倍

倍	U+500D, 倍 CJK UNIFIED IDEOGRAPH-500D

← 倌
[U+500C]

CJK Unified Ideographs

倎 →
[U+500E]

Translingual

Han character

倍 (radical 9, 人+8, 10 strokes, cangjie input 人卜廿口 (OYTR), four-corner 2026₁, composition ⿰亻咅)

References

KangXi: page 107, character 19

Dai Kanwa Jiten: character 760

Dae Jaweon: page 228, character 4

Hanyu Da Zidian: volume 1, page 183, character 4

Unihan data for U+500D

Chinese

simp. and trad.		倍

Glyph origin

Historical forms of the character 倍

**Small seal script**
s05828

**Transcribed ancient scripts**
L15317

References:

Mostly from Richard Sears' Chinese Etymology site (authorisation),
which in turn draws data from various collections of ancient forms of Chinese characters, including:

Shuowen Jiezi (small seal),
Jinwen Bian (bronze inscriptions),
Liushutong (Liushutong characters) and
Yinxu Jiaguwen Bian (oracle bone script).

Characters in the same phonetic series (咅) (Zhengzhang, 2003)
	Old Chinese
蓓	bɯːʔ, bɯːʔ
倍	*bɯːʔ
菩	bɯːʔ, bɯʔ, bɯː, bɯːɡ
掊	bruː, poːʔ, bɯ, bɯ
剖	pʰoːʔ, pʰoʔ
婄	pʰɯʔ, bɯʔ, *bɯː
踣	pʰɯs, bɯːɡ
箁	*bɯ
咅	pʰɯʔ, pʰl'oːs
部	boːʔ, boːʔ, boːʔ, boːʔ
培	boːʔ, bɯː
犃	*boːʔ
瓿	boːʔ, bɯ, *bo
殕	pɯʔ, pʰoʔ, *qɯːɡ
醅	pʰɯ, pʰɯː
棓	bɯ, broːŋʔ, *bɯː
涪	*bɯ
賠	*bɯː
陪	*bɯː
毰	*bɯː
焙	*bɯːs

Phono-semantic compound (形聲, OC *bɯːʔ) : semantic 人 + phonetic 咅 (OC *pʰɯʔ, *pʰl'oːs).

Pronunciation

Mandarin
(Pinyin): bèi (bei⁴)

(Zhuyin): ㄅㄟˋ
Cantonese (Jyutping): pui⁵
Hakka (Sixian, PFS): phi
Min Dong (BUC): buôi
Min Nan
(Hokkien, POJ): pē / pěr / pōe / pēr / pǒe

(Teochew, Peng'im): buê⁶
Wu (Wiktionary): be (T3)

Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)⁺
  - Pinyin: bèi
  - Zhuyin: ㄅㄟˋ
  - Wade–Giles: pei⁴
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: bey
  - IPA ^(key): /peɪ̯⁵¹/
- (Standard Chinese, erhua-ed) (倍兒／倍儿)⁺
  - Pinyin: bèir
  - Zhuyin: ㄅㄟˋㄦ
  - Wade–Giles: peirh⁴
  - Gwoyeu Romatzyh: beill
  - IPA ^(key): /pəɻ⁵¹/

Note: erhua-ed - “very”.

Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou)⁺
  - Jyutping: pui⁵
  - Yale: púih
  - Cantonese Pinyin: pui⁵
  - Guangdong Romanization: pui⁵
  - IPA ^(key): /pʰuːy̯¹³/
Hakka
- (Sixian, incl. Miaoli and Meinong)
  - Pha̍k-fa-sṳ: phi
  - Hakka Romanization System: pi
  - Hagfa Pinyim: pi⁴
  - IPA: /pʰi⁵⁵/
Min Dong
- (Fuzhou)
  - Bàng-uâ-cê: buôi
  - IPA ^(key): /puɔi²⁴²/
Min Nan
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Taipei, Hsinchu, Magong)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pē
  - Tâi-lô: pē
  - Phofsit Daibuun: pe
  - IPA (Xiamen): /pe²²/
  - IPA (Taipei): /pe³³/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou, Lukang)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pěr
  - Tâi-lô: pěr
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /pə²²/
- (Hokkien: Xiamen, Zhangzhou, Kaohsiung, Tainan, Taichung, Yilan)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pōe
  - Tâi-lô: puē
  - Phofsit Daibuun: poe
  - IPA (Xiamen, Zhangzhou): /pue²²/
  - IPA (Kaohsiung): /pue³³/
- (Hokkien: Sanxia, Hsinchu, Kinmen)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pēr
  - Tâi-lô: pēr
  - IPA (Kinmen): /pə²²/
- (Hokkien: Quanzhou)
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī: pǒe
  - Tâi-lô: puě
  - IPA (Quanzhou): /pue²²/

Note:

Xiamen, Quanzhou:
- pē/pěr - vernacular;
- pōe/pǒe - literary.

- (Teochew)
  - Peng'im: buê⁶
  - Pe̍h-ōe-jī-like: puĕ
  - IPA ^(key): /pue³⁵/
Wu
- (Shanghainese)
  - Wiktionary: be (T3)
  - IPA ^(key): /b̻e̞²³/

Dialectal data▼

Variety	Location	edit 倍
Mandarin	Beijing	/pei⁵¹/
	Harbin	/pei⁵³/
	Tianjin	/pei⁵³/
	Jinan	/pei²¹/
	Qingdao	/pe⁴²/
	Zhengzhou	/pei³¹²/
	Xi'an	/pʰei⁴⁴/
	Xining	/pʰɨ²¹³/
	Yinchuan	/pei¹³/
	Lanzhou	/pei¹³/
	Ürümqi	/pei²¹³/
	Wuhan	/pei³⁵/
	Chengdu	/pei¹³/
	Guiyang	/pei²¹³/
	Kunming	/pei²¹²/
	Nanjing	/pəi⁴⁴/
	Hefei	/pe⁵³/
Jin	Taiyuan	/pei⁴⁵/
	Pingyao	/pæ³⁵/
	Hohhot	/pei⁵⁵/
Wu	Shanghai	/be²³/
	Suzhou	/be̞³¹/
	Hangzhou	/bei¹³/
	Wenzhou	/bai³⁵/
Hui	Shexian	/pʰɛ²²/
Hui	Tunxi	/pə²⁴/
Xiang	Changsha	/pei⁵⁵/ /pei¹¹/
Xiang	Xiangtan	/bəi²¹/
Gan	Nanchang	/pʰi²¹/
Hakka	Meixian	/pʰi⁵³/
Hakka	Taoyuan	/pʰoi⁵⁵/
Cantonese	Guangzhou	/pʰui²³/
	Nanning	/pʰui²⁴/
	Hong Kong	/pʰui¹³/
Min	Xiamen (Min Nan)	/pue²²/ /pe²²/
	Fuzhou (Min Dong)	/puɔi²⁴²/
	Jian'ou (Min Bei)	/po⁴²/
	Shantou (Min Nan)	/pue³⁵/
	Haikou (Min Nan)	/ʔbui³³/

Middle Chinese: /bʌi^X/▼

Rime
Character	倍
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	並 (3)
Final (韻)	咍 (41)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	I
Fanqie	薄亥切
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/bʌi^X/
Pan Wuyun	/bəi^X/
Shao Rongfen	/bɒi^X/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/bəj^X/
Li Rong	/bᴀi^X/
Wang Li	/bɒi^X/
Bernard Karlgren	/bʱɑ̆i^X/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	bèi

Old Chinese▼
(Baxter–Sagart): /*[b]ˤəʔ/

(Zhengzhang): /*bɯːʔ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	倍
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	bèi
Middle Chinese	‹ bwoj^X ›
Old Chinese	/*[b]ˁəʔ/
English	double
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. [t] as coda may in fact be -t or -p; Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	倍
Reading #	1/1
No.	9837
Phonetic component	咅
Rime group	之
Rime subdivision	0
Corresponding MC rime	倍
Old Chinese	/*bɯːʔ/

Definitions

倍

to double
Classifier for the number of times a value is multiplied: times; -fold
一百倍 ― yībǎi bèi ― hundredfold; one hundred times
exceptionally; especially
(Mandarin, colloquial) very; extremely

Compounds

事倍功半 (shìbèi-gōngbàn)
事半功倍 (shìbàn-gōngbèi)
五倍子 (wǔbèizǐ)
五倍子蟲／五倍子虫
倍兒／倍儿 (bèir)
倍兒棒／倍儿棒 (bèirbàng)
倍力橋／倍力桥
倍受矚目／倍受瞩目
倍增 (bèizēng)
倍奉
倍常
倍式
倍律
倍感親切／倍感亲切

倍數／倍数 (bèishù)
倍日并行
倍比定律
倍率
倍畔
倍稱／倍称
倍蓰
倍覺／倍觉
倍足綱／倍足纲
倍道 (bèidào)
倍道兼行
倍道兼進／倍道兼进
偏倍
公倍數／公倍数 (gōngbèishù)

兼倍
利市三倍
力倍功半
加倍 (jiābèi)
勇氣百倍／勇气百倍 (yǒngqì bǎibèi)
半價倍息／半价倍息
單倍體／单倍体 (dānbèitǐ)
獲利倍蓰／获利倍蓰
百倍 (bǎibèi)
聲價十倍／声价十倍
身價百倍／身价百倍
鄙倍
雙倍／双倍

Japanese

Kanji

倍

(grade 3 “Kyōiku” kanji)

Readings

Go-on: ばい (bai, Jōyō); べ (be)
Kan-on: はい (hai)
Kun: そむく (somuku, 倍く); ます (masu, 倍す)

Compounds

一倍
一粒万倍
五倍子
人一倍
倍加
倍増
倍大
倍数
倍旧
倍率
倍精度
倍音
倍額
勇気百倍
安倍川餅
数倍
逓倍

Noun

倍 (hiragana ばい, rōmaji bai)

twice, double, two times
田 (た)中 (なか)さんの家 (いえ)は私 (わたし)の家 (いえ)の倍 (ばい)の大 (おお)きさだ。
Tanaka-san no ie wa watashi no ie no bai no ōkisa da.
Tanaka's house is twice the size of mine.

倍 (ばい)にする
bai ni suru
to double

Antonyms

半 (はん) (han, “half”)

Suffix

倍 (hiragana ばい, rōmaji -bai)

times, -fold
この飛 (ひ)行 (こう)機 (き)はあの飛 (ひ)行 (こう)機 (き)よりも３ (さん)倍 (ばい)速 (はや)い。
Kono hikōki wa ano hikōki yori mo san-bai hayai.
This plane is a whole three times faster than that plane.

４ (よん)の５ (ご)倍 (ばい)
yon no go-bai
4 times 5

Korean

Hanja

倍 • (bae, pae) (hangeul 배, 패, revised bae, pae, McCune–Reischauer pae, p'ae)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

Vietnamese

Han character

倍 (bội, bạu, bậu, bụa, buạ, vội)

This term needs a translation to English. Please help out and add a translation, then remove the text {{rfdef}}.

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