日向

Orthographic borrowing from Japanese 日向 (Hyūga).

日向

1. (～市) Hyūga (a city in Miyazaki, Japan)

Compound of 日 (hi, “sun”) +‎ な (na, Old Japanese possessive particle) +‎ た (ta, “direction, side”).

The ta element is found in terms such as あなた (anata, “you”, originally “that side (distant)”), そなた (sonata, “you”, archaic; originally “that side (nearby)”).[1]

The use of 向 in the spelling is an example of ateji (当て字).

• (Irregular reading)
  • (Tokyo) ひなた [hìnátá] (Heiban – [0])[2]
  • IPA^(key): [çina̠ta̠]

• 日なた

日向 (hiragana ひなた, rōmaji hinata)

1. the direction the sun is shining
   • c. 1061, Sagami-shū (poem 525)

     さしてこしひなたの山 (やま)を頼 (たの)むには目 (め)も明 (あき)らかに見 (み)えざらめやは

     sashite koshi hinata no yama o tanomu ni wa me mo akiraka ni miezarame ya wa

     (please add an English translation of this example)

2. a sunny spot or place

   Antonym: 日陰 (hikage)

• 日向 (ひなた)に氷 (こおり) (hinata ni kōri, “ice in sun → melting → gradually disappearing”)
• 陰 (かげ)になり日向 (ひなた)になり (kage ni nari hinata ni nari)
• 夏 (なつ)は日向 (ひなた)を行 (ゆ)け冬 (ふゆ)は日 (ひ)陰 (かげ)を行 (ゆ)け (natsu wa hinata o yuke fuyu wa hikage o yuke)

日向 (hiragana ひなた, rōmaji Hinata)

1. a placename
2. a female given name
3. a surname​.

⟨pi₁muka⟩ → */pʲimuka/ → /fimuka/ → /fiũɡa/ → /hjuːɡa/

Shift from Old Japanese 日向 (⟨Pi₁muka⟩ → Himuka).[1][2]

Equivalent to a compound of 日 (hi, “sun”) +‎ 向か (muka, the 未然形 (mizenkei, “irrealis form”) of verb 向く (muku), “to face (a direction)”).

• (Irregular reading)
  • IPA^(key): [çɨᵝːɡa̠]

日向 (hiragana ひゅうが, rōmaji Hyūga, historical hiragana ひうが)

1. (historical) Short for 日向国 (Hyūga-no-kuni): Hyūga Province, an old province of Japan, corresponding to modern Miyazaki Prefecture on the eastern coast of Kyūshū

   Synonym: 日州 (Nisshū)

2. a placename, such as the name of a city in Miyazaki Prefecture
3. (historical) an Ise-class battleship of the Imperial Japanese Navy during World War II (see Japanese battleship Hyūga on Wikipedia.Wikipedia )

   Hypernym: 伊勢 (Ise)

4. a surname
5. a female given name

日向 (hiragana ひゅうが, rōmaji hyūga, historical hiragana ひうが)

1. (archaic) facing (opposite) the sun

Unknown, possibly a sound change from Old Japanese 日向 (⟨pi₁muka⟩ → himuka); however, the /-mu-/ → /-ɾ̠u-/ shift is unlikely.

Alternatively, the spelling may be ateji (当て字), with the hiru portion equating to 昼 (hiru, “daytime”), and the ga of uncertain derivation. Compare 春日 (Kasuga).

• (Irregular reading)
  • IPA^(key): [çiɾɯ̟ᵝɡa̠]

日向 (hiragana ひるが, rōmaji Hiruga)

1. Short for 日向湖 (Hiruga-ko): one of the 三方五湖 (Mikata Goko, “Five Lakes of Mikata”) in Fukui Prefecture

• 日 (ひ)向 (む)かい (himukai)
• 東 (ひがし) (higashi, “east”)

Other various nanori readings.

日向 (hiragana にっこう, rōmaji Nikkō, historical hiragana にちかう)

1. a surname​.

日向 (hiragana ひうが, rōmaji Hiuga)

1. a female given name
2. a surname​.

日向 (hiragana ひがの, rōmaji Higano)

1. a surname​.

日向 (hiragana ひこう, rōmaji Hikō, historical hiragana ひかう)

1. a surname​.

日向 (hiragana ひな, rōmaji Hina)

1. a female given name
2. a surname​.

日向 (hiragana ひなだ, rōmaji Hinada)

1. a placename

日向 (hiragana ひむかい, rōmaji Himukai, historical hiragana ひむかひ)

1. a placename
2. a surname​.

日向 (hiragana ひむか, rōmaji Himuka)

1. a female given name
2. a surname​.

日向 (hiragana ひむき, rōmaji Himuki)

1. a surname​.

日向 (hiragana ひゅが, rōmaji Hyuga)

1. a surname​.

• 向 (む)日 (こう) (Mukō)

Compound of 日 (pi₁, “sun”) +‎ 向か (muka, the 未然形 (mizenkei, “irrealis form”) of verb 向く (muku), “to face (a direction)”‎).

日向 (Pi₁muka) (kana ひむか)

1. Short for 日向国 (Pi₁muka-no₂-kuni): a province in ancient Japan, today part of Miyazaki and Kagoshima prefectures
   • 720, Nihon Shoki (poem 103)

     摩蘇餓豫 蘇餓能古羅破 宇摩奈羅麼 譬武伽能古摩 多智奈羅麼 勾禮能摩差比 宇倍之訶茂 蘇餓能古羅烏 於朋枳瀰能 菟伽破須羅志枳

     ma-So₁ga yo₂ So₁ga no₂ ko₁ra pa uma naraba Pi₁muka no₂ ko₁ma tati naraba Kure no₂ ma-sapi₁ ubesi ka mo So₁ga no₂ ko₁ra wo opoki₁mi₁ no₂ tukapasurasiki₁

     Oh true Soga! The sons of Soga, if they were horses, would be steeds of Himuka, if they were swords, would be blades of Kure! Thus it is fitting, that the sons of Soga should be in service of the great lord.[1]

• Japanese: 日向 (Hyūga)