Prehistoric pile dwellings around the Alps

Prehistoric pile dwellings around the Alps are a series of prehistoric pile dwelling (or stilt house) settlements in and around the Alps built from about 5000 to 500 B.C. on the edges of lakes, rivers or wetlands. In 2011, 111 sites located variously in Switzerland (56), Italy (19), Germany (18), France (11), Austria (5), and Slovenia (2) were added to the UNESCO World Heritage Site list.[1] In Slovenia, these were the first World Heritage sites to be listed for their cultural value.[2]

Prehistoric Pile Dwellings around the Alps
UNESCO World Heritage Site
Reconstruction of a pile house at the Pfahlbau Museum Unteruhldingen on Lake Constance in Germany
Location(see map)
Includes111 locations in Austria, France, Germany, Italy, Slovenia and Switzerland
CriteriaCultural: (iv), (v)
Reference1363
Inscription2011 (35th session)
Area274.2 ha (678 acres)
Buffer zone3,960.77 ha (9,787.3 acres)
Websitewww.palafittes.org

Excavations conducted at some of the sites have yielded evidence regarding prehistoric life and the way communities interacted with their environment during the Neolithic and Bronze Ages in Alpine Europe. These settlements are a unique group of exceptionally well-preserved and culturally rich archaeological sites, which constitute one of the most important sources for the study of early agrarian societies in the region.[1]

Contrary to popular belief, the dwellings were not erected over water, but on nearby marshy land. They were set on piles to protect against occasional flooding. Because the lakes have grown in size over time, many of the original piles are now under water, giving modern observers the false impression that they have always been this way.[3]

Map
Ägelmoos
Riesi
Vingelz / Hafen
Dorfstation
Lobsigensee
Rütte
Bahnhof
Strandboden
Les Grèves
Spitz
Môtier I
Segelboothafen
En Praz des Gueux
Port
Bourg
Egolzwil 3
Seematte
Port-Conty
Les Argilliez
L’Abbaye 2
La Saunerie
Les Graviers
Kehrsiten
Weier I - III
Freienbach–Hurden Rosshorn
Freienbach–Hurden Seefeld
Burgäschisee Ost
Inkwilersee Insel
Feldbach (Seegubel)
Rapperswil-Jona–Technikum
Bleiche 2-3
Insel Werd
Egelsee
Nussbaumersee
Pointe de Montbec I
La Bessime
Village
Stations de Concise
Corcelettes Les Violes
Les Roseaux
Stations de Morges
Chenevières de Guévaux I
Baie de Clendy
Le Marais
Oterswil / Insel Eielen
Riedmatt
Sumpf
Erlenbach–Winkel
Greifensee–Storen/Wildsberg
Meilen–Rorenhaab
Wädenswil–Vorder Au
Wetzikon-Robenhausen
Zürich–Enge Alpenquai
Grosser Hafner
Abtsdorf I
Abtsdorf III
Litzlberg Süd
See
Le Grand Lac de Clairvaux
Lac de Chalain, rive occidentale
Lac d’Aiguebelette, zone sud
Baie de Grésine
Baie de Châtillon
Hautecombe
Littoral de Tresserve
Littoral de Chens-sur-Léman
Les Marais de Saint-Jorioz
Le Crêt de Chatillon
Secteur des Mongets
Wangen-Hinterhorn
Hornstaad-Hörnle
Allensbach-Strandbad
Wollmatingen-Langenrain
Konstanz-Hinterhausen
Litzelstetten-Krähenhorn 32
Bodman-Schachen / Löchle
Sipplingen-Osthafen
Unteruhldingen-Stollenwiesen
Ödenahlen
Grundwiesen
Siedlung Forschner
Olzreute-Enzisholz
Schreckensee
Ehrenstein
Pestenacker
Unfriedshausen
Rose Island
Palù di Livenza – Santissima
Lavagnone
San Sivino, Gabbiano
Lugana Vecchia
Lucone
Lagazzi del Vho
Bande - Corte Carpani
Castellaro Lagusello - Fondo Tacoli
Isolino Virginia-Camilla-Isola di San Biagio
Bodio centrale o delle Monete
Il Sabbione o settentrionale
VI.1-Emissario
Mercurago
Molina di Ledro
Fiavé-Lago Carera
Belvedere
Frassino
Tombola
Laghetto della Costa
Kolišča na Igu, severna skupina
Kolišča na Igu, južna skupina
Locations of all sites making up the Prehistoric pile dwellings around the Alps

Sites
Country[4] Serial ID Number[4] Name[4] Location[4] Coordinates[5] Location size (Ha) Buffer zone (Ha) Approx. Date occupied (BC)[6]
Switzerland1363-001ÄgelmoosBeinwil am See47°16′43.047″N 8°12′27.44″E0.9610.52000–1000
Switzerland1363-002RiesiSeengen47°19′6.532″N 8°12′14.29″E3.816.51500–500
Switzerland1363-003Vingelz / HafenBiel/Bienne47°7′55.585″N 7°13′24.3″E0.618.43000–2500
Switzerland1363-004DorfstationLüscherz47°2′55.464″N 7°9′0.22″E3.475.14000–3500, 3000–2500, 1000–500
Switzerland1363-005LobsigenseeSeedorf47°1′58.487″N 7°17′59.989″E1.127.63500–3000
Switzerland1363-006RütteSutz-Lattrigen47°6′18.364″N 7°12′46.78″E2.849.63000–2500
Switzerland1363-007BahnhofTwann47°5′43.915″N 7°9′27.74″E2.518.54000–3000
Switzerland1363-008StrandbodenVinelz47°2′21.059″N 7°6′33.56″E2.328.74000–2500
Switzerland1363-009Les GrèvesGletterens46°54′19.098″N 6°55′46.37″E2.622.43500–3000
Switzerland1363-010SpitzGreng46°55′21.014″N 7°5′25.93″E7.697.34000–3500, 3000–2500, 1500–500
Switzerland1363-011Môtier IHaut-Vully46°57′0.889″N 7°5′19.87″E1.421.3Neolithic
Switzerland1363-012SegelboothafenMurten46°55′47.323″N 7°6′48.28″E2.834.73000–2500
Switzerland1363-013En Praz des GueuxPrez46°47′39.2″N 7°2′12.7″E0.082.024000–3500
Switzerland1363-014Bellerive ICollonge-Bellerive46°15′12.03″N 6°11′25.6″E2.48.871000–500
Switzerland1363-015PortCorsier46°16′5.61″N 6°12′37.7″E1.9410.94000–3500, 3000–2500, 2000–1500, 1000–500
Switzerland1363-016BourgVersoix46°16′52.29″N 6°10′14.63″E3.0315.931500–500
Switzerland1363-017Egolzwil 3Egolzwil47°10′56.55″N 8°0′59.36″E0.6556.825000–4000
Switzerland1363-018SeematteHitzkirch47°12′58.48″N 8°15′15.2″E2.8124.554000–2500
Switzerland1363-019HalbinselSursee47°10′13.13″N 8°7′28.27″E3.5567.784000–3500, 2500–500
Switzerland1363-020Port-ContySaint-Aubin-Sauges46°53′25.42″N 6°46′14.73″E1.047.034000–2000
Switzerland1363-021Les ArgilliezGorgier46°54′11.8″N 6°47′23.61″E1.321.24000–3500
Switzerland1363-022L’Abbaye 2Bevaix46°55′34.54″N 6°49′50.56″E1.045.011040–986
Switzerland1363-023La SaunerieMilvignes46°58′14.3″N 6°52′17.78″E1.511.634000–3500, 3000–2000
Switzerland1363-024Les GraviersMilvignes46°58′22.45″N 6°52′29.99″E0.572.133500–2500, 2000–1500, 1000–500
Switzerland1363-025KehrsitenStansstad47°0′7.92″N 8°21′58.65″E1.265.144000–3000
Switzerland1363-026Weier I - IIIThayngen47°44′10.11″N 8°42′16.02″E0.483.444000–3500
Switzerland1363-027Freienbach–Hurden RosshornHurden47°13′10.38″N 8°48′24.6″E4.3220.13500–3000, 2000–500
Switzerland1363-028Freienbach–Hurden SeefeldHurden47°12′43.05″N 8°48′8.22″E2.416.123500–2500
Switzerland1363-029Burgäschisee OstAeschi47°10′7.33″N 7°40′20.48″E0.390.694000–3500, 3000–2500
Switzerland1363-030Inkwilersee InselBolken/Inkwil47°11′55.23″N 7°39′45.79″E0.145.714000-3500, 3000–2500, 1000–500
Switzerland1363-031Feldbach (Seegubel)Kempraten/Feldbach47°14′19.66″N 8°47′45.96″E7.515.54000–1000
Switzerland1363-032Rapperswil-Jona–TechnikumRapperswil47°13′14.21″N 8°48′56.55″E0.9249.12000–1500
Switzerland1363-033Bleiche 2-3Arbon47°30′13.72″N 9°25′39.93″E2.375.843500–3000, 2000–1500
Switzerland1363-034Insel WerdEschenz47°39′18.87″N 8°52′1.19″E2.844.084000–2500, 1500–500
Switzerland1363-035EgelseeGachnang-Niederwil47°33′30.45″N 8°51′46.8″E2.975.944000–3500
Switzerland1363-036NussbaumerseeHüttwilen47°36′53.3″N 8°48′55.05″E3.6616.865000–2500, 1000–500
Switzerland1363-037Pointe de Montbec IChabrey46°56′2.97″N 6°58′13.73″E1.788.041500–500
Switzerland1363-038La BessimeChevroux46°53′14.48″N 6°53′35.57″E1.0722.14000–3500, 1000–500
Switzerland1363-039VillageChevroux46°53′33.4″N 6°54′5.37″E1.5438.43500–2000
Switzerland1363-040Stations de ConciseCorcelles-près-Concise46°50′47.16″N 6°42′57.51″E6.511.54000–2500
Switzerland1363-041Corcelettes Les ViolesGrandson46°49′4.99″N 6°40′5.27″E2.5917.41500–500
Switzerland1363-042Les RoseauxMorges46°30′54.16″N 6°30′30.17″E0.868.12000–1000
Switzerland1363-043Stations de MorgesMorges46°30′36.34″N 6°30′10.3″E2.127.912000–1000
Switzerland1363-044Chenevières de Guévaux IMur, now Vully-les-Lacs46°56′5.88″N 7°3′17.69″E1.049.732000–1500
Switzerland1363-045Baie de ClendyYverdon-les-Bains46°46′48.62″N 6°39′12.77″E1.8738.74000–1500
Switzerland1363-046Le MaraisYvonand46°47′57.64″N 6°45′11.82″E1.9516.83500–2500, 1000–500
Switzerland1363-047Oterswil / Insel EielenZug47°7′36.26″N 8°29′50.46″E0.4510.823000–2000
Switzerland1363-048RiedmattZug47°10′56.95″N 8°29′28.12″E0.282.613500–2500, 1500–1000
Switzerland1363-049SumpfZug47°10′57.99″N 8°28′41.78″E1.557.51500–500
Switzerland1363-050Erlenbach–WinkelErlenbach47°17′49.91″N 8°35′46.31″E3.016.64000–1500, 1000–500
Switzerland1363-051Greifensee–Storen/WildsbergGreifensee47°21′37.8″N 8°40′51.51″E9.5911.74000–2500
Switzerland1363-052Meilen–RorenhaabMeilen47°15′50.14″N 8°39′36.82″E0.74.84000–2500, 2000–1500, 1000–500
Switzerland1363-053Wädenswil–Vorder AuWädenswil47°14′48.88″N 8°39′11.64″E1.4922.53500–1500
Switzerland1363-054Wetzikon-RobenhausenWetzikon47°20′9.05″N 8°47′8.16″E0.921554000–2500, 2000–1500, 1000–500
Switzerland1363-055Zürich–Enge AlpenquaiZürich47°21′52.06″N 8°32′19.47″E2.9317.41500–500
Switzerland1363-056Grosser Hafner and Kleiner HafnerZürich47°21′58.19″N 8°32′38.66″E0.6416.565000–1500, 1000–500
Austria1363-057Keutschacher SeeKeutschach46°35′13.27″N 14°9′34.06″E0.21132.54000–3500, 1000–500
Austria1363-058Abtsdorf IAttersee47°53′40.96″N 13°32′1.07″E1.191.431500–1000
Austria1363-059Abtsdorf IIIAttersee47°53′35.56″N 13°31′59.34″E0.2291.434000–3000
Austria1363-060Litzlberg SüdSeewalchen am Attersee47°56′3.66″N 13°33′16.99″E0.7665.264000–3000
Austria1363-061SeeMondsee47°48′13.97″N 13°26′57.41″E1.220.973500–3000
France1363-062Le Grand Lac de ClairvauxClairvaux-les-Lacs46°34′16.28″N 5°44′58.88″E15.2103.054000–500
France1363-063Lac de Chalain, rive occidentaleMarigny, Doucier, Fontenu46°40′19.726″N 5°46′34.84″E50.6596.835300–600
France1363-064Lac d’Aiguebelette, zone sudAiguebelette-le-Lac, Saint-Alban-de-Montbel45°32′36.02″N 5°48′16.85″E0.6442.873000–2500
France1363-065Baie de GrésineBrison-Saint-Innocent45°44′11.857″N 5°53′8.43″E4.0931.51000–500
France1363-066Baie de ChâtillonChindrieux45°47′51.878″N 5°51′3.37″E0.917.61000–500
France1363-067HautecombeSaint-Pierre-de-Curtille45°44′59.23″N 5°50′27.07″E2.035.73500–3000
France1363-068Littoral de TresserveTresserve45°41′2.681″N 5°53′34.15″E2.1272.41000–500
France1363-069Littoral de Chens-sur-LémanChens-sur-Léman46°19′16.068″N 6°15′21.42″E0.9392.61500–500
France1363-070Les Marais de Saint-JoriozSaint-Jorioz45°50′6.749″N 6°10′58.29″E0.494.34000–3500
France1363-071Le Crêt de ChatillonSévrier45°51′37.4″N 6°9′19.8″E1.078.21500–500
France1363-072Secteur des MongetsSévrier, Saint-Jorioz45°51′11.714″N 6°9′4.64″E0.1363.22000–1500
Germany1363-073Wangen-HinterhornÖhningen47°39′39.416″N 8°56′20.02″E2.563.24000–2500, 1500–500
Germany1363-074Hornstaad-HörnleGaienhofen47°41′40.229″N 9°0′21.30″E13.1172.44000–2500
Germany1363-075Allensbach-StrandbadAllensbach47°42′35.132″N 9°4′47.33″E2.656.64000–2500
Germany1363-076Wollmatingen-LangenrainKonstanz47°40′29.582″N 9°7′13.32″E1.5583.71000–500
Germany1363-077Konstanz-HinterhausenKonstanz47°39′54.788″N 9°11′38.65″E4.154.124000–3500, 3000–2500
Germany1363-078Litzelstetten-Krähenhorn 32Konstanz47°43′28.823″N 9°10′44.23″E7.5147.923960–3805
Germany1363-079Bodman-Schachen / LöchleBodman-Ludwigshafen47°48′52.11″N 9°2′23.11″E5.3414.14000–3500, 3000–2500, 2000–1000
Germany1363-080Sipplingen-OsthafenSipplingen47°47′35.304″N 9°6′7.29″E4.616.233919–2417, 934–933
Germany1363-081Unteruhldingen-StollenwiesenUhldingen-Mühlhofen47°43′15.258″N 9°13′42.18″E4.224.524000–3500, 3000–2500, 2000–500
Germany1363-082ÖdenahlenAlleshausen48°7′9.163″N 9°38′27.54″E0.9758.024000–3500
Germany1363-083GrundwiesenAlleshausen48°6′30.744″N 9°37′35.75″E0.543.423020–2700
Germany1363-084Siedlung ForschnerBad Buchau48°3′17.492″N 9°38′25.92″E3.54285.141767–1480
Germany1363-085Olzreute-EnzisholzBad Schussenried47°59′54.859″N 9°41′19.26″E1.8220.623000–2500
Germany1363-086SchreckenseeWolpertswende47°53′18.56″N 9°34′7.77″E1.067.053651–3263
Germany1363-087EhrensteinBlaustein48°24′38.707″N 9°55′23.68″E1.332.424000–3500
Germany1363-088PestenackerWeil48°8′48.044″N 10°56′52.29″E0.573.663495–3481
Germany1363-089UnfriedshausenGeltendorf48°8′32.359″N 10°57′4.28″E0.797.693813–3535
Germany1363-090Rose IslandFeldafing47°56′29.522″N 11°18′33.52″E15.1634.35000–2500, 2000–500
Italy1363-091Palù di Livenza – SantissimaPolcenigo46°1′18.268″N 12°28′52.13″E13.4886.724766–4375, 3768–3538
Italy1363-092LavagnoneDesenzano del Garda45°26′11.094″N 10°32′14.68″E6.0414.452500–1000
Italy1363-093San Sivino, GabbianoManerba del Garda45°32′7.944″N 10°33′27.94″E1.853.462500–1500
Italy1363-094Lugana VecchiaSirmione45°27′30.121″N 10°38′36.8″E2.5911.162500–1000
Italy1363-095LuconePolpenazze del Garda45°33′3.326″N 10°29′17.19″E7.6668.25000–3500, 2500–1500
Italy1363-096Lagazzi del VhoPiadena45°6′27.544″N 10°23′34.71″E2.7718.462000–1500
Italy1363-097Bande - Corte CarpaniCavriana45°22′16.878″N 10°35′9.61″E7.3336.42005–1959
Italy1363-098Castellaro Lagusello - Fondo TacoliMonzambano45°22′9.343″N 10°38′3.13″E1.2359.042000–1000
Italy1363-099Isolino Virginia-Camilla-Isola di San BiagioBiandronno45°48′43.25″N 8°43′5.02″E3.7925.075000–1000
Italy1363-100Bodio centrale o delle MoneteBodio Lomnago45°47′47.152″N 8°45′20.19″E1.6728.552000–1000
Italy1363-101Il Sabbione o settentrionaleCadrezzate45°47′58.625″N 8°38′55.64″E1.189.612000–1000
Italy1363-102VI.1-EmissarioViverone, Azeglio45°25′5.743″N 8°1′22.44″E5.86852.772000–1000
Italy1363-103MercuragoArona45°44′1.709″N 8°33′7.6″E5.16270.062000–1000
Italy1363-104Molina di LedroLedro45°52′26.857″N 10°45′54.05″E0.782.311900–1300
Italy1363-105Fiavé-Lago CareraFiavè45°59′24.346″N 10°49′51.55″E10.773.924000–3500, 2000–1000
Italy1363-106BelvederePeschiera del Garda45°27′22.705″N 10°39′30.31″E2.5212.462500–1500
Italy1363-107FrassinoPeschiera del Garda45°26′5.168″N 10°39′47.51″E1.4831.192000–1000
Italy1363-108TombolaCerea45°10′46.348″N 11°12′40.5″E1.51123.761500–1000
Italy1363-109Laghetto della CostaArquà Petrarca45°16′10.844″N 11°44′32.68″E1.566.522500–1500
Slovenia1363-110Kolišča na Igu, severna skupinaIg45°58′32.318″N 14°31′46.19″E19.2516.653000–1500
Slovenia1363-111Kolišča na Igu, južna skupinaIg45°58′14.221″N 14°32′29.84″E26.1516.555000–2500
  • Reconstructed pile dwellings in Unteruhldingen
  • Patterns of pile dwellings ceramics, Lake Bourget, Savoy, 1915
  • Ceramics of palafittes of Lake Bourget, Savoy, 1915
  • Remains of underwater palafittes, station of Morges, Switzerland, 2011
  • Inventory of the metallic material of the pile dwellings of Lake Bourget, 1908
  • Canoe from Lake Chalain, Jura, 1904
  • Site of pile dwellings near Ig, Slovenia

See also
  • Prehistoric pile dwellings around Zürichsee

References
  1. UNESCO World Heritage Site - Prehistoric Pile dwellings around the Alps
  2. Maša Štiftar de Arzu, ed. (14 October 2011). "Pile-dwellings in the Ljubljansko Barje on UNESCO List" (PDF). Embassy Newsletter. Embassy of Slovenia in Washington.
  3. Armando Mombelli, Lake dwellings reveal hidden past, SwissInfo.ch, Nov 11, 2011
  4. Prehistoric Pile dwellings around the Alps, Locations accessed 12 August 2011. Due to errors in coordinates from this document, some coordinates come from other sources.
  5. Location and coordinates taken from Palafittes.org nominating documents-Revised executive summary Archived 2012-03-30 at the Wayback Machine accessed 12 August 2011. Coordinates converted from UTM.
  6. palafittes.org nomination documents Archived 2012-03-30 at the Wayback Machine accessed 14 August 2011
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