Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/tьstь

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Etymology

Unclear:

From *tьt- +‎ *-tь and related to *tata (“dad”), *teta (“aunt”). Compare lt Lithuanian tėtė : tėtis (“dad”), tetà (“aunt”), Old Prussian thetis (“grandfather”), Saterland Frisian tate, Latin tata (“daddy”), Sanskrit तत (tatáḥ), also Swedish titta (“aunt, auntie”), Ancient Greek τέττα (tétta).
From *tьs- +‎ *-tь, from Proto-Indo-European *teḱ-. Compare Ancient Greek τίκτω (tíktō, “to beget”), τέκνον (téknon, “child”), οἱ τοκεῖς pl (hoi tokeîs, “parents”) (= οἱ γονεῖς pl (hoi goneîs)), also Frankish tichter, Old High German degan.

Old Prussian tisties (“father-in-law (wife's father)”) is related to or borrowed from Slavic.

Noun

*tьstь m

father-in-law (wife's father)

Declension

Declension of *tьstь (i-stem)

	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	*tьstь	*tьsti	tьstьje, tьsťe^*
Accusative	*tьstь	*tьsti	*tьsti
Genitive	*tьsti	tьstьju, tьsťu^*	tьstьjь, tьsti^*
Locative	*tьsti	tьstьju, tьsťu^*	*tьstьxъ
Dative	*tьsti	*tьstьma	*tьstьmъ
Instrumental	*tьstьmь	*tьstьma	*tьstьmi
Vocative	*tьsti	*tьsti	tьstьje, tьsťe^*

^* The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Derived terms

*tьšča

Descendants

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: тьсть (tĭstĭ)
  - Belarusian: цесць (cjescʹ)
  - Russian: тесть (testʹ)
  - Ukrainian: тесть (testʹ)

South Slavic:
- Old Church Slavonic: тьсть (tĭstĭ)
  - Bulgarian: тъст (tǎst)
- Macedonian: тест (test)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic: та̏ст
  
  Latin: tȁst
- Slovene: tást, test

West Slavic:
- Old Czech: test
  - Czech: test
- Old Polish: cieść
  - Polish: teść
- Slovak: tesť
- Sorbian:
  - Upper Sorbian: ćest

References

Vasmer (Fasmer), Max (Maks) (1964–1973), “тесть”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), translated from German and supplemented by Trubačóv Oleg, Moscow: Progress
Černyx, P. Ja. (1999), “тесть”, in Istoriko-etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Historical-Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), volume 2, 3rd reprint edition, Moscow: Russkij jazyk, page 241
Олег Трубачёв (1959) История славянских терминов родства‎, Moscow, page 125

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