Bengali–Assamese languages

The Bengali–Assamese languages (or Assamese–Bengali languages) belong to the Eastern zone of Indo-Aryan languages. They are the following:

Bengali–Assamese
Gauda–Kamarupa
Geographic
distribution		Bangladesh, India, Myanmar, Nepal
Linguistic classificationIndo-European
Glottologgaud1237  (Gauda–Kamrupa)[1]
A map showing geographical distribution of the sub-branches of Bengali-Assamese languages.

Languages
Language Native name Script Alphabet Number of speakers (in millions) Native region
Assamese অসমীয়া
Oxomiya		 Bengali-Assamese script Assamese alphabet 15.3[2]  India (Assam)
Bengali বাংলা
Bangla		 Bengali-Assamese script Bengali alphabet 261.8[3]  Bangladesh (national and official)
 India (West Bengal, Jharkhand, Tripura, parts of Assam, Andaman and Nicobar islands)
Bishnupriya Manipuri বিষ্ণুপ্রিয়া মণিপুরী
Bișnupriya Monipuri		 Bengali-Assamese script 0.12[4]  India (Assam, Manipur and Tripura)
 Bangladesh (Sylhet Division)
Chakma 𑄌𑄋𑄴𑄟
চাকমা
Sangma		 Bengali-Assamese script
Chakma script		 0.32[5]  Bangladesh (Chittagong Division)
 India (Mizoram and Tripura)
 Myanmar (Rakhine State)
Chittagonian চাঁটগাঁইয়া
Čąŧgąiya		 Bengali-Assamese script Bengali alphabet 13[6]  Bangladesh (Chittagong Division)
 India (Tripura)  Myanmar (Rakhine State)
Hajong হাজং
Hazong		 Bengali-Assamese script
Latin script		 Assamese alphabet 0.06[7]  India (Assam and Meghalaya)
 Bangladesh (Mymensingh Division)
Kamatapuri/Rajbongshi কামতাপুরী
রাজবংশী
কোচ ৰাজবংশী
Kamatapuri
Rajbongši
Kʊch rajbongsi		 Bengali-Assamese script Bengali alphabet, Assamese alphabet 10.8[8]  Bangladesh (Rangpur Division)
 India (West Bengal and Assam)
   Nepal (Province No. 1)
Rohingya رُاَࣺينڠَ
Ruáingga		 Arabic script
Hanifi script
Latin script		 2.52[9]  Myanmar (Rakhine State)
 Bangladesh (Chittagong Division)
Sylheti ꠍꠤꠟꠐꠤ
ছিলটি
Siloŧi		 Bengali-Assamese script
Sylheti Nagari script		 11.8[10]  Bangladesh (Sylhet Division)
 India (Assam, Meghalaya, North Tripura)
Tanchangya 𑄖𑄧𑄐𑄴𑄌𑄧𑄁𑄉𑄴𑄡
তঞ্চংগ্যা
Toncongya		 Bengali-Assamese script
Chakma script		 0.02[11]  Bangladesh (Chittagong Hill Tracts)

Language comparison chart

* = borrowed terms (including tatsamas, ardhatatsamas and other borrowings)

English Assamese Bengali Chakma Chittagonian Hajong Kamata Rohingya Sylheti
beautiful dhunia, xundor* šundor* dol šundor* cúndor*, hásin* šundor*
big daṅor/daṅar, bor boṛo ḍoõr boro, daṅar boro, ákbor*, kobira* boṛo
blood tez, rokto* rôkto*, khun* lo lou lou, hún*, kún* lou, roxto*, khun*
bread ruti (flat), pau*ruti, luf*, bred* pão*ruṭi, ruṭi (flat) fó*ruti fiçá, luthi ruṭi (flat), luf*, bereḍ*
brother bhai (younger), kokai/kaka (elder), dada (elder)* bhai, dada, bhaiya* bái bhai bái bái, báiya*
cat mekuri, birali biṛal, beṛal bilai bilai mekur, bilai
dark andhar, endhar ãdhar, ondhokar* ãdár añdár, miyonda andáir
daughter zi, mai, zhia meye, beṭi zíi, maia fua beti futúni, zíi zi, fuṛi
day din, rüz*, bela din, bêla, roj*, dibôš* din din din din, ruz*
dog kukur kukur, kutta kuñr kutta
door duar*, dorza*, dar dôrja*, duar* duar* duar* duar* dorza*, doroza*, duar*
earth bhũi, p(r)ithiwi/p(r)ithibi*, dunia* duniya*, prithibi*, dhora* dunia* duniyai* dunuai*
egg koni, dima ḍim, anḍa, boida* boda* boza*, ḍim ḍima andha, dhim ḍim, enḍa, boida*
elephant hati hati áti hati áñti, háñtih átti
eye soku, sokhu, noyon* chokh, chokkhu*, ankhi, noyon* sóg suk souk, soku, noyon*
father deuta*, bap, büpai/bapa, baba*, aba/abba/abu/abbu* abba*, baba*, baap, abbu* baf, ba abbá* abba*, baf, baba*, abbu*, bazi
fear bhoy, dor bhôy, ḍor ḍor ḍor ḍor
finger aṅuli aṅgul, onguli* oul ouñl aṅguil
fire zui, aguni*, ogni* agun*, ogni* ain* ooin* aguin*
fish mas machh mas mas mas mas
food khüabostu*, ahar*, khayddo*, khaüni, khana* khabar, khana* hána hána, háñna xani
god bhogowan*, issôr*, deu, khüda* khoda*, ishshôr*, uporwala*, bhogoban* khúda* ila*, rob*, ixor* rob*, xuda*
good bhal bhalo bala, gom bhala bhal gom bála
grass ghah, kher (hay) ghaš, khôṛ (hay) kher ghaṣ kérr ga, gaš
hand hat hat át hat árt át
hand fan bisoni hat-pakha bisoin, bisein bisoin, faxa
head mur, matha, math matha, shir* mata matá mata
heart (emotion) hia, ontor*, koliza/koilza, hidoy* hridôy*, pran*, ôntor*, hiya, dil*, kolob* dil*, fôran* dil* dil*, ontor*, kolob*
heart (organ) dil, amothu hritpindo* dil* dil*
horse ghüra ghoṛa gúṛa gúñra, gúra guṛa
house ghor ghôr, baṛi, basha, khana gor gor, bari gór, bari, basha, khana
hunger bhük kkhudha*, kkhida*, bhukh bukh búk buk, feṭo(r) buk
language bhaxa*, mat (call), kotha*, raw bhaša*, buli hodá* baša* raw, bhaṣa* zoban*, hodá* basha*, zoban*, mat, buli
laughter hahi haši aši haṣi aši
life ziwon/zibon, ziu (soul), zindegi*, hayat* jibôn, zindegi* zibon zibon zibon, zindegi*, hayat*
moon zün, san(d), sond(r)o* chãd, chondro* sãn san san san(d)
mother ma, ai, mai, ammi/amma* ma, amma*, ammu*, mata* ma maö, ai ma, amma*, mai, ai, ammu*
mouth mukh* mukh* mukh* muk* muk
name nam, naü nam nam nam
night rati, nixa*, ratri* rat, ratri*, shob* rait rati rait rait, raitri*, shob*
peace xanti*, xokah shanti* šanti* ṣanti* shanti*, salamot
place thai, zega/zaga*, than jayga*, ṭhai, sthan* ṭai, zaega* zega*, zaga*
queen rani rani rani rani rani rani
rest zironi, aram* aram*, bishrom* dom* aram*
river noi, gaṅ, nodi* nôdi*, doriya* hál ɡaṅg, nodi*, doria*
road bat, ali, rasta*, poth* rasta*, shoṛok rasta*, ail, fot*
salt nimokh*, lün, nun lobon*, nun, nimok* nun, lôbôn* nun, lobon*, nimox*
sister bhoni (younger), ba/bai (elder) bon, didi, apa, apu, api boin bóin, afa, afai, afu, api, didimoni
small xoru chhoṭo gura huru, suṭo
son put, pü, putro/putto* chhele, putro*, put fua beṭa fut fut, fua
soul ziu, atma* ãtta*, pran*, ruh* foran*, ru* ru(h), atta*
sun beli, xuruz*, xuydzo* shurjo* beil, šuroz* beil shuruz*, shurzo*
ten doh, dos* dosh doš doṣ dosh
three tini tin tin tin
village gaü gram*, gã gãu gau, geram*
waist kokal, kakal komor* keĩl keñil xomor*, xaxal
water pani pani, jol fani pani pani, zol faní fani
when ketia, ketiyake kôkhon, kobe hótte könbela kunbela, xobe, kunshomoe*
wind botah/batah, hawa* batash, hawa* ába*, bataš batash
wolf kukurnesia bagh, xial (jackal, fox) nekṛe-bagh, sheyal/shiyal (jackal, fox) neṛi kutta hial (jackal, fox)
woman maiki manuh, tiri*, tirüta, mohila* mohila*, nari* mai fua beṭi saöa beṭi, moíla*
year bosor, son* bochhor, shal*, borsho* bosor bosor bosor, shal*
yes hoy, o, ü̃, mm hễ, ji* ô, ôy óe, i, zi* óe
no nohoy, nai, ühü, na na, nai, nay, noy, nei, non nô, nôy na, nai, nay
yesterday kali, züa-kali (goto*-)kal(-ke) goto* hail, goto* halia (gese-)xail(-ku), (goto*-)xail(-ku)
English Assamese Bengali Chakma Chittagonian Hajong Kamata Rohingya Sylheti

* = borrowed terms (including tatsamas, ardhatatsamas and other borrowings)

Verbs
English Assamese Sylheti Bengali Chakma Chittagonian Kamata Rohingya Hajong
ask xudh-, xudhpus kor- (investigate) zika- jiggaśa kor-, puchh-, jiggesh kor- pũs ɡor-
bite kamur-, kamür mar- xamṛa-, xamor mar- kamoṛ mar- hõr-
blow phu de-, phuk-, phu kor- fu de- phu de-
breathe uxah lo- dom lo- šãš ne-, dom ne-
bring an- an- an-, en- an-
can par- far- par-, per-
catch dhor- dór- dhor-
come ah- a- aś-, eś- a- a- ah-
count gon-, hisap kor-, gonti kor- gon-, hiśab xor- gon-, hišab kor-
cry kand-, kan- xand- kãd- hãd-
cut kat- xaṭ- kaṭ-, keṭ-
do kor- xor- kor- gor- ɡor-
die mor-, dhuka- mor- mor- mor-
dig khand- xor-, xus- khõṛ-, khõc-
drink kha-, pi kha-, pi- xa- kha-, pan kor-
eat kha- xa- kha-, khe- há-
fall por- foṛ- poṛ-
fear bhoy kha-, dora- ḍora- bhoy pa-, ḍora-
fight zũz-, maramari/moramori kor- mara-mari xor-, zogra xor- maramari kor-
float üpoṅ-, bhah- bo- bhaša-
flow bo- bo- bo-
fly ur- uṛ- uṛ- ur- ur-
give de-, di- de-, di- de-, di-
go za-, ɡo-/ge- za-, ɡo-, ɡe- ja-, ɡi- za-, zo- za-, zo-
happen ho- ó- ho- ó-
hear xun- hun- śun- un-
hit mar-, pit-, kila- mar-, kila- mar-
kill mar-, mari pela- mar-, mari fala- mar-, mer-
know zan- zan- jan-
laugh hah- aś- haś-, heś- aś-
learn xik-, xikh- hik- śekh-, śikh- hik-
lie (in bed) baɡor-, kati ho-, bisonat/bisnat por- xait xor-
live thak-, zi(ai) thak-, tik-, basi thak- tax-, zinda ro-, basi tax- thak-, jibito thak- thah-
look sa- sa- dekh- sa-
open khul- kúl- khol- uid-, khúl-
play khel- xél- khel-
pull tan- ṭan- ṭan-, ṭen-
push thel- ṭel- ṭhel-
read porh/poh/por- foṛ- poṛ- foṛ-
run dour-, daur- douṛ- douṛ- dũr-
say ko-, mat-, bul- xo-, mat- bol-, ko- ho- ho-
scratch ãsür- xawza- ãcoṛ de-
see dekh- dex- dekh- sa-
sew xi-, sila-, bo- (weave) śila- śela-
sing ɡa-, gan ga- gan ɡa- ɡa-, ɡe-
sit boh- bo- boś- bo-
sleep xu-, ɡhuma-, tüponi za/mar- hut-, ɡúma- ɡhuma-, śu- ɡhum za-
smell xuṅ- huṅ(ɡ)- śũkh- ũ-
spit thu pela-, pik-, pik pela- tu fala- thu phel-
split phal- bang- bhag kor-
squeeze sep-, hẽs- sif- cap, piṛon
stand thio ho-, thia- uba- dãṛa- thio- tía-
stab khũs-, han-
suck suh-, sup-, xüh-
swell
swim xatũr- hatra- śatar kor-
think bhab-, sinta kor-, sint- bab-, sinta xor- bhab-
throw dolia- iṭa mar-
tie bandh- band- bãdh-, bẽdh-
vomit bomi kor- bomi xor-
walk khüz karh-, bul- aṭ- hãṭ-, hẽṭ- ãd-
want lag-, bisar- laɡ-, sa- ca- sa-
wash dhu- dó- dhö- dú-
wipe mos-, müs- fus-, mus-
English Assamese Sylheti Bengali Chakma Chittagonian Kamata Rohingya Hajong

References
  1. Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Gauda–Kamrupa". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
  2. "Assamese". Ethnologue. Retrieved 12 March 2018.
  3. "Bengali". Ethnologue. Retrieved 12 March 2018.
  4. "Bishnupuriya". Ethnologue. Retrieved 12 March 2018.
  5. "Chakma". Ethnologue. Retrieved 12 March 2018.
  6. "Chittagonian". Ethnologue. Retrieved 12 March 2018.
  7. "Hajong". Ethnologue. Retrieved 12 March 2018.
  8. "Rangpuri". Ethnologue. Retrieved 12 March 2018.
  9. "Rohingya". Ethnologue. Retrieved 12 March 2018.
  10. "Sylheti". Ethnologue. Retrieved 12 March 2018.
  11. "Tangchangya". Ethnologue. Retrieved 12 March 2018.
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