狸

See also: 貍
狸 U+72F8, 狸
CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-72F8
← 狷
[U+72F7] 		CJK Unified Ideographs 狹 →
[U+72F9]

Translingual

Han character

狸 (radical 94, 犬+7, 10 strokes, cangjie input 大竹田土 (KHWG), four-corner 46214, composition ⿰犭里)

Derived characters
  • 䔆, 𩮞, 𢟆

References
  • KangXi: page 711, character 29
  • Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 20427
  • Dae Jaweon: page 1123, character 27
  • Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 1348, character 11
  • Unihan data for U+72F8

Chinese
simp. and trad.
 狸

Glyph origin
Characters in the same phonetic series (里) (Zhengzhang, 2003) 
Old Chinese
埋 *mrɯː
霾 *mrɯː
薶 *mrɯː
榸 *ʔr'ɯː
厘 *rɯ
狸 *rɯ
貍 *p·rɯ
梩 *rɯ
艃 *rɯ
里 *rɯʔ
理 *rɯʔ
鯉 *rɯʔ
俚 *rɯʔ
悝 *rɯʔ, *km̥ʰlɯː
娌 *rɯʔ
裏 *rɯʔ
荲 *r̥ʰɯɡ, *l̥ʰuɡ, *hluɡ

Pronunciation
Rime
Character 狸
Reading # 1/1
Initial (聲) 來 (37)
Final (韻) 之 (19)
Tone (調) Level (Ø)
Openness (開合) Open
Division (等) III
Fanqie 里之切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang
Shangfang		 /lɨ/
Pan
Wuyun		 /lɨ/
Shao
Rongfen		 /lie/
Edwin
Pulleyblank		 /lɨ/
Li
Rong		 /liə/
Wang
Li		 /lĭə/
Bernard
Karlgren		 /li/
Expected
Mandarin
Reflex		 lí
Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character 狸 狸
Reading # 1/2 2/2
Modern
Beijing
(Pinyin)		 lí lí
Middle
Chinese		 ‹ li › ‹ li ›
Old
Chinese		 /*[r]ə/ /*p.rə/
English 𧳏狸 *pə.[r]ə kind of wild cat (Jiāngnán pron. ap. Guō Pú, ca. 300 CE) kind of wild cat (pron. west of the Hángǔ pass, ap. Fāngyán)

Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system:

* Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence;
* Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p;
* Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix;
* Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary;

* Period "." indicates syllable boundary.
Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character 狸
Reading # 1/1
No. 7822
Phonetic
component		 里
Rime
group		 之
Rime
subdivision		 0
Corresponding
MC rime		 釐
Old
Chinese		 /*rɯ/
Notes 俗貍字

Definitions

狸

  1. raccoon dog

Compounds
  • 狐狸尾巴
  • 狐狸狗
  • 狐狸精 (húlijīng)
  • 狸子
  • 狸狌
  • 狸藻 (lízǎo)
  • 狸貓／狸猫 (límāo)
  • 發屋求狸／发屋求狸
  • 老狐狸
  • 花狸狐哨
  • 花面狸
  • 野狐狸

Japanese

Kanji
狸

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

  1. raccoon dog
  2. wild cat

Readings
  • Go-on: り (ri)
  • Kan-on: り (ri)
  • Kun: たぬき (tanuki, 狸)

Compounds

Alternative forms
Kanji in this term
狸
たぬき
Hyōgaiji
kun’yomi

Etymology 1

According to one theory, derived from 手貫 (tanuki, “arm glove, gauntlet”), where raccoon dog hide was sometimes used for.

Pronunciation

Noun

狸 (hiragana たぬき, katakana タヌキ, rōmaji tanuki)

  1. a raccoon dog, Nyctereutes procyonoides
    • 931–938, Wamyō Ruijushō:
      狸 兼名苑云狸［音𨤲和名太奴木］摶鳥為粮者也
      Raccoon dog: According to Jian Ming Yuan (兼名苑), raccoon dogs [read as 𨤲 (ri), native Japanese 太奴木 (tanuki)] always prey on birds.
    Synonyms: マミ (mami), 狢 (mujina)
  2. (figuratively) a person who pretends to be good but in fact is cunning (compare English sly fox)
  3. Short for 狸饂飩 (tanuki-udon) and 狸蕎麦 (tanuki-soba): styles of various noodle dishes
  4. (rare) Short for 狸寝入り (tanuki neiri): pretending to be asleep
    狸 (たぬき)を決 (き)め込 (こ)む ― tanuki o kimekomu ― pretend to be a raccoon dog → feign sleep
  5. (rare, obsolete) Short for 狸汁 (tanuki-jiru): a soup made from tanuki meat mixed with daikon, burdock root, etc.

Derived terms
Derived terms
  • 狸 (タヌキ)菖蒲 (アヤメ) (tanuki ayame)
  • 狸 (たぬき)饂 (う)飩 (どん) (tanuki-udon)
  • 狸 (たぬき)親父 (おやじ) (tanuki oyaji)
  • 狸 (たぬき)顔 (がお) (tanukigao)
  • 狸 (たぬき)狩 (が)り (tanukigari)
  • 狸 (たぬき)小 (こう)路 (じ) (Tanuki Kōji)
  • 狸 (たぬき)爺 (じじい) (tanukijijī)
  • 狸 (たぬき)汁 (じる) (tanuki-jiru)
  • 狸 (たぬき)蕎 (そ)麦 (ば) (tanuki-soba)
  • 狸 (たぬき)憑 (つ)き (tanukitsuki)
  • 狸 (たぬき)寝 (ね) (tanukine)
  • 狸 (たぬき)寝 (ね)入 (い)り (tanuki neiri)
  • 狸 (たぬき)の燭台 (しょくだい) (tanuki no shokudai)
  • 狸 (たぬき)の茶袋 (ちゃぶくろ) (tanuki no chabukuro)
  • 狸 (たぬき)婆 (ばばあ) (tanukibabā)
  • 狸 (たぬき)囃 (ばや)子 (し) (tanukibayashi)
  • 狸 (たぬき)笛 (ぶえ) (tanukibue)
  • 狸 (たぬき)掘 (ぼ)り (tanukibori)
  • 狸 (タヌキ)豆 (マメ) (tanukimame)
  • 狸 (タヌキ)藻 (モ) (tanukimo)
  • 狸 (タヌキ)蘭 (ラン) (tanukiran)
  • 飴 (あめ)細 (ざい)工 (く)の狸 (たぬき) (amezaiku no tanuki)
  • 射 (い)狸 (だぬき) (Idanuki)
  • 岩 (いわ)狸 (だぬき) (iwadanuki)
  • 海 (うみ)狸 (だぬき) (umidanuki)
  • 面 (おも)白 (しろ)狸 (だぬき) (omoshiro-danuki)
  • 隠 (かくし)狸 (だぬき) (Kakushidanuki)
  • 狐 (きつね)と狸 (たぬき) (kitsune to tanuki)
  • 初 (はつ)午 (うま)の狸 (たぬき) (hatsuuma no tanuki)
  • 古 (ふる)狸 (だぬき) (furudanuki)
  • 本 (ホン)土 (ド)狸 (タヌキ) (hondo tanuki)
  • 豆 (まめ)狸 (だぬき) (mamedanuki)
  • 貒 (み)狸 (だぬき) (midanuki)
Idioms
  • 狸 (たぬき)の睾丸 (きんたま)八 (はち)畳 (じょう)敷 (じき) (tanuki no kintama hachijōjiki)
  • 同 (おな)じ穴 (あな)の狸 (たぬき) (onaji ana no tanuki)
  • 取 (と)らぬ狸 (たぬき)の皮 (かわ)算 (ざん)用 (よう) (toranu tanuki no kawazan'yō)
Proverbs
Proverbs
  • 狸 (たぬき)の燭 (しょく)台 (だい) (tanuki no shokudai)
  • 狸 (たぬき)の腹 (はら)鼓 (つづみ) (tanuki no haratsuzumi)
  • 狐 (きつね)と狸 (たぬき)の化 (ば)かし合 (あ)い (kitsune to tanuki no bakashi ai)
  • 豺狼路 (さいろうみち)に当 (あ)たれり，安 (いずく)んぞ狐 (こ)狸 (り)を問 (と)わん (sairō michi ni atareri, izukunzo kori o towan)
  • 鹿 (しか)待 (ま)つ所 (ところ)の狸 (たぬき) (shika matsu tokoro no tanuki)
Descendants
See also

Etymology 2
Kanji in this term
狸
たたけ
Hyōgaiji
Irregular

⟨tatake2⟩ → */tatakəɨ/ → /tatake/

From Old Japanese.

Alternative forms
  • 狸毛

Noun

狸 (hiragana たたけ, rōmaji tatake, alternative reading たたげ, rōmaji tatage)

  1. (archaic, obsolete) a raccoon dog
    • 794, Shin'yaku Kegonkyō Ongi Shiki
      猫狸 [...] ニ又漢云野貍、倭言上尼古、下多〻既
      Cat and raccoon dog, [...] both of them are called 野貍 (yari) in Chinese; the former is called 尼古 (⟨neko1⟩ → neko) while the latter is called 多〻既 (⟨tatake2⟩ → tatake) in Japanese.
  2. (archaic, obsolete) the hair of a raccoon dog, used for making brushes
    • 1445-1446, Ainōshō
      タゝゲノ筆 (フデ)ナンド云 (イフ)。タゝ毛 (ゲ)トハ。タヌキノ毛 (ケ)歟 (カ)。狸 (タヌキ)ノ字 (ジ)ヲ。タゝゲトヨム
      Tatage no fude nando iu. Tatage to wa, tanuki no ke ka. Tanuki no ji o, tatage to yomu
      This is a so-called brush [made] of tatage. Tatage [spelled by the character 毛 meaning "hair"] might mean the hair of a raccoon dog. The 狸 character for "raccoon dog" is read as tatage.

Etymology 3
Kanji in this term
狸
たのき
Hyōgaiji
Irregular

Cognate with tanuki above.

Considered to be a result of irregular apophony in the medieval times.[3]

Noun

狸 (hiragana たのき, rōmaji tanoki)

  1. (dated, dialectal, Western Japan, chiefly Kansai) a raccoon dog
    • c. 1529, Mōgyūshō
      ししやたのきの様 (やう)な人 (ひと)でをり候 (さうらう)ぞ
      Shishi ya tanoki no yō na hito de ori sōrō zo
      His personality is like a deer or raccoon dog, sir.
  2. (dated, dialectal, Kansai) Short for 狸饂飩 (tanoki-udon) and 狸蕎麦 (tanoki-soba): styles of various noodle dishes
See also

References
  1. 2006, 大辞林 (Daijirin), Third Edition (in Japanese), Tōkyō: Sanseidō, →ISBN
  2. 1998, NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary) (in Japanese), Tōkyō: NHK, →ISBN
  3. 狸／貍(タヌキ)とは - コトバンク‎, accessed 2019-02-12

Korean

Hanja

狸 • (ri>i) (hangeul 리>이, revised ri>i, McCune–Reischauer ri>i, Yale li>i)

  1. (너구리 리, neoguri-): raccoon dog

Synonyms

Okinawan

Kanji

狸 (hiragana たぬき, romaji tanuki)

Etymology

Attested in the 沖縄語典 (Okinawa Goten, “Okinawan Dictionary”) as たぬき.[1]

Noun

狸 (hiragana たぬき, romaji tanuki)

  1. raccoon dog

References
  1. 1896: 沖縄語典 (Okinawa Goten, “Okinawan Dictionary”). In Japanese. http://kindai.ndl.go.jp/info:ndljp/pid/992016/63

Vietnamese

Han character

狸 (li)

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