Mandeali dialect

Mandeali is a Himachali dialect spoken in northern India, predominantly in the Mandi district of Himachal Pradesh by the people of the Mandi Valley and particularly in the major city of Mandi. Other spellings for the name are Mandiyali and Mandiali. UNESCO reports it is one of the highly endangered languages of India.[3] Speakers of the dialect have decreased by 21% from 1961 to 2001.

Mandeali
Native toIndia
RegionHimachal Pradesh
Devanagari
Takri (historical)
Language codes
ISO 639-3Variously:
mjl – Mandeali
kfs – Bilaspuri
cdh – Chambeali
cdj – Churahi
gbk – Gaddi (Bharmauri)
bht – Bhattiyali
bhd – Bhadrawahi
pgg – Pangwali
Glottologmand1409  Mandeali[1]
cham1331  Chambealic[2]

Language is closely related to Kangri dialect, which is spoken widely in the district. The Chambealic varieties are often considered separate languages, but at least some are 90–95% intelligible with Mandeali proper.[4].

Dialects

Preliminary survey suggests speakers have functional intelligibility of Kangri. People in southeast Mandi district may have more difficulty understanding Kangri. Standard Mandeali is spoken throughout the broad valley running north and south from Jogindernagar to Sundarnagar. Mandeali Pahari is spoken north around Barot, east of Uhl River. Intelligible with difficulty to standard Mandeali. May be intermediate variety between Mandeali and Kullui. Southeast district contains transition to Mahasui. In the west, Sarkaghat is also a bit different from standard Mandeali, perhaps forming a transition towards Hamirpur and Bilaspur areas. Lexical similarity: 89% with Palampuri dialect of Kangri, 83% with Chambeali.[5]

References
  1. Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Mandeali". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
  2. Hammarström, Harald; Forkel, Robert; Haspelmath, Martin, eds. (2017). "Chamealic [sic]". Glottolog 3.0. Jena, Germany: Max Planck Institute for the Science of Human History.
  3. "UNESCO Atlas of the World's Languages in danger". Unesco.org. Retrieved 25 August 2012.
  4. Mandeali dialect at Ethnologue (18th ed., 2015)
  5. http://www.ethnologue.com/language/mjl
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