沾

See also: 霑

沾	U+6CBE, 沾 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-6CBE

← 沽
[U+6CBD]

CJK Unified Ideographs

沿 →
[U+6CBF]

Translingual

Han character

沾 (radical 85, 水+5, 8 strokes, cangjie input 水卜口 (EYR), four-corner 3116₀, composition ⿰氵占)

References

KangXi: page 614, character 12

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 17259

Dae Jaweon: page 1008, character 3

Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 3, page 1583, character 6

Unihan data for U+6CBE

Chinese

simp. and trad.		沾

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (占) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
頕	*taːm
煔	ɦlaːm, hljems, *hl'eːms
炶	*ɦlaːm
詀	rteːm, rdeːms, teːm, tʰjeb
站	*rteːms
檆	*sreːm
黏	*nem
粘	*nem
枮	slem, ʔl'ɯm
霑	*tem
沾	tem, teːms, *tʰeːm
覘	tems, tʰem
鉆	tʰem, ɡrem, *tʰeːb
占	ʔljem, tjems
颭	*tjemʔ
佔	tjems, teːm
苫	hljem, hljems
痁	hljem, teːms
蛅	*njem
阽	*lem
敁	*teːm
掂	*tiːm
點	*teːmʔ
玷	teːmʔ, teːms
店	*tiːms
坫	tiːms, tim
黇	*tʰeːm
扂	*deːmʔ
拈	*neːm
鮎	*neːm
砧	*ʔl'ɯm
笘	*teːb
跕	teːb, tʰeːb
貼	*tʰeːb
帖	*tʰeːb
怗	*tʰeːb
呫	*tʰeːb

Etymology 1

Pronunciation 1

Mandarin
(Pinyin): zhān (zhan¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄓㄢ
Cantonese (Jyutping): zim¹
Min Nan (POJ): tiam / chiam / cham

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: zhān
  - Zhuyin: ㄓㄢ
  - Wade–Giles: chan¹
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: jan
  - IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂän⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: zim¹
  - Yale: jīm
  - Cantonese Pinyin: dzim¹
  - Guangdong Romanization: jim¹
  - IPA ^(key): /t͡siːm⁵⁵/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: tiam
  - Tâi-lô: tiam
  - Phofsit Daibuun: diafm
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /tiam⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /tiam³³/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: chiam
  - Tâi-lô: tsiam
  - Phofsit Daibuun: ciafm
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡ɕiam³³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡ɕiam⁴⁴/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, General Taiwanese, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: cham
  - Tâi-lô: tsam
  - Phofsit Daibuun: zafm
  - IPA (Taipei, Kaohsiung, Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /t͡sam⁴⁴/
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /t͡sam³³/

Note: tiam/chiam - literary, cham - vernacular.

Dialectal data▼

Variety	Location	edit 沾
Mandarin	Beijing	/ʈ͡ʂan⁵⁵/
	Harbin	/ʈ͡ʂan⁴⁴/
	Tianjin	/ʈ͡ʂan²¹/ /t͡san²¹/
	Jinan	/ʈ͡ʂã²¹³/
	Qingdao	/tʃã²¹³/
	Zhengzhou	/ʈ͡ʂan²⁴/
	Xi'an	/ʈ͡ʂã²¹/
	Xining	/ʈ͡ʂã⁴⁴/
	Yinchuan	/ʈ͡ʂan⁴⁴/
	Lanzhou	/ʈ͡ʂɛ̃n³¹/
	Ürümqi	/ʈ͡ʂan⁴⁴/
	Wuhan	/t͡san⁵⁵/
	Chengdu	/t͡san⁵⁵/
	Guiyang	/t͡san⁵⁵/
	Kunming	/ʈ͡ʂã̠⁴⁴/
	Nanjing	/ʈ͡ʂaŋ³¹/
	Hefei	/ʈ͡ʂæ̃²¹/
Jin	Taiyuan	/t͡sæ̃¹¹/
	Pingyao	/ʈ͡ʂɑŋ¹³/
	Hohhot	/t͡sæ̃³¹/
Wu	Shanghai	/t͡sø⁵³/
	Suzhou	/t͡sø⁵⁵/
	Hangzhou	/t͡sz̩ʷõ³³/
	Wenzhou	/t͡ɕi³³/
Hui	Shexian	/t͡ɕie³¹/
Hui	Tunxi	/t͡ɕiɛ¹¹/
Xiang	Changsha	/ʈ͡ʂə̃³³/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/t͡san³³/
Gan	Nanchang	/t͡sɛn⁴²/
Hakka	Meixian	/t͡sam⁴⁴/
Hakka	Taoyuan	/tʃɑm²⁴/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/t͡sim⁵³/
	Nanning	/t͡sim⁵⁵/
	Hong Kong	/t͡sim⁵⁵/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/t͡sam³⁵/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/t͡sieŋ⁴⁴/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/niŋ⁵⁴/ /t͡siŋ⁵⁴/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/tiam³³/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/tiam²³/

Middle Chinese: /ʈˠiᴇm/▼

Rime
Character	沾
Reading #	1/3
Initial (聲)	知 (9)
Final (韻)	鹽 (154)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	Chongniu III
Fanqie	張廉切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʈˠiᴇm/
Pan Wuyun	/ʈᵚiɛm/
Shao Rongfen	/ȶiæm/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʈjiam/
Li Rong	/ȶjɛm/
Wang Li	/ȶĭɛm/
Bernard Karlgren	/ȶi̯ɛm/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhān

Old Chinese▼
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[t]rem/

(Zhengzhang): /*tem/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	沾
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	zhān
Middle Chinese	‹ trjem ›
Old Chinese	/*[t]rem/
English	moisten
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	沾
Reading #	1/3
No.	16702
Phonetic component	占
Rime group	談
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	霑
Old Chinese	/*tem/

Definitions

沾

name on an ancient river in Shanxi and Henan
full to the brim
to soak
to share
to edify
to be contaminated by
(dialectal) good; OK

Pronunciation 2

Mandarin
(Pinyin): tiān (tian¹)

(Zhuyin): ㄊㄧㄢ
Cantonese (Jyutping): tip³

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: tiān
  - Zhuyin: ㄊㄧㄢ
  - Wade–Giles: t'ien¹
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tian
  - IPA ^(key): /tʰi̯ɛn⁵⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: tip³
  - Yale: tip
  - Cantonese Pinyin: tip⁸
  - Guangdong Romanization: tib³
  - IPA ^(key): /tʰiːp̚³/

Middle Chinese: /tʰem/▼

Rime
Character	沾
Reading #	2/3
Initial (聲)	透 (6)
Final (韻)	添 (157)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	IV
Fanqie	他兼切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/tʰem/
Pan Wuyun	/tʰem/
Shao Rongfen	/tʰɛm/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/tʰɛm/
Li Rong	/tʰem/
Wang Li	/tʰiem/
Bernard Karlgren	/tʰiem/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	tiān

Old Chinese▼
(Zhengzhang): /*tʰeːm/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	沾
Reading #	3/3
No.	16728
Phonetic component	占
Rime group	談
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	添
Old Chinese	/*tʰeːm/

Definitions

沾

Alternative form of 添 (tiān).
thin

Pronunciation 3

Mandarin
(Pinyin): diàn (dian⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄉㄧㄢˋ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: diàn
  - Zhuyin: ㄉㄧㄢˋ
  - Wade–Giles: tien⁴
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: diann
  - IPA ^(key): /ti̯ɛn⁵¹/

Middle Chinese: /tem^H/▼

Rime
Character	沾
Reading #	3/3
Initial (聲)	端 (5)
Final (韻)	添 (157)
Tone (調)	Departing (H)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	IV
Fanqie	都念切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/tem^H/
Pan Wuyun	/tem^H/
Shao Rongfen	/tɛm^H/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/tɛm^H/
Li Rong	/tem^H/
Wang Li	/tiem^H/
Bernard Karlgren	/tiem^H/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	diàn

Old Chinese▼
(Zhengzhang): /*tʰeːm/

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	沾
Reading #	3/3
No.	16728
Phonetic component	占
Rime group	談
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	添
Old Chinese	/*tʰeːm/

Definitions

沾

name of an ancient river in Shanxi and Hebei
a county in Han dynasty

Etymology 2

For pronunciation and definitions of 沾 – see 覘 (“peek; spy on, watch; etc.”). (This character, 沾, is a variant form of 覘.)

Etymology 3

For pronunciation and definitions of 沾 – see 蘸 (“to dip; to submerge”). (This character, 沾, is the second-round simplified form of 蘸.)
Notes: Simplified Chinese is mainly used in Mainland China and Singapore. Traditional Chinese is mainly used in Hong Kong, Macau, and Taiwan.

Japanese

Kanji

沾

(uncommon “Hyōgai” kanji)

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Readings

On (unclassified): てん (ten)

Kun: うるおう (uruou)

Korean

Hanja

沾 • (cheom) (hangeul 첨, revised cheom, McCune–Reischauer ch'ŏm, Yale chem)

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Vietnamese

Han character

沾 (chăm, trèm, triêm, chem, thêm)

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