Chengdu Metro

Chengdu Metro is the rapid transit system of Chengdu, the capital of Sichuan Province, China. The system has seven lines in operation. Line 1 was opened on 27 September 2010, making it the first heavy-rail metro line in southwest China. (Chongqing Rail Transit Line 2 opened first in 2005 but is Heavy-Monorail)[4] Line 2 began operations in September 2012. Line 4 opened to public at the end of December 2015, while Line 3 opened in July 2016. Metro lines are operated by Chengdu Rail Transit Group Company Limited. There are currently over 215 km (134 mi) of subway lines under construction in Chengdu.[5] By the end of 2020, the Chengdu Metro will have 13 lines reaching 521 km (324 mi) in length serving over 8 million trips per day.[6]

Chengdu Metro
Logo of Chengdu Metro
Overview
OwnerCity of Chengdu China
LocaleChengdu, Sichuan, China
Transit typeRapid transit
Number of lines7
Number of stations222
Daily ridership3.1713 million (2018 Avg.)[1]
4.4836 million (2019 Peak)[2]
Annual ridership1158 million (2018)[1]
Websitewww.chengdurail.com
Operation
Began operation27 September 2010 (2010-09-27)
(10 September 2010 (2010-09-10) Public Trial)
Operator(s)Chengdu Rail Transit Group
Technical
System length302.66 km (188.1 mi)[3]
Track gauge1,435 mm (4 ft 8 1⁄2 in) standard gauge
Electrification1500 V DC overhead lines
System map

Chengdu Metro
Simplified Chinese成都地铁
Traditional Chinese成都地鐵

History
Evolution of the Chengdu Metro

Inception

In 1985, the Chengdu Planning Bureau set up an integrated transportation planning office which began the process of the planning for a rapid transit network for Chengdu.[7] By 1992, a proposal for the subway was sent to the National Planning Commission[8] and was subsequently rejected.[7] In 2004 before the approval of the National Development and Reform Commission Chengdu started reconstructing Tianfu Square with provisions for Tianfu Square station.[9] The first phase of Chengdu Metro, consisting of Lines 1 and 2, were approved by the NDRC on September 11, 2005.[10]

First Phase
  • Chengdu Metro's first subway line, Line 1, started construction on December 28, 2005.[11]
  • Construction of Line 2 began on 29 December 2007.[12]
  • On May 2009 the NDRC approved the addition of a western and eastern extension of Line 2, and the first phase of Lines 3 and 4 to be included into Phase 1.[13]
  • Line 1 opened on 27 September 2010.[4][14]
  • Construction of the first phase of Line 4 started construction on 22 July 2011.[15]
  • On April 25, 2012, Line 3 was approved by the Development and Reform Commission[16]
  • On January 16, 2012, the National Development and Reform Commission officially approved the southern extension of Line 1.[17]
  • On April 28, 2012, Line 3 started construction.[18]
  • On June 8, 2013, Line 2 West Extension to Xipu, and Ocean Park Station on Line 1 was opened. Ocean Park was then renamed to Jincheng Plaza.
  • On October 26, 2014, Line 2 East Extension to Longquanyi opened.
  • On July 25, 2015, Line 1 South Extension was opened.[19]
  • On December 10, 2015, Line 4 phase 1 was opened.
  • On July 31, 2016, Line 3 phase 1 was opened marking the completion of the first phase.

Second Phase
  • On May 2009, the NDRC approved the second phase of expansion for the Chengdu Metro consisting Line 1 Phase 3, Line 3 Phase 2 and 3, Line 4 Phase 2, Line 5 Phase 1 and 2, Line 6 Phase 1, Line 7, Line 10 Phase 1, and Line 18. In total Phase 2 consists of 183.3 km (113.9 mi) of subway.[20]
  • On June 4, 2014, Line 10 Phase 1 started construction.[21]
  • On August 2015, Line 5 Phase 1 started construction.[22]
  • On June 2, 2017, Line 4 phase 2 was opened.[23]
  • On September 6, 2017, Line 10 phase 1 was opened.[24]
  • On December 6, 2017, Line 7 was opened.[25]
  • On March 18, 2018, Line 1 phase 3 was opened.[26]
  • On December 26, 2018, Line 3 Phase 2 and 3 was opened.[27]
  • On December 27, 2019, Line 5 and Line 10 Phase 2 was opened.[3]

Third Phase
  • On July 11, 2016, the NDRC approved the third phase of expansion for the Chengdu Metro consisting of Line 6 phase 2 and 3, Line 8, Line 9, Line 10 Phase 2, Line 17 Phase 1 and Line 18.[28]
  • On December 31, 2016, Lines 8, 9 and the second phase of Line 10 started construction.[29]
  • On August 16, 2016, Line 18 started construction.[30]
  • On February 2017 (Chengdu Metro) Ltd (成都地铁有限责任公司) changed its name to Chengdu Rail Transit Group Co. Ltd (成都轨道交通集团有限公司).
  • On February 2017, Line 17 started construction.[31]

Fourth Phase
  • On June 17, 2019, the NDRC approved the fourth phase of expansion for the Chengdu Metro. It consists of Line 8 Phase 2, Line 10 Phase 3, Line 13 Phase 1, Line 17 Phase 2, Line 18 Phase 3, Line 19 Phase 2, Line 27 Phase 1, Line 30 Phase 1.[32] The Fourth Phase consists of 176.65 km (109.77 mi) of lines.[6]
  • On March 18, 2020 construction started on Line 8 Phase II, Line 19 Phase II, Line 27 Phase I, and Line 30 Phase I.[33]

Network

There are seven lines operated covering 302.66 km (188.1 mi)[3] with 222 stations.

Line Terminals
(District/County)		 Commencement Newest
Extension		 Length
km		 Stations
1 Weijianian
(Jinniu)		 Science City
(Shuangliu)		 2010 2018 40.99 35
Wugensong
(Shuangliu)
2 Xipu
(Pidu)		 Longquanyi
(Longquanyi)		 2012 2014 42.32 32
3 Chengdu Medical College
(Xindu)		 Shuangliu West Station
(Shuangliu)		 2016 2018 49.89 37
4 Wansheng
(Wenjiang)		 Xihe
(Longquanyi)		 2015 2017 43.28 30
5 Huagui Road
(Xindu)		 Huilong
(Tianfu)		 2019 49.02[34] 41
7
loop line		 Cuijiadian
(Chenghua)		 Cuijiadian
(Chenghua)		 2017 38.61 31
10 Taipingyuan
(Wuhou)		 Xinping
(Xinjin)		 2017 2019 37.972 16
Total 302.66[3] 222

Line 1
Main article: Line 1 (Chengdu Metro)
Shuangliu Airport 1 Terminal Station faregates

The first phase of Line 1 cost 7 billion yuan to construct.[35] A natural ventilation system has been used in the construction of the underground section of Line 1 on the subway system from Southern Third Ring Road to Chengdu New Exhibition and Convention Center. Square ventilation units are built every 30m along the subway top to allow fresh air from the ground enter the construction site underground. The method is used in subway construction in other countries as it cuts the construction cost and it saves energy. The subway system is the first in China to adopt such a ventilation system during construction. Chengdu Metro is planning to set up a section for subway fire control and introduce the latest fire fighting technologies and vehicles. Line 1's color is dark blue.[36]

The elevated Damianpu Station.

Line 2
Main article: Line 2 (Chengdu Metro)

Line 2 is a crosstown northwest-southeast trunk line. It serves the Chengdu East Railway Station. Line 2 began operation on 16 September 2012. Line 2's color is orange.[37]

Line 3
Main article: Line 3 (Chengdu Metro)

Line 3 is a crosstown northeast-southwest trunk line. It started operation on 31 July 2016. Line 3's color is magenta.

Line 4
Main article: Line 4 (Chengdu Metro)

Line 4 is a crosstown east-west trunk line, serving the Chengdu West Railway Station. It started operation on 26 December 2015. Line 4's color is green.

Line 5
Main article: Line 5 (Chengdu Metro)

Line 5 is a crosstown north-south trunk line. It started operation on 27 December 2019. Line 5's color is purple.

Line 7
Main article: Line 7 (Chengdu Metro)

Line 7 is a loop line which runs around downtown Chengdu. It started operation on 6 December 2017. Line 7's color is sky blue.

Line 10
Main article: Line 10 (Chengdu Metro)

Line 10 is a line serving Chengdu Shuangliu International Airport. It started operation on 6 September 2017. Line 10's color is blue.

Rolling stock and technology
The interior of a Line 7 train showing local ancient Sanxingdui culture.

All Chengdu Metro lines in operation run on 1,500 V DC supplied by overhead lines.[38][39][40] Trains on Lines 3, 4, 7, 10 and some of the newer Line 2 trains have a Golden Sun Bird insignia.

Type B

Lines 1, 2 , 3 and 4 of the Chengdu Metro use six car stainless steel Type B trains with a total length of 120 meters and width 2.8 meters. The capacity of each train set is 1,460 people with a crush load capacity of 1,880 passengers.[41] All trains have a maximum operating speed of 80 km/h. Lines 1 and 2 use CRRC Qingdao Sifang and CRRC Chengdu trains.[42] Trains on Line 3 and 4 are manufactured by CRRC Changchun Railway Vehicles and CRRC Chengdu.[43] In 2008, Chengdu Metro in anticipation of the opening of Line 1, purchased and initial order of 17 six car trains sets from CRRC Qingdao Sifang.[44] In April 2011, a further order was announced for trains from CRRC for Line 2, taking the total to 59 six car sets.[45]

Type A

In response to congestion and high ridership, Lines 7 and 10 are equipped with higher capacity six car aluminum alloy Type A trains. The total length of 140 meters and width is 3 meters. All trains have a maximum operating speed of 80 km/h. The capacity of a six car trainset is 1,828 passengers with a crush load capacity of 2,488 passengers. Line 7 trains are designed and managed by CRRC Qingdao Sifang with CRRC Chengdu performing manufacturing and assembly.[46] Lines 5 and 6 are equipped with even higher capacity eight car aluminum alloy Type A trains. The capacity of an eight car trainset is 2,480 passengers with a crush load capacity of 3,456 passengers.[47]

Network expansion

Lines under construction
Map of Chengdu Metro plan (2024)

It is expected that Chengdu will have built about 291 km (181 mi) of subway lines in 2020.[48] In 2017 the construction of the first phases of Lines 8, 9, 11, 17 and Line 10 (Phase 2) started, the length of subway under construction in Chengdu totaling 400 km (250 mi).[49]

Est. Opening Line # Phase # Termini Length (km) Stations Notes
June 202018Phase 1South Railway StationTianfu Railway Station41.27
Phase 2SanchaTerminal 1&2 of Tianfu International Airport25.634
July 20206Phase 1, 2Wangcong TempleGuandong46.8[50]38
Phase 3GuandongLanjiagou21.9718
October 202017[lower-alpha 1]Phase 1JinxingJitouqiao26.1459
December 20208Phase 1LianhuaShilidian29.1[52]22
9Phase 1Sanse RoadHuangtianba22.18[53]13

Other rail transport in Chengdu

Trams in Chengdu
Main article: zh:成都有轨电车蓉2号线

Chengdu Tram Line T2 opened to public on 26 December 2018 and extended on 27 December 2019. It is included in the Chengdu Metro's official map.

High-speed intercity rail in Chengdu

There are also two high-speed intercity railways in Chengdu, not part of Chengdu Metro system and not included in Chengdu Metro's official map: the Chengdu–Dujiangyan intercity railway and Chengdu–Pujiang intercity railway. They are operated by Chengdu Metropolitan Railway Company Limited, which is China's first joint venture between a local government and China's national rail operator. The city and the Ministry of Railways worked together in building high-speed intercity rail lines.[54]

Notes
  1. Including Phase 1 of Line 19.[51]

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