彌

See also: 弥

彌	U+5F4C, 彌 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-5F4C

← 彋
[U+5F4B]

CJK Unified Ideographs

彍 →
[U+5F4D]

Translingual

Han character

彌 (radical 57, 弓+14, 17 strokes, cangjie input 弓一火月 (NMFB), four-corner 1122₇, composition ⿰弓爾)

References

KangXi: page 361, character 11

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 9877

Dae Jaweon: page 679, character 9

Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 2, page 1004, character 3

Unihan data for U+5F4C

Chinese

trad.		彌
simp.		弥^*

Glyph origin

Characters in the same phonetic series (爾) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
嬭	rneːlʔ, niːlʔ
禰	*niːlʔ
镾	niːlʔ, mnel
薾	*niːlʔ
檷	*niːlʔ
鑈	niːlʔ, neːb
瀰	niːlʔ, mnel, *mnelʔ
獼	*mnel
瓕	*mnel
彌	*mnel
鸍	mnel, hnjel
擟	*mnel
濔	*mnelʔ
壐	*smlelʔ
璽	*smlelʔ
爾	*njelʔ
邇	*njelʔ
獮	*smlenʔ
籋	neb, neːb

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *mnel) : semantic 弓 + phonetic 爾 (OC *njelʔ).

Pronunciation 1

Mandarin
(Pinyin): mí (mi²)

(Zhuyin): ㄇㄧˊ
Cantonese (Jyutping): mei⁴, nei⁴
Hakka
(Sixian, PFS): mì

(Meixian, Guangdong): ni³
Min Dong (BUC): mì
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): bî / mî / mí / nî

(Teochew, Peng'im): mi² / ni⁵
Wu (Wiktionary): mi (T3)

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: mí
  - Zhuyin: ㄇㄧˊ
  - Wade–Giles: mih²
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: mi
  - IPA ^(key): /mi³⁵/
Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: mei⁴, nei⁴
  - Yale: mèih, nèih
  - Cantonese Pinyin: mei⁴, nei⁴
  - Guangdong Romanization: méi⁴, néi⁴
  - IPA ^(key): /mei̯²¹/, /nei̯²¹/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: mì
  - Hakka Romanization System: miˇ
  - Hagfa Pinyim: mi²
  - IPA: /mi¹¹/
- (Meixian)
  - Guangdong: ni³
  - IPA: /ni³¹/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: mì
  - IPA ^(key): /mi⁵³/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Quanzhou, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: bî
  - Tâi-lô: bî
  - Phofsit Daibuun: bii
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /bi¹³/
  - IPA (Xiamen, Quanzhou): /bi²⁴/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, variant in Taiwan, Xiamen, Zhangzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: mî
  - Tâi-lô: mî
  - Phofsit Daibuun: mii
  - IPA (Quanzhou, Taipei, Xiamen): /mĩ²⁴/
  - IPA (Zhangzhou): /mĩ¹³/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /mĩ²³/
- (Hokkien: General Taiwanese)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: mí
  - Tâi-lô: mí
  - Phofsit Daibuun: mie
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /mĩ⁴¹/
  - IPA (Taipei): /mĩ⁵³/
- (Hokkien: variant in Taiwan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: nî
  - Tâi-lô: nî
  - Phofsit Daibuun: nii
  - IPA (Taipei): /nĩ²⁴/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /nĩ²³/

Note: mí - vernacular.

- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: mi² / ni⁵
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: mí / nî
  - IPA ^(key): /mi⁵²/, /ni⁵⁵/

Note: ni5 - used in 彌勒.

Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: mi (T3)
  - IPA ^(key): /mi²³/

Middle Chinese: /miᴇ/▼

Rime
Character	彌
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	明 (4)
Final (韻)	支 (11)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	III
Fanqie	武移切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/miᴇ/
Pan Wuyun	/miɛ/
Shao Rongfen	/mjɛ/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/miə̆/
Li Rong	/mie/
Wang Li	/mǐe/
Bernard Karlgren	/mie̯/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	mí

Old Chinese▼
(Baxter–Sagart): /*m-nə[r]/

(Zhengzhang): /*mnel/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	彌
Reading #	1/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	mí
Middle Chinese	‹ mjie ›
Old Chinese	/*m-nə[r]/
English	to complete
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	彌
Reading #	1/1
No.	2808
Phonetic component	爾
Rime group	歌
Rime subdivision	2
Corresponding MC rime	彌
Old Chinese	/*mnel/

Definitions

彌

to relax a bow
to fill; to cover
full; overflowing; extensive
long; distant
more
- 顏淵喟然歎曰：「仰之彌高，鑽之彌堅。」 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
  颜渊喟然叹曰：“仰之弥高，钻之弥坚。” [Classical Chinese, simp.]
  From: The Analects of Confucius, circa 475 – 221 BCE, translated based on James Legge's version
  Yán Yuān kuìrán tàn yuē: “Yǎng zhī mí gāo, zuān zhī mí jiān.” [Pinyin]
  Yan Yuan, in admiration of the Master's doctrines, sighed and said, “I looked up to them, and they seemed to become more high; I tried to penetrate them, and they seemed to become more firm; […]
to mend; to repair
A surname.

Compounds

仰之彌高／仰之弥高 (yǎngzhīmígāo)
封彌／封弥
彌事／弥事
彌勒／弥勒 (Mílè)
彌天／弥天 (mítiān)
彌天亙地／弥天亘地 (mítiān gèndì)
彌天大罪／弥天大罪
彌天大謊／弥天大谎
彌天案／弥天案
彌封／弥封
彌市／弥市 (Míshì)
彌年／弥年
彌撒／弥撒 (mísā)
彌撒曲／弥撒曲
彌撒經書／弥撒经书
彌敬／弥敬

彌時／弥时
彌月／弥月
彌月酒／弥月酒
彌望／弥望
彌滿／弥满
彌漫／弥漫 (mímàn)
彌生文化／弥生文化
彌留／弥留 (míliú)
彌綸／弥纶
彌縫／弥缝
彌羅／弥罗
彌習彌佳／弥习弥佳
彌補／弥补 (míbǔ)
彌賽亞／弥赛亚 (Mísàiyà)
彌足珍貴／弥足珍贵 (mízúzhēnguì)

彌迦／弥迦 (Míjiā)
彌迦書／弥迦书 (Míjiāshū)
彌陀／弥陀 (Mítuó)
愛彌兒／爱弥儿
日久彌新／日久弥新
曠日彌久／旷日弥久
望彌撒／望弥撒
欲蓋彌彰／欲盖弥彰
歷久彌新／历久弥新
沙彌／沙弥 (shāmí)
老而彌堅／老而弥坚
阿彌陀佛／阿弥陀佛 (Ēmítuófó)
阿彌陀經／阿弥陀经
須彌山／须弥山
須彌座／须弥座

Pronunciation 2

Mandarin
(Pinyin): mǐ (mi³)

(Zhuyin): ㄇㄧˇ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: mǐ
  - Zhuyin: ㄇㄧˇ
  - Wade–Giles: mih³
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: mii
  - IPA ^(key): /mi²¹⁴/

Old Chinese▼
(Baxter–Sagart): /*m-nə[r]ʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	彌
Reading #	2/2
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	mí
Middle Chinese	‹ mjie^X ›
Old Chinese	/*m-nə[r]ʔ/
English	stop
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Definitions

彌

Alternative form of 弭 (mǐ, “to stop; to put down”).

Pronunciation 3

Mandarin
(Pinyin): ní (ni²)

(Zhuyin): ㄋㄧˊ

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: ní
  - Zhuyin: ㄋㄧˊ
  - Wade–Giles: nih²
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: ni
  - IPA ^(key): /ni³⁵/

Definitions

彌

Alternative form of 婗.

Japanese

Kanji

彌

(“Jinmeiyō” kanji used for names, kyūjitai kanji, shinjitai form 弥)

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Readings

Go-on: み (mi)
Kan-on: び (bi)
Kun: ひさしい (hisashii, 彌しい); わたる (wataru, 彌る); あまねし (amaneshi, 彌し); いよいよ (iyoiyo, 彌)

Korean

Hanja

彌 • (mi) (hangeul 미, revised mi, McCune–Reischauer mi, Yale mi)

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Vietnamese

Han character

彌 (di)

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