
  - IPA (old-style): /t͡ɕỹŋ⁴⁵/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: cáe̤ng
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡sɔyŋ²¹³/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chàng
  - Tâi-lô: tsàng
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zaxng
  - IPA (Xiamen): /t͡saŋ²¹/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡saŋ⁴¹/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /t͡saŋ²¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /t͡saŋ¹¹/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /t͡saŋ²¹/
- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: zang³
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: tsàng
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡saŋ²¹³/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: tson (T2)
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡sʊŋ³⁴/
Xiang
- (Changsha)
  - Wiktionary: zong⁴
  - IPA ^(key) (old-style): /t͡sʊŋ⁴⁵/
  - IPA ^(key) (new-style): /t͡sən⁴⁵/

Dialectal data▼

Variety	Location	edit 粽
Mandarin	Beijing	/t͡suŋ⁵¹/
	Harbin	/t͡suŋ⁵³/ /t͡səŋ⁵³/
	Tianjin	/t͡suŋ⁵³/
	Jinan	/t͡ɕyŋ²¹/
	Qingdao	/t͡səŋ⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/t͡syuŋ³¹²/
	Xi'an	/t͡suŋ⁵³/
	Xining	/t͡suə̃²¹³/
	Yinchuan	/t͡suŋ¹³/
	Lanzhou	/t͡sũn¹³/
	Ürümqi	/t͡suŋ²¹³/
	Wuhan	/t͡soŋ³⁵/
	Chengdu	/t͡soŋ¹³/
	Guiyang	/t͡soŋ²¹³/
	Kunming	/t͡soŋ¹/
	Nanjing	/t͡soŋ⁴⁴/
	Hefei	/t͡səŋ⁵³/
Jin	Taiyuan	/t͡ɕyəŋ⁴⁵/
	Pingyao	/t͡ɕyŋ³⁵/
	Hohhot	/t͡sũŋ⁵⁵/
Wu	Shanghai	/t͡soŋ³⁵/
	Suzhou	/t͡soŋ⁵¹³/
	Hangzhou	/t͡soŋ⁴⁴⁵/
	Wenzhou	/t͡soŋ⁴²/
Hui	Shexian	/t͡sʌ̃³²⁴/
Hui	Tunxi	/t͡san⁴²/
Xiang	Changsha	/t͡soŋ⁵⁵/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/t͡sən⁵⁵/
Gan	Nanchang	/t͡suŋ⁴⁵/
Hakka	Meixian	/t͡suŋ⁵³/
Hakka	Taoyuan	/t͡suŋ⁵⁵/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/t͡soŋ³⁵/
	Nanning	/t͡suŋ³³/
	Hong Kong	/t͡suŋ³⁵/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/t͡sɔŋ²¹/ /t͡saŋ²¹/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/t͡sɔyŋ²¹²/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/t͡sɔŋ³³/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/t͡saŋ²¹³/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/taŋ³⁵/

Middle Chinese: /t͡suŋ^H/▼

Rime
Character	粽
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	精 (13)
Final (韻)	東 (1)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	作弄切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡suŋ^H/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡suŋ^H/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡suŋ^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡səwŋ^H/
Li Rong	/t͡suŋ^H/
Wang Li	/t͡suŋ^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/t͡suŋ^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zòng

Old Chinese▼
(Zhengzhang): /*ʔsoːŋs/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	粽
Reading #	1/1
No.	17891
Phonetic component	宗
Rime group	東
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	糉
Old Chinese	/*ʔsoːŋs/
Notes	俗糉字

Definitions

粽

zongzi (dumpling made of glutinous rice, wrapped in leaves) (Classifier: 隻／只 c)

Synonyms

Dialectal synonyms of 粽子 (“zongzi (sticky rice dumpling)”) [map]
Variety	Location	Words edit
Classical Chinese		粽, 角黍, 角粽, 角飯
Formal (Written Standard Chinese)		粽子
Mandarin	Beijing	粽子
	Taiwan	粽子
	Harbin	粽子
	Jinan	粽子
	Muping	粽子
	Luoyang	粽子
	Wanrong	粽子
	Xi'an	粽子
	Xining	粽子
	Xuzhou	粽子
	Yinchuan	粽子
	Lanzhou	粽子
	Ürümqi	粽子
	Wuhan	粽子
	Chengdu	粽子
	Guiyang	粽粑
	Liuzhou	粽子
	Yangzhou	粽子
	Nanjing	粽子
Cantonese	Guangzhou	粽
	Hong Kong	粽
	Hong Kong (San Tin Weitou)	粽
	Foshan	粽
	Shunde	粽
	Zhongshan (Shiqi)	粽
	Doumen (Shangheng Tanka)	粽糍
	Taishan	粽
	Kaiping (Chikan)	粽
	Dongguan	粽
	Shaoguan	粽
	Yunfu	粽仔
	Xinyi	粽, 古粽
	Lianjiang	古粽
	Nanning	粽
	Wuzhou	粽
	Yulin	粽, 米粽
	Hepu	粽
	Kuala Lumpur	粽
Gan	Nanchang	粽子
	Lichuan	粽仔, 粽子
	Pingxiang	粽子
Hakka	Meixian	粽仔
	Luchuan	米粽
	Changting	粽子
	Wuping	粽子
	Ninghua	粽
	Yudu	粽子
	Miaoli (N. Sixian)	粽仔
	Liudui (S. Sixian)	粽仔
	Hsinchu (Hailu)	粽仔
	Dongshi (Dabu)	粽
	Hsinchu (Raoping)	粽仔, 粽
	Yunlin (Zhao'an)	餡粽
	Hong Kong	裹粽, 粽
	Sabah	裹粽, 粽
	Senai	粽
Huizhou	Jixi	裹粽
Jin	Taiyuan	粽子
Jin	Xinzhou	粽子, 粽粽
Min Dong	Fuzhou	粽, 裹粽, 角黍 suburbs
Min Dong	Fuqing	粽
Min Nan	Xiamen	粽
	Quanzhou	粽
	Zhangzhou	粽
	Penang	粽
	Pingnan	粽
	Chaozhou	粽, 粽球
	Shantou	粽, 粽球
	Johor Bahru	粽
	Haikou	粽
	Leizhou	粽
Pinghua	Nanning	粽子
Wu	Shanghai	粽子
	Suzhou	粽子
	Hangzhou	粽子
	Wenzhou	粽
	Chongming	粽子
	Danyang	粽子
	Jinhua	粽
	Ningbo	粽子
Xiang	Changsha	粽子
	Loudi	粽子
	Quanzhou	粽粑, 粽子

Compounds

粽仔
粽子 (zòngzi)
粽粑葉／粽粑叶
粽葉／粽叶

粿粽 (guǒzòng)
肉粽 (ròuzòng)
裹蒸粽
角粽

鹹肉粽／咸肉粽 (xiánròuzòng)
鹼水粽／碱水粽 (jiǎnshuǐzòng)
鹼粽／碱粽 (jiǎnzòng)

References

Dictionary of Chinese Character Variants (教育部異體字字典), A03066
“粽”, in 漢語多功能字庫 (Multi-function Chinese Character Database), 香港中文大學 (the Chinese University of Hong Kong), 2014–

Japanese

Kanji

粽

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

rice dumplings steamed in bamboo leaves

Readings

Go-on: す (su); すう (sū)
Kan-on: そう (sō)
Kun: ちまき (chimaki, 粽)

Alternative forms

Kanji in this term
粽
ちまき Hyōgaiji
kun’yomi

茅巻, 茅巻き

Etymology

Compound of 茅 (ち) (chi, short for chigaya, "cogon") + 巻 (まき) (maki, “wrapping”).

Originally, rice cakes were wrapped in leaves from cogon grass.[1][2]

Pronunciation

Kun’yomi
- (Tokyo) ちまき [chìmákí] (Heiban – [0])[2]
- IPA^(key): [t͡ɕima̠kʲi]

Noun

粽 (hiragana ちまき, rōmaji chimaki)

a rice cake or dumpling wrapped in bamboo leaves
zongzi
Synonym: 中国粽 (Chūgoku-jimaki)
(Buddhism, architecture) Short for 粽形 (chimaki-gata): a Zen-style pillar with rounded edges on the top and bottom parts [since Kamakura period]

Derived terms

粽 (ちまき)馬 (うま) (chimaki uma)
粽 (ちまき)形 (‐がた) (chimaki‐gata)
粽 (チマキ)草 (グサ) (chimakigusa)
粽 (チマキ)笹 (ザサ) (chimaki-zasa)
飴 (あめ)粽 (ちまき) (ame chimaki), 飴 (あめ)粽 (ぢまき) (ame-jimaki)
飾 (かざ)り粽 (ちまき) (kazari chimaki)
葛 (くず)粽 (ちまき) (kuzu chimaki)
笹 (ささ)粽 (ちまき) (sasa chimaki)
水仙 (すいせん)粽 (ちまき) (suisen chimaki)

Proper noun

粽 (hiragana ちまき, rōmaji Chimaki)

a surname

References

1995, 大辞泉 (Daijisen) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN
2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN

Korean

Hanja

粽 • (jong) (hangeul 종, McCune–Reischauer chong, Yale cong)

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[DJS-1] 1995, 大辞泉 (Daijisen) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Shogakukan, →ISBN

[DJR-2] 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN