Circassians in Turkey

The Circassians in Turkey (East Circassian and West Circassian: Адыгэхэр Тырку, Adyghexer Tyrku; Turkish: Türkiye'deki Çerkesler) are one of the largest ethnic minorities in Turkey, with a population between 130,000 and 2 million. The closely related ethnic groups Abazins (10,000[6]) and Abkhazians (39,000[7]) are also often counted among them. Circassians are a Caucasian immigrant people, but the vast majority of them have assimilated to the Turkish language, and only a small minority still speak their native Circassian languages. The Circassians in Turkey are almost exclusively Sunni Muslims of Hanafi madh'hab.

Circassians in Turkey
Total population
140,000[1][2][3] - 2,000,000[4][5]
Regions with significant populations
Marmara Region, Central Anatolia Region, Black Sea Region
Languages
Circassian, Turkish
Religion
Sunni Islam
Related ethnic groups
Abazins, Abkhazians
Ethem the Circassian, his Circassian hands and Mustafa Kemal Atatürk in front of the main building of the station, who were on their way to the Yozgat rebellion (June 1920)

Demographics
Circassian-speaking population in Turkey[8]
Year As first language As second language Total Turkey's population % of Total speakers
1927 95,901 0 95,901 13,629,488 0.70
1935 91,972 14,703 106,675 16,157,450 0.66
1945 66,691 9,779 76,470 18,790,174 0.41
1950 75,837 0 75,837 20,947,188 0.36
1955 77,611 22,861 100,407 24,064,763 0.42
1960 63,137 65,061 128,198 27,754,820 0.46
1965 58,339 48,621 106,960 31,391,421 0.34

In the census of 1965, those who spoke Circassian as first language were proportionally most numerous in Kayseri (3.2%), Tokat (1.2%) and Kahramanmaraş (1.0).

The distribution of Circassians in Turkey

See also

References
  1. Milliyet, Anadil kontrolüyle sağlanan dolaylı bilgininde katılmasıyla ortaya çıkan tabloda Türkiye'de yetişkinlerin (18 yaş ve üstündekilerin) etnik kimliklerin dağılımı ... 0.3 Kafkas kökenli
  2. KONDA Research and Consultancy, Social Structure Survey 2006
  3. Heinz Kloss & Grant McConnel, Linguistic composition of the nations of the world, vol,5, Europe and USSR, Québec, Presses de l'Université Laval, 1984, ISBN 2-7637-7044-4
  4. Circassia, Unrepresented Nations and Peoples Organization, archived from the original on 2010-11-29.
  5. Ülkü Bilgin: Azınlık hakları ve Türkiye. Kitap Yayınevi, Istanbul 2007; S. 85. ISBN 975-6051-80-9 (Turkish Language)
  6. "Ethnologue: Abasinen". Ethnologue. Retrieved 20 November 2014.
  7. "Ethnologue: Abchasen". Ethnologue. Retrieved 20 November 2014.
  8. Fuat Dündar, Türkiye Nüfus Sayımlarında Azınlıklar, 2000
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