1775 in Canada

Incumbents

Governors

Events
  • April 19 – The American War of Independence begins, at Concord and Lexington, Massachusetts.
  • May 1 – A bust of George III is found, in Montreal, adorned with beads, cross, and mitre, with the words "Pope of Canada: Sot of England." A reward of 500 guineas does not lead to apprehension of the culprit.
  • May 10 – Ethan Allen takes Fort Ticonderoga.
  • June 9 – Martial law is proclaimed in Canada.
  • August 21 – Generals Schuyler and Richard Montgomery, with 1,000 Americans come to Canada, and invite the inhabitants to rebel.
  • September 17 – Montgomery besieges St. Johns.
  • September 25 – Attempting to take Montreal, Ethan Allen and many of his 150 followers are captured, at Longue Pointe, and are sent to England.
  • October 18 – The Americans capture Chambly.
  • October 25 – On Benedict Arnold's expedition to Quebec from New England, his force begins crossing the height of land between Maine and Canada for the descent to the St. Lawrence River.
  • November 3 – Hindered by Colonel Warner, of Vermont, Governor Guy Carleton cannot relieve St. Johns, which surrenders to Montgomery.
  • November 12 – General Montgomery tells Montrealers that, being defenceless, they cannot stipulate terms; but promises to respect personal rights. He demands the keys of public stores, and appoints 9 a.m. tomorrow for the army's entrance, by the Recollet gate. (see "Nov 12, 1775 Articles of Capitulation" in Historical Documents, below)
  • November 13 – The invaders appropriate royal stores.
  • December 31 – At the Battle of Quebec, British forces repulsed an attack by the Continental Army to capture Quebec City and enlist French Canadian support.
  • Having captured Montreal, American troops fail to take Quebec City or elicit local support, and withdraw within a year.

Historical Documents

Continental Congress letter to Canadians, May 26, 1775 (two sources)[1]

Gen. Richard Montgomery letter re Chambly capitulation, officers and stores captured, etc. (two sources; note: "St. John's" is Saint-Jean-sur-Richelieu)[2]

Gen. Montgomery letter re St.-Jean surrender and capitulation terms, stores captured, etc.[3]

Col. Benedict Arnold's bedraggled regiment arrives at Quebec City from Maine, November 8, 1775[4]

Defenceless Montreal citizens' capitulation terms rejected by Gen. Montgomery[5]

Births

Deaths

References
  1. "Letter to the oppressed inhabitants of Canada," Journals of Continental Congress, Volume II, pages 68–70 (May 29, 1775). Accessed 8 October 2017 https://en.wikisource.org/wiki/Letter_to_the_oppressed_inhabitants_of_Canada and "Philadelphia, June 14. In Congress, May 26, 1775. To the Oppressed Inhabitants of Canada," The New-England Chronicle: or, The Essex Gazette, Volume VII, Number 361 (June 22–29, 1775), pg. 2, The Coming of the American Revolution 1764–1776, Massachusetts Historical Society. Accessed 8 October 2017. http://www.masshist.org/revolution/image-viewer.php?item_id=956&img_step=1&tpc=&mode=transcript&tpc=#page1
  2. Richard Montgomery and Continental Congress Broadside Collection, "Extract of a letter from General Montgomery, dated camp before St. John's, October 20, 1775" (Philadelphia, 1775), Documents from the Continental Congress and the Constitutional Convention, 1774–1789, Library of Congress. Accessed 8 October 2017 http://memory.loc.gov/cgi-bin/query/r?ammem/bds:@field(FLD001+90898003+) and "Extract of a Letter from General Montgomery, dated Camp before St. John's, October 20, 1775" Accessed 8 October 2017 http://www.canadahistory.com/sections/documents/usrelations/letterstjohns.htm
  3. "Extract of a Letter from Gen. Montgomery, dated Camp near St. John's, Nov. 3, 1775" Accessed 8 October 2017 http://www.canadahistory.com/sections/documents/usrelations/letterstjohnsii.htm
  4. Abner Stocking, An interesting journal of Abner Stocking of Chatham, Connecticut (Catskill, N.Y.: Eagle Office, 1810; reprint, N.Y.: W. Abbatt, 1921), pgs. 149-50. Accessed 8 October 2017 https://iiif.lib.harvard.edu/manifests/view/drs:2581271$22i
  5. "Nov 12, 1775 Articles of Capitulation" Accessed 8 October 2017 http://www.canadahistory.com/sections/documents/usrelations/capitulationmontreal.htm
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