1864 in Canada

• June 29 – St-Hilaire train disaster : A train of newly arrived immigrants fails to stop at the open swing span near Beloeil, Canada East. The Grand Trunk Railway train runs into the Richelieu River, killing 99.
• June 30 – Macdonald-Cartier "Great Coalition" government formed.
• July 18 – North-South negotiations begin at Niagara Falls, New York
• September 1 – September 9: Charlottetown Conference, noted as the first step towards Confederation[1]
• September 19 – Confederate agents use Canada as base for attempt to free Confederate prisoners of war on Johnson's Island in Lake Erie.
• October 10 – October 27: Quebec Conference,[2] identified 72 resolutions for the British North America Act, 1867
• October 19 – St. Albans Raid.[3]

William Howard Hearst

• February 15[4] – William Howard Hearst, politician and 7th Premier of Ontario (died 1941)
• March 31 – J. J. Kelso,[5] journalist and social activist (died 1935)
• July 27 – Ernest Howard Armstrong, journalist, politician and Premier of Manitoba (died 1946)
• October 3 – William Robson, politician (died 1941)
• October 8 – Ozias Leduc,[6] painter (died 1955)
• November 9 – James Alexander Murray, politician and Premier of New Brunswick (died 1960)
• November 24[7] – John Wesley Brien, physician and politician (died 1949)
• December 14 – Henry Edgarton Allen, politician

• February 20 – Rose Fortune,[8] entrepreneur (born 1774)
• February 26 – Louis-Hippolyte Lafontaine, politician (born 1807)
• April 29 – Abraham Pineo Gesner, physician and surgeon, geologist, and inventor (born 1797)

Report from a Confederate agent in Canada (including failed breakout at Johnson's Island POW camp) [9]

Brief account of Confederate agents' raid on St. Albans, Vermont [10]

Consequences in the U.S.A. follow the freeing of the St. Albans raiders by a Canadian court [11]

Canadian in the Union Army describes a desperate Confederate assault [12]

Intelligence reports that Greek fire is being manufactured at Windsor, Ontario for burning Buffalo, Cleveland, Detroit and other U.S. cities [13]

Halifax sends a message of support to President Lincoln [14]

Speaker in Montreal argues the U.S.A. is not hostile toward Canada [15]

Excerpts from George Brown's letter describing the Charlottetown Conference [16]

Good prospects for the port of Collingwood, Canada West [17]