Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/ętry

This Proto-Slavic entry contains reconstructed words and roots. As such, the term(s) in this entry are not directly attested, but are hypothesized to have existed based on comparative evidence.

Proto-Slavic

Alternative forms

*jętry

Etymology

From Proto-Balto-Slavic *ienˀter, from Proto-Indo-European *h₁yenh₂tēr. Baltic cognates include Lithuanian jéntė (17th century), ìntė (Eastern dialectal), Latvian ìetere, iẽtaļa. Indo-European cognates include Ancient Greek ἐνάτηρ (enátēr), Latin janitrīcēs, Sanskrit यातृ (yātṛ), and Old Armenian ներ (ner).

Noun

*ętry f

husband's brother's wife

Inflection

Declension of *ętry (v-stem)

	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	*ętry	*ętrъvi	*ętrъvi
Accusative	*ętrъvь	*ętrъvi	*ętrъvi
Genitive	*ętrъve	*ętrъvu	*ętrъvъ
Locative	*ętrъve	*ętrъvu	ętrъvьxъ, ętrъvaxъ^*
Dative	*ętrъvi	ętrъvьma, ętrъvama^*	ętrъvьmъ, ętrъvamъ^*
Instrumental	ętrъvьjǫ, ętrъvľǫ^**	ętrъvьma, ętrъvama^*	ętrъvьmi, ętrъvami^*
Vocative	*ętry	*ętrъvi	*ętrъvi

^* -ьmъ/etc. are the original consonant-stem endings, while -amъ/etc. are later Common Slavic endings formed by analogy with a-stems.
^** The second form occurs in languages that contract early across /j/ (e.g. Czech), while the first form occurs in languages that do not (e.g. Russian).

Descendants

Church Slavonic: ѩтрꙑ (jętry), gen. ѩтръве (jętrŭve)

East Slavic:
- Old East Slavic: ꙗтрꙑ (jatry), gen. ꙗтръве (jatrŭve)
  - Belarusian: ятро́ўка (jatróŭka)
  - Russian: я́тровь (játrovʹ) (dialectal)
  - Ukrainian: ятрі́вка (jatrívka), ятро́вка (jatróvka)

South Slavic:
- Bulgarian: (Gerov) ятръ́ва (jatrǎ́va), етръ́ва (etrǎ́va), етъ́рва (etǎ́rva)
- Macedonian: јатрва (jatrva)
- Serbo-Croatian:
  Cyrillic: је̑трва, је̏трва, је́трва
  
  Latin: jȇtrva, jȅtrva, jétrva
  - Chakavian (Vrgada): jȇtrva
  - Chakavian (Novi): jetrvȁ
- Slovene: jẹ̑trva (tonal orthography)

West Slavic:
- Old Czech: jatrev
- Old Polish: jątry, jątrew
  - Polish: jątrew (archaic), gen. jątrwi

References

Derksen, Rick (2008), “*ętry”, in Etymological Dictionary of the Slavic Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 4), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 158
Vasmer (Fasmer), Max (Maks) (1964–1973), “ятровь”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ russkovo jazyka [Etymological Dictionary of the Russian Language] (in Russian), translated from German and supplemented by Trubačóv Oleg, Moscow: Progress
Trubačóv, Oleg, editor (1981), “*jętry”, in Etimologičeskij slovarʹ slavjanskix jazykov [Etymological dictionary of Slavic languages] (in Russian), volume 08, Moscow: Nauka, page 188

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