Endomorphin-1

Endomorphin-1 (EM-1) (amino acid sequence Tyr-Pro-Trp-Phe-NH2) is an endogenous opioid peptide and one of the two endomorphins.[1] It is a high affinity, highly selective agonist of the μ-opioid receptor, and along with endomorphin-2 (EM-2), has been proposed to be the actual endogenous ligand of the μ-receptor.[1][2][3][4] EM-1 produces analgesia in animals and is equipotent with morphine in this regard.[3] The gene encoding for EM-1 has not yet been identified[4], and it has been suggested that endomorphins could be synthesized by an enzymatic, non-ribosomal mechanism.[5]

Endomorphin-1
Names
IUPAC name
L-Tyrosyl-L-prolyl-L-tryptophyl-L-phenylalaninamide
Identifiers
3D model (JSmol)
ChemSpider
Properties
C34H38N6O5
Molar mass 610.703 g/mol
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
Infobox references

See also
  • β-Endorphin

References
  1. Bodnar RJ, Commons KG, Pfaff DW (3 April 2002). Central Neural States Relating Sex and Pain. JHU Press. pp. 67–. ISBN 978-0-8018-6827-6.
  2. Krammer HJ, Singer MV (31 May 2000). Neurogastroenterology - From the Basics to the Clinics. Springer Science & Business Media. pp. 76–. ISBN 978-0-7923-8757-2.
  3. Brain S, Moore PK (1999). Pain and Neurogenic Inflammation. Springer Science & Business Media. pp. 28–. ISBN 978-3-7643-5875-4.
  4. Offermanns S, Rosenthal W (14 August 2008). Encyclopedia of Molecular Pharmacology. Springer Science & Business Media. pp. 904–. ISBN 978-3-540-38916-3.
  5. Terskiy A, Wannemacher KM, Yadav PN, Tsai M, Tian B, Howells RD (November 2007). "Search of the human proteome for endomorphin-1 and endomorphin-2 precursor proteins". Life Sciences. 81 (23–24): 1593–601. doi:10.1016/j.lfs.2007.09.025. PMC 2144908. PMID 17964607.
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