凹

凹 (radical 17, 凵+3, 5 strokes, cangjie input 尸尸山 (SSU), four-corner 7777₀)

• KangXi: page 135, character 10
• Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 1810
• Dae Jaweon: page 301, character 6
• Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 308, character 3
• Unihan data for U+51F9

凹

1. concave; hollow

• 凸 (tū, “convex”)

凹

1. (dialectal) Same as 洼 (wā).

(common “Jōyō” kanji)

• Go-on: よう (yō)^{←えふ (efu, historical)}
• Kan-on: おう (ō, Jōyō)^{←あふ (afu, historical)}
• Kun: くぼ (kubo, 凹); くぼい (kuboi, 凹い); くぼか (kuboka, 凹か); くぼむ (kubomu, 凹む); くぼみ (kubomi, 凹み); くぼみ (kubomi); くぼめる (kubomeru, 凹める); くぼまる (kubomaru, 凹まる); くぼます (kubomasu, 凹ます); くぼませる (kubomaseru, 凹ませる); くぼやか (kuboyaka, 凹やか); なかくぼ (nakakubo); へこむ (hekomu, 凹む); へこみ (hekomi, 凹み); へこみ (hekomi, 凹); ぼこ (boko, 凹)

/apu/ → /afu/ → /au/ → /ɔː/ → /oː/

From Middle Chinese 凹 (MC ʔˠɛp̚). Compare modern Mandarin reading āo, Min Nan au.

• On’yomi: Kan’on
  • IPA^(key): [o̞ː]

凹 (hiragana おう, rōmaji ō, historical hiragana あふ)

1. concave

The character 凹 with the reading ō is only used in compounds, and never in isolation.

Unknown. Sound similarities might suggest a connection to words related to darkness or deep interior, such as 雲 (kumo, “cloud”), 蜘蛛 (kumo, “spider”), 隈 (kuma, “a recess, a deep interior corner”), 黒 (kuro, “black”), 暗 (kura, “darkness”); more at 黒. Alternately, these broad similarities might be pure coincidence.

• Kun’yomi
  • (Tokyo) くぼ [kùbó] (Heiban – [0])[1][2]
  • (Tokyo) く​ぼ [kúꜜbò] (Atamadaka – [1])[1]
  • IPA^(key): [kɯ̟ᵝbo̞]

• 窪 (くぼ)

凹 (hiragana くぼ, rōmaji kubo)

1. an area with sides higher than the center: an indentation, a depression, a dip, a divot, a hole
2. (slang) female genitalia, the vagina

• (indentation): 窪 (くぼ)み, 窪 (くぼみ), 凹 (くぼ)み, 凹 (くぼみ) (kubomi)
• (female genitalia): 前 (ぜん)門 (もん) (zenmon), まんこ (manko)

Noun stem of verb 凹む (kubomu, “to become hollow, to become sunken, to become indented”), itself a compound of 凹 (kubo, “an indentation, a dip”) +‎ む (mu, “to become like something”, auxiliary verb attaching to nouns or adjective stems, cognate with びる (biru) biru).[3]

• Kun’yomi
  • (Tokyo) くぼみ [kùbómí] (Heiban – [0])[1][2]
  • IPA^(key): [kɯ̟ᵝbo̞mʲi]

• 窪 (くぼ)み, 窪 (くぼみ), 凹 (くぼ)み

凹 (hiragana くぼみ, rōmaji kubomi)

1. a pit, a hollow, a cavity, a depression, a dent

The 凹 (くぼ)み or 窪 (くぼ)み spelling with the okurigana み is more common when used as a standalone term. The spelling without the okurigana is more common in compounds.

Compound of 中 (naka, “inside, inner”) +‎ 窪 (kubo, “pit, indentation”).[3][1][4]

• Kun’yomi
  • (Tokyo) なかくぼ [nàkákúbó] (Heiban – [0])[1]
  • (Tokyo) なか​くぼ [nàkáꜜkùbò] (Nakadaka – [2])[1]
  • IPA^(key): [na̠ka̠kɯ̟ᵝbo̞]

• 中 (なか)窪 (くぼ)

凹 (hiragana なかくぼ, rōmaji nakakubo)

1. a sunken center
2. a place or object with a sunken center

The 中 (なか)窪 (くぼ) spelling is more common.

• 中 (なか)低 (びく) (nakabiku)

Noun stem of verb 凹む (hekomu, “to become hollow, to become sunken, to become indented”), itself an abbreviated compound of 減り (heri, noun stem of verb 減る (heru, “to reduce, to decrease, to diminish”)) +‎ 込む (komu, “to go inwardly”).[3]

• Kun’yomi
  • (Tokyo) へこみ [hèkómí] (Heiban – [0])[1][2]
  • IPA^(key): [he̞ko̞mʲi]

• 凹 (へこ)み (hekomi)

凹 (hiragana へこみ, rōmaji hekomi)

1. a pit, a hollow, a cavity, a depression, a dent
2. a mistake, and error
3. a moment of weakness or confusion, being at a loss

The 凹 (へこ)み (hekomi) spelling is more common.

• (hollow): 窪 (くぼ)み (kubomi), 窪 (くぼみ) (kubomi), 凹 (くぼ)み (kubomi), 凹 (くぼみ) (kubomi) (also see above)
• (mistake): 失 (しっ)策 (さく) (shissaku)
• (mistake): 失 (しっ)敗 (ぱい) (shippai)
• (at a loss): 困 (こん)惑 (わく) (konwaku)

Uncertain. Possibly onomatopoeic from the sound of a wheel bouncing in a rut or pothole, or from the sound of something hollow when tapped. Compare adverb ぼこぼこ (bokoboko, “full of holes; hollowly”).

Alternately, may be compound of ぼ (bo, “empty?”, uncertain; possibly related to verb 掘る (horu, “to dig, to dig out”)) +‎ こ (ko, “place”, suffixing element seen in other words such as そこ (soko, “there”) or 端っこ (hashikko, “edge, end, tip”)). Compare 凸 (deko, “protrusion”), likely a compound of 出 (de, “coming out”) + こ (ko, “place”, suffixing element).

• Kun’yomi
  • (Tokyo) ぼ​こ [bóꜜkò] (Atamadaka – [1])[1]
  • IPA^(key): [bo̞ko̞]

凹 (hiragana ぼこ, rōmaji boko)

1. an indentation, a dip or divot, a hollow, a dent in a surface

凹 • (yo)

• Eumhun:
  • Sound (hangeul): 요 (revised: yo, McCune–Reischauer: yo)
  • Name (hangeul): 오목할

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

凹 (ao)

1. This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.