Tianjin Metro

The Tianjin Metro or Tianjin Rail Transit is the rapid transit system in the city of Tianjin, which was the second city, after Beijing, in mainland China to operate a subway system. Opened in 1984, the system has 6 operating lines and 159 stations spanning 233.2 km (144.9 mi).

Tianjin Metro
Overview
LocaleTianjin
Transit typeRapid transit
Number of lines6
Number of stations159
Daily ridership1.235 million (2018 Avg.)[1]
1.80 million (25 October 2019 peak)[2]
Annual ridership408.529 million (2018)[1]
Websitehttp://www.tjgdjt.com
Operation
Began operation28 December 1984 (1984-12-28) (original system)
12 June 2006 (2006-06-12) (new system)
Ended operation9 October 2001 (2001-10-09) (original system)
Operator(s)
  • Tianjin Rail Transit Group Corporation
    • Tianjin Metro General Corp. (Lines 1, 2, 3 and 6)
    • Tianjin Binhai Mass Transit Development Co., Ltd. (Lines 5 and 9)
Technical
System length233.2 km (144.9 mi)
Track gauge1,435 mm (4 ft 8 1⁄2 in) standard gauge
System map

Tianjin Metro
Simplified Chinese天津地铁
Traditional Chinese天津地鐵
Evolution of the Tianjin Metro
Metro sign at Yingkoudao station

The lines are jointly operated by two companies, namely the Tianjin Metro Group Co. Ltd and the Binhai Mass Transit Development Co. Ltd. The former operates Lines 1, 2, 3 and 6, while the latter operates Line 5 and Line 9. The two companies merged and regrouped as the Tianjin Rail Transit Group Co. (TRT) in 2017.

History

Tianjin, as an inland harbor of China, has long been a major commercial city. After the founding of the People's Republic in 1949, the number of vehicles on the roads significantly increased, causing pollution. To overcome these problems, the transport authority decided to close the old tram network and switch over to a rapid transit system.

However, due to cost, it was not until 1970 that construction of the system first took place. The first section, spanning 3.6 km (2.2 mi) of track and 4 stations (Xinhualu, Yingkoudao, Anshandao and Haiguangsi), was completed by February 1976. The second section, with an additional 1.6 km (0.99 mi) of track and the Xinanjiao and Erweilu stations, was completed by 1980. After construction resumed, the total length was 7.4 km (4.6 mi), with 8 stations, and service on the line began on 28 December 1984.

To reduce construction costs, the transport authority decided to use an abandoned canal bed to form part of the system, and did not dig deeply. By using the canal bed, the underground section is only 2–3 meters under the street surface, and was the world's shallowest metro. There were only 1,000 full-time construction workers at that time; the others were volunteers from factories, schools and institutions all over the city. The average number of volunteer workers exceeded 2,000 a day, which rendered the project unique in the world then. Construction was delayed in 1976 when an earthquake hit the city, but was resumed in 1979 and completed by 1984.

At the end of the 1990s, it was observed that the Metro system was quite out of date. The atmosphere of the stations was uninviting, difficult to navigate, and with few passenger amenities on the platforms. Trains were infrequent, sporadic and commonly delayed. The trains themselves were dilapidated, seat covers often torn off, and dim. Taking into consideration more modern, cleaner systems in East Asia, a massive reconstruction, modernization and expansion plan was laid out in 2000. In preparation, the system was closed on 1 September 2001, with renovation starting on 21 November. After purchasing new rolling stock, adding half-height platform screen doors and extending the line up to Shuanglin, the line re-opened on 6 December 2006 as Line 1, after trial testing that began on 12 June of that year.

During the renovation of the first line, other lines underwent construction. Line 9, operated by Binhai Mass Transit Development Co. Ltd, began construction in 2001 and its first section opened on 28 March 2004. Between 2004 and 2007, many new stations on the line opened successively. On 1 May 2011, the line was further extended westwards by 3 stations, bringing it to its current length of 52.8 km (32.8 mi). The Tram line in the system, the TEDA Modern Guided Rail Tram, was built to serve the Tianjin Economic Development Area and was opened on 10 May 2007. Line 2, after a lengthy construction delay and a structural accident, finally opened, as two separate sections, to the public on 1 July 2012, with the sections being reconnected on 28 August 2013. Line 3, another main north-south line, opened in October 2012.

Lines
Map of operational lines of Tianjin Metro. TEDA Modern Guided Rail Tram is not included in the map.
Line Terminals
(District)		 Commencement Newest
Extension		 Length
km		 Stations Operator
01 1  Donggulu
(Jinnan)		 Liuyuan
(Beichen)		 1984 2019 42.227 27
02 2  Caozhuang
(Xiqing)		 Binhaiguojijichang
(Dongli)		 2012 2014 27.157 20
03 3  Xiaodian
(Beichen)		 Nanzhan
(Xiqing)		 2012 2013 33.7 26
05 5  Beichenkejiyuanbei
(Beichen)		 Zhongyiyifuyuan
(Xiqing)		 2018 2019 34.8[3][4] 27
06 6  Nansunzhuang
(Dongli)		 Meilinlu
(Jinnan)		 2016 2018 42.6 38
09 9  Tianjinzhan
(Hebei)		 Donghailu
(Binhai)		 2004 2012 52.759 21
Metro lines total 233.2 159
TEDA TEDA  TEDA
(Binhai)		 North of College District
(Binhai)		 2007 — 7.860 14

Line 1
Main article: Line 1 (Tianjin Metro)

Line 1 is built upon the old surface-level line, and was opened in 2006. It is 42.227 km (26.2 mi) with 32 stations (currently 27 stations in operation). The old at-grade Shuanglin station was closed on 28 December 2016 and reopened as a new underground station on 3 December 2018. The old rolling stocks (DKZ9 Series) were replaced at the same time.

Line 2
Main article: Line 2 (Tianjin Metro)

Line 2 opened for trial operations on 1 July 2012. Due to a structural accident in Jianguodao Station, Line 2 was operated as two separate sections from July 2012 to 28 August 2013, when the affected station opened after being rebuilt. The line is 27.157 km (16.875 mi) long with 20 stations.

Line 3
Main article: Line 3 (Tianjin Metro)

The line, running southeast-northwest, opened on 1 October 2012. It is 33.7 km (20.9 mi) long with 26 stations. 20 km (12 mi) of track is underground, with 1.2 km (0.75 mi) at ground level and the rest on elevated viaducts. Of the 21 stations, one is elevated, one is at ground level and the other 19 are underground.

Line 5
Main article: Line 5 (Tianjin Metro)

The full line of Line 5 runs from Beichenkejiyuanbei to Liqizhuangnan with 28 stations. Currently, Line 5 runs from Beichenkejiyuanbei to Zhongyiyifuyuan, with 27 stations.

The full line is 34.8 km (21.6 mi)[3][4] long with 28 stations. Completion had been scheduled for 2012, but was rescheduled for late 2015 and opened on 22 October 2018. Line 5 and Line 6 forms a loop.

It is run by Tianjin Binhai Mass Transit Development Co., Ltd, which becomes a subsidiary of Tianjin Rail Transit Group Corporation since 2017.

Line 6
Main article: Line 6 (Tianjin Metro)

Line 6 runs from Nansunzhuang to Meilinlu with a total length of 42.6 km (26.5 mi). The second part of the Line 6 (Nancuiping to Meilinlu) opened on 26 April 2018. In the near future, Line 6 will expand 3 stations to the final terminus Nanmaji (or Poyangnanlu) station.

Line 9
Main article: Line 9 (Tianjin Metro)

Line 9 is an east-west line running just north of the Haihe River. It runs from Tianjin railway station to Donghai Road station. It was opened in 2004, spanning 52.8 km (32.8 mi) with 21 stations. The line provides interchange to the TEDA Tram line. Line 9 was suspended after damage from the August 2015 explosions, and resumed operation on 16 December from Tianjin Railway Station to Tianjin Pipe Corporation Station. Now, the damaged part has been reopened, along with two new stations: Zhuangguizhuang and Taihulu.

The line is operated by Tianjin Binhai Mass Transit Development Co., Ltd, which becomes a subsidiary of Tianjin Rail Transit Group Corporation since 2017.

TEDA Modern Guided Rail Tram
Main article: TEDA Modern Guided Rail Tram

The TEDA Tram is a tram line that runs between TEDA and North of College District stations, mainly serving the Tianjin Economic Development Area (TEDA). It opened on 10 May 2007 and is 7.86 km (4.88 mi) long.

It is run by Tianjin Binhai Mass Transit Development Co., Ltd, which becomes a subsidiary of Tianjin Rail Transit Group Corporation since 2017.

Rolling stock

There were older, box-type metro cars, built by Nippon Sharyo until the system was closed for reconstruction. After re-opening, 114 CNR Changchun Railway Vehicle Company Limited Rapid Train set Vehicle cars entered service & replaced the old ones. Unlike the old cars, the CNR cars contain air conditioning.

Fares
Entrance to Xinanjiao station

Tianjin Metro uses magnetic smartcards. The fare is distance-based and ranges between 2 and 5 Yuan.

One-way ticket

One-way tickets are available at automatic ticket machines, where passengers can purchase up to 9 tickets. The tickets are only effective in three hours from purchase. You can purchase it from the automatic ticket machine, and recycle it by simply inserting it into the turnstile when you leave the station.

Common Stored Value Ticket

Stored-value tickets can be repeatedly used for the regular subway passengers, the fare for each journey outbound passengers through the gates when the balance deducted from the stored-value tickets. Within one year of non-use of stored-value tickets as expired, outdated stored-value tickets available at the station free update procedures for handling customer service center. Common Stored Value Ticket holders to enjoy 10% off travel.

Student discount tickets and tickets for the elderly

All full-time students attending schools, technical secondary, craftsmen, and vocational schools with student ID issued by letter may purchase student tickets and enjoy a student discount.

Seniors between 60 and 69 years old with a "Tianjin old preference card" (green) can buy discounted senior tickets, seniors 70 years old and older, with a "Tianjin old preference card" (purple) may purchase specially discounted tickets.

Half-price tickets, and by sub-votes

On 8 December 2006 (Tianjin Metro) Line 1 ordered to launch half-price tickets, a free second ticket and group ticket three kinds of tickets.

Half-price ticket card prepaid value of 200 yuan, the sale price of 100 yuan, 10 yuan deposit required to pay extra for a total purchase price of 110 per issue. So doing half-price ticket fare can be enjoyed nine discount and eventually converted into 4.5 fold. Half-price tickets from the purchase date (including day of) 90 days, the use of force within the validity period can not be recharged, the amount within 90 days after the ticket automatically cleared, tickets void. When it expires, the undamaged coupon presents their deposit slip and a detailed description to any customer service center station, with a refundable deposit of 10 Yuan.

By sub-votes is divided into two kinds: first, the amount of 35 yuan ticket can take 20 times, pay extra 10 yuan deposit for a total purchase price of 45. The second vote the amount of 80 can take 50 times, pay extra 10 yuan deposit for a total purchase price of 90. By sub-vote from the date of purchase, valid for 30 days after expiry, the card automatically cleared by Ci. If all the x-use within the validity period has finished, you can vote again to take within the Result purchase the corresponding times, since the Result date, the purchase by meeting the entry into force is still valid for 30 days. As of 2007 December 30, by sub-votes will not accept refill, take the time to use the remaining card after the ticket void.

City Card

The City Card is a non-contact type IC card Transit card similar to the Yikatong card in Beijing. It is accepted in subway, light rail, bus, ferry and taxi transport. Since 28 December 2006, City Card has been accepted on the Metro Line 1. City Card holders can enjoy a discounted fare during transfers between modes. This is the most popular method for long distance traveling. Ferryboat and bus fares are not distance based.

Unlimited Ride
PeriodFare
1 day18
3 days40

Future Expansion

The "Tianjin Metro Phase 2 construction plan", which is approved by the NDRC, consists 513 km of lines total.[5]

Map of Tianjin Metro, including under construction lines. Updated in May 2019.

Lines under construction
Line Section Terminals Planned Opening Date Length
km		 Stations References
 4  Southern section Dongnanjiao Xinxingcun 2021[6] 19.4[7] 14 [6][7]
Northern section Xiaojie Hebeidajie 2024 22 17
 10  Phase 1 Yutai Yudongcheng 2021 21.18 21 [8]
 6  Phase 2 Meilinlu Lushuidao 2022 0.93 1
 8  Southern section Lushuidao Xianshuiguxi 2022 13.42 9
Phase 1 (Urban section) Lüshuigongyuan Lushuidao 2024 18.54 17 [9]
 11  Phase 1 Shuishanggongyuan Dongliliujinglu 2023 22.6 21 [10]
 Z4  North of Hai River section Hancailu Jinlindao 2023[11] 35 [8]
 B1  Northern section Xinjiayuandong Xinchengsi 2023[11] 22.5 [8]
 7  Phase 1 Saidabazhilu Yuguandao 2024 26.53 21 [10]

    Line 4
    Main article: Line 4 (Tianjin Metro)

    The southern section of Line 4 will be 19.4 km (12.1 mi)[7] long. The southern section of Line 4 is scheduled to open in 2021[6] from Dongnanjiao to Xinxingcun.

    Line 10

    The Phase 1 of Line 10 will be 21.18 km (13.16 mi) long with 21 stations. The Phase 1 of Line 10 is scheduled to open in 2021 from Yudongcheng to Yutai.[8]

    Line 11

    Line 11 will run from Shuishanggongyuan to Dongliliujinglu. It is 22.6 km long with 21 stations.[10][12]

    Line B1

    A 22.5 km (14.0 mi) long line strictly serving the urban core of Binhai connecting Binhai West railway station to the Yujiapu Financial District and Binhai railway station (formerly known as Yujiapu railway station).[8]

    Line Z4

    A 35 km (22 mi) long suburban metro line connecting the northern suburbs of Binhai to the Tianjin Economic-Technological Development Area and Yujiapu Financial District.[8]

    Line 7

    Line 7 started constrction in 2019 and will run from Yuguandao to Saidabazhilu. It is 26.53 km long with 21 stations and runs north south.[10] The line will use six car high capacity Type A trains.[13]

    See also

    References
    1. 2018年统计报告. China Rail Transit Association (中国城市轨道交通协会). 7 April 2019.
    2. 10.25全国地铁客流排行，天津再创新高 (in Chinese). 26 October 2019.
    3. "开始试乘体验 天津地铁5号线开通在即". 18 October 2018.
    4. "天津地铁5号线开通试运营". 22 October 2018.
    5. "明年地铁运营里程达300公里". 1 January 2019. 国家发改委已分两批批复我市近期轨道建设规划513公里
    6. "地铁4号线8号线计划开通时间公布". 16 October 2019.
    7. "最新 天津6条在建地铁进展来了！年内就有新站开通". Tianjin Radio. 25 October 2019.
    8. "天津加快地铁建设进度 这些地铁线都有新进展-新华网". www.tj.xinhuanet.com. 31 December 2018. Retrieved 16 January 2019.
    9. "地铁4号线北辰段、8号线一期开工-新华网". www.tj.xinhuanet.com. Retrieved 19 May 2020.
    10. "天津地铁7、11号线全面开工". 12 July 2019.
    11. "地铁B1线和Z4线最新消息！这些项目预计2023年可建成通车……". Binhai Announcement. 21 November 2019. Retrieved 23 November 2019.
    12. "天津地铁11号线一期21座站点公布". tj.people.com.cn. Retrieved 12 June 2020.
    13. "天津地铁7号线全面开工".
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