WSMV-TV

WSMV-TV
Nashville, Tennessee
United States
Branding News 4
Cozi TV 4.3 (on DT3)
Slogan Working 4 You
Slip away (on DT2)
The Easiest Decision You'll Make All Day (on DT3)
Channels Digital: 10 (VHF)
Virtual: 4 (PSIP)
Subchannels 4.1 NBC
4.2 Escape
4.3 Cozi TV
Affiliations NBC (Secondary through 1956)
Owner Meredith Corporation
First air date September 30, 1950 (1950-09-30)
Call letters' meaning We Shield Millions (V for "Vision" added to differentiate from WSM radio)
Former callsigns WSM-TV (1950–1981)
Former channel number(s) Analog:
4 (VHF, 1950–2009)
Former affiliations All secondary:
ABC (1950–1953)
CBS (1950–1954)
DuMont (1950–1956)
DT2:
Telemundo (2006–2010)
TNN (2012–2013)
Heartland (2013–2016)
Transmitter power 60 kW
Height 413 m (1,355 ft)
Facility ID 41232
Transmitter coordinates 36°08′28″N 86°51′44″W / 36.1412°N 86.8623°W / 36.1412; -86.8623 36°08′28″N 86°51′57″W / 36.1410°N 86.8657°W / 36.1410; -86.8657
Licensing authority FCC
Public license information: Profile
CDBS
Website www.wsmv.com

WSMV-TV, virtual channel 4 (VHF digital channel 10), is an NBC-affiliated television station licensed to Nashville, Tennessee, United States. The station is owned by the Meredith Corporation. WSMV's studios and transmitter are located on Knob Road in west Nashville.

History

Early years

WSMV first signed on the air as WSM-TV on September 30, 1950, at 1:10 p.m. It was Nashville's first television station and the second in Tennessee, behind fellow NBC affiliate WMCT (now WMC-TV, then also on channel 4) in Memphis. As a result of the WSM-TV sign-on, WMCT was forced to switch to channel 5 to avoid co-channel interference. WSM-TV was owned by WSM, Inc., a subsidiary of the locally based National Life and Accident Insurance Company, which also owned WSM radio (650 AM and 95.5 FM); the AM station is renowned for broadcasts of the country music show The Grand Ole Opry, which has been heard on the station since 1925. The station took its call letters from its parent's slogan, "We Shield Millions."

The television station has been an NBC affiliate from its sign-on, although it also carried some programming from CBS, DuMont, and ABC. Its secondary affiliation with ABC ended in 1953, when WSIX-TV (channel 8, now WKRN-TV on channel 2) signed on as a primary ABC affiliate. WSM-TV shared CBS programming with WSIX-TV for a year until WLAC-TV (channel 5, now WTVF) signed on in 1954 as the market's new primary CBS affiliate, leaving WSIX-TV with ABC. During the first few years of operation, AT&T would not run telephone lines for WSM-TV to receive network programming until there was another TV station in town. This problem was solved by the station running a private microwave relay transmission from fellow NBC affiliate WAVE-TV in Louisville, Kentucky.

Growth into the 1960s and 1970s

WSM-TV's studios were originally located at 15th Avenue South and Compton Avenue in south Nashville, near the present Belmont University. In 1957, the station attempted to a build a larger tower in west Nashville, near Charlotte Avenue. During the construction process, the new tower's supporting wires failed. This caused the tower to collapse, which took the lives of several people. Afterward, WSM-TV purchased its present property on Knob Road (farther west of the previous site) and built a tower there in a forested section away from potential damage to life and property.

WSM-TV shared its broadcast facilities with noncommercial station WDCN-TV (channel 2, now WNPT on channel 8) beginning in 1962. In 1963, National Life and Accident Insurance built new studios for WSM-AM-FM-TV adjacent to the transmission tower on Knob Road. This left WDCN-TV as the sole occupant of the south Nashville building, where that station remained until 1976. In 1974, NL&AI reorganized itself as a holding company, NLT Corporation, with the WSM stations as a major subsidiary.

The WSM stations' close ties to Nashville's country music business has meant that the Knob Road facility and/or its personnel was, from time to time, used for the recording of network and syndicated programs featuring Nashville-based performers. This was especially the case during the 1960s and 1970s. Most if not all of these shows were packaged by Show Biz, Inc., headquartered in Nashville and a subsidiary of Holiday Inn. Show Biz, Inc. produced The Porter Wagoner Show, That Nashville Music, The Bill Anderson Show, Dolly! and several other programs seen throughout the U.S., especially on stations in the Southern and rural Midwestern U.S. The company dissolved in the late 1970s when its president, Jane Grams, became vice president and general manager of WTVC-TV in Chattanooga, Tennessee. However, the Show Biz programs were seen on some stations well into the early 1980s.

Ownership changes

Beginning in 1980, Houston-based insurer American General began purchasing blocks of NLT stock, eventually becoming NLT's largest shareholder and setting the stage for an outright takeover. However, American General, who had divested themselves of the WLAC stations a few years earlier, was not interested in NLT's non-insurance businesses and opted to sell off the WSM division, which included the broadcasting interests, the Grand Ole Opry, the then-decrepit Ryman Auditorium, and Opryland USA. Gillett Broadcasting (operated by George N. Gillett Jr.) bought WSM-TV on November 3, 1981 and changed the station's callsign to WSMV that day (officially modified to WSMV-TV on July 15, 1982[1]), in order to trade on the well-known WSM identity while at the same time separating it from its former radio sisters (the change was brought on due to an FCC rule in place at that time forbidding TV and radio stations in the same city but with different owners from sharing the same call letters; later, the television and radio stations would engage in news department cross-promotions).

Gaylord Entertainment Company purchased the remainder of WSM, Inc. nearly two years later, in 1983. Soon afterward, the radio stations moved out of the Knob Road facility into new studios on the Opryland Hotel campus.

WSMV-TV was later sold on June 8, 1989, to Cook Inlet Television Partners, an Alaska-based company which was a subsidiary of Cook Inlet Region, Inc., an Alaska Native Regional Corporation.[2]

Meredith Corporation ownership

Cook Inlet sold WSMV on January 5, 1995 to the Meredith Corporation.[3] WSMV was not part of the affiliation deal between several Meredith stations and CBS (however, two other Meredith stations, then-independent KPHO-TV in Phoenix and then-NBC affiliate WNEM-TV in Bay City, Michigan, were) because the purchase was announced more than one month after the affiliation deal had been finalized. As a result, WSMV became the only NBC affiliate in Meredith's present-day station group.

In early 2006, WSMV attracted some attention by becoming the largest NBC affiliate in terms of market size to refuse to carry the controversial NBC show The Book of Daniel on its schedule, after the premiere episode. This action, along with that of several smaller affiliates in the Midwest and South, prompted NBC to cancel the series after only three episodes.

In early March 2009, it was announced that WSMV's master control operations would be hubbed at Meredith-owned sister station WGCL-TV in Atlanta. The new hub operation launched in summer 2009.

On September 8, 2015, Media General announced that it would acquire Meredith for $2.4 billion, with the combined group to be renamed Meredith Media General. Because Media General owned WKRN-TV, and the two stations rank among the four highest-rated stations in the Nashville market in total day viewership, the companies would have been required to sell either WSMV-TV or WKRN to comply with FCC ownership rules as well as recent changes to those rules regarding same-market television stations that restrict sharing agreements.[4][5][6] On January 27, 2016, Nexstar Broadcasting Group announced that it had reached an agreement to acquire Media General. This resulted in the termination of the acquisition of Meredith by Media General.[7]

Past staff and programs

The station's former staff include Pat Sajak (announcer and weekend weatherman from 1974 to 1977), Robin Roberts (sports anchor and reporter from 1986 to 1988), John Tesh (news anchor from 1975 to 1976), John Seigenthaler Jr. (weekend anchor in the late 1980s) and Huell Howser (features reporter in the 1970s).

Ralph Emery, the longtime country music disc jockey on WSM radio for many years, hosted morning (and at times, afternoon) shows on channel 4 from the mid-1960s until 1993; for much of that time, The Ralph Emery Show was the highest-rated locally produced early morning shows on American television. Although the show included regular news briefs, its main focus was on general entertainment, including a heavy emphasis on live country music performed in studio. It featured acts by prominent country stars like Tex Ritter and current star Lorrie Morgan; also, the studio band consisted of top-notch Music Row session musicians. Emery would achieve widespread fame by hosting a national version of the show, entitled Nashville Now, weeknights on The Nashville Network from 1983 to 1993. Upon Emery's retirement, WSMV briefly produced a local version of NBC's Today to serve as a lead-in to the national show. As Nashville Today failed to live up to expectations, WSMV finally programmed full-scale newscasts in early mornings, becoming the last of the three major Nashville stations to do so.

Larry Munson, WSM-TV's sports director from 1956 to 1967 and later known as the play-by-play announcer for radio broadcasts of Georgia Bulldogs football (and, for a time, the NFL's Atlanta Falcons), created and hosted a long-running hunting and fishing show called The Rod & Gun Club. Paul Eells replaced Munson as sports director in 1967. Like his predecessor, Eells served as the voice of the Vanderbilt Commodores football team during his time at WSM. Eells left to become the sports director at KATV in Little Rock, Arkansas in 1978. There, he also served as radio play-by-play announcer for the Arkansas Razorbacks for 28 years until his death in 2006. Munson died in 2011.

Dan Miller was co-anchor of the main evening newscasts for nearly 40 years, except from August 1986 to March 1995. During this period, Miller spent time in Los Angeles as a news anchor at KCBS-TV, and as sidekick to friend and former WSM-TV colleague Pat Sajak on his short-lived CBS late-night talk show The Pat Sajak Show. Miller returned to WSMV in 1992 to host 5 O'Clock with Dan Miller, which ran from 1992 to 1993. Miller returned to anchoring duties for the evening newscasts in March 1995, and continued until his sudden death in 2009.[8]

In 1974, Bill Hall joined the staff as a weather reporter. He briefly worked as a weekend news anchor in 1976 before moving into his role leading the weather team in 1977. His unique style and personality made him one of Middle Tennessee's most well known local television personalities. He punctuated his weather discussions with comments about gardening, cooking, and hunting and fishing. During his channel 4 career, Hall also hosted Land and Lakes, an outdoors show focusing on local hunting and fishing adventures. Hall retired in 2005, and later died on December 23, 2011.[9][10][11]

In the mid-1980s, WSMV dropped the Tonight Show to air sitcom reruns such as Three's Company, Barney Miller, and Family Ties. NBC was able to get the show on in Nashville on then-independent station (now Fox affiliate) WZTV (channel 17).

From 1987 until March 2002, WSMV-TV was the Nashville home to syndicated Southeastern Conference football and men's basketball games originating from Jefferson Pilot Sports, but sharing some broadcasts with WXMT (channel 30, now MyNetworkTV affiliate WUXP).[12][13][14] Those games moved to WUXP in 2002, and stayed with that station until 2009, when Raycom Sports lost the syndication rights to ESPN Plus. WUXP carried ESPN Plus-oriented SEC TV until 2014, when the SEC Network was launched.

On July 17, 2017, WSMV changed their newscast branding from Channel 4 News to News 4. In January 2018, the station's news graphics and music were updated.

Longtime anchor Demetria Kalodimos was let go after her contract expired at the end of 2017.

Programming

In addition to the NBC network schedule, syndicated programs on WSMV include The Dr. Oz Show, Access (plus its live counterpart), and Who Wants to Be a Millionaire, among others.[15]

Sports programming

Since 2006, channel 4 airs any Sunday Night Football games that involve the market's NFL team, the Tennessee Titans. The station also airs Nashville Predators games via NBC's broadcast contract with the NHL.

Digital television

Digital channels

The station's digital signal is multiplexed:

Channel Video Aspect PSIP Short Name Programming[16]
4.11080i16:9WSMV-HDMain WSMV-TV programming / NBC
4.2480iWSMV-SDEscape
4.3WSMV-SD2Cozi TV

WSMV-DT2

WSMV previously carried the NBC-owned Spanish-language network Telemundo on its second digital subchannel,[17] since the Nashville market lacked a standalone Telemundo affiliate of its own. The subchannel debuted in the summer of 2006, and was discontinued on December 31, 2010. This move left the Nashville area with TeleFutura (Now UniMás) affiliate WLLC-LP (channel 42) as its only Spanish-language outlet.

Originally, WSMV management had indicated that programming on WSMV-DT2 would not be replaced, and that the subchannel's spectrum would be used for purposes other than over-the-air broadcasting. However, on October 29, 2012, it was announced that the new incarnation of The Nashville Network (now known as Heartland) would affiliate with WSMV-DT2, upon the network's November 1, 2012 relaunch (WSMV's former sister radio station WSM was one of the founders of the original TNN in 1983 as a cable channel).[18]

On November 1, 2016, WSMV's contract with Luken Communications to carry Heartland expired, and Heartland was replaced by Escape. Escape can also be seen on Charter Communications cable channel 180, and Comcast cable channel 230.

WSMV-DT3

On March 23, 2015, the Web site TVNewsCheck.com reported that eight stations owned by Meredith Corp. had reached an agreement to add Cozi-TV to multicast channels.[19] Included in the list of stations was WSMV. The Web site Rabbitears.info indicates that WSMV is broadcasting Cozi-TV on subchannel 4-3.[20] The 4-3 subchannel started broadcasting on May 28, 2015.

Mobile DTV channel

Channel PSIP Short Name Programming
4.10WSMV-HDMobile DTV simulcast of 4.1

Analog-to-digital conversion

WSMV-TV shut down its analog signal, over VHF channel 4, on June 12, 2009, the official date in which full-power television stations in the United States transitioned from analog to digital broadcasts under federal mandate. The station's digital signal remained on its pre-transition VHF channel 10.[21][22] Through the use of PSIP, digital television receivers display the station's virtual channel as its former VHF analog channel 4.

News operation

WSMV-TV broadcasts 40½ hours of locally produced newscasts each week (with 6½ hours on weekdays and four hours each Saturdays and Sundays); in regards to the number of hours devoted to news programming, it is the highest local newscast output among all broadcast television stations in the Nashville market.

Beginning in the mid-1970s, WSM-TV developed a strong news division that, in the 1980s, won numerous regional and national awards (Peabody Awards among them) for in-depth and investigative reporting. Mike Kettenring was the news director for much of that period. For most of the last two decades, WSMV has been a solid runner-up to WTVF in the Nashville ratings. Generally speaking, the station takes a softer approach to news than WTVF. The reverse was true in the 1980s, as WSMV earned awards for hard-hitting investigative stories, while WTVF took a more cautious approach. While WTVF usually leads the way in the city of Nashville itself, WSMV generally leads in Nashville's more conservative suburbs, as well as outlying rural parts of the market, many of whose residents recall readily the station's past association with WSM-AM. In recent years, however, ABC affiliate WKRN has steadily increased their ratings, particularly in the evening and late newscasts. In the November 2017 sweeps, WKRN passed WSMV as runner-up in the 5 p.m. and 6 p.m. newscasts, and tied WSMV for second place in the 10 p.m. newscast.[23]

On March 5, 1973, the Vanderbilt Television News Archive recorded off the air of WSM-TV a special broadcast of Today aimed toward veterans of the Vietnam War returning home to the U.S.[24] Two months later, on May 1, another broadcast of Today was recorded concerning the Watergate scandal.[25] On both of these broadcasts, Pat Sajak, who had recently joined the WSM radio and TV staff, anchored the five-minute cut-in local newscasts. As it was not the general policy of the Archive to record special programs such as these or local Nashville programming, these probably represent the only known broadcasts of WSM-TV news before 1980 or so available for public viewing, prior to the widespread popularity of video cassette recorders in the late 1970s. The only other ones were local cut-ins to NBC coverage of national elections. Because of the equipment at the time, though, the broadcasts were recorded in black and white. The Archive, prior to the advent of satellite technology in the 1980s, taped all NBC News broadcasts from the airwaves of WSM(V).

In September 1973, WSM-TV decided to fill the 6:30–7 p.m. time slot opened up by the Prime Time Access Rule in 1971 by expanding its 6 p.m. newscast to one hour. This has proven so successful that to this day WSMV programs a newscast from 6 to 7 p.m. (although it is now broken up into two 30-minute segments). Upon the success of the expanded 6 p.m. newscast on channel 4 (and after years of low-rated syndicated offerings in the 6:30 slot), WTVF followed suit in 1989 by expanding its 6 p.m. newscast to one hour. WSMV and WTVF are among the few stations in the Central Time Zone to run newscasts at 6:30 (stations elsewhere have attempted it since the 1970s with varying degrees of success). WKRN is the only traditional network affiliate in the Nashville market to run only a half-hour of news at 6 p.m., with Wheel of Fortune (hosted by former WSM personality Pat Sajak) airing at 6:30.

During the May sweeps period that began on April 26, 2007, WSMV debuted its own news helicopter known as Air 4, becoming the second station in Nashville to do so (WTVF's news helicopter Sky 5 debuted a year earlier, in 2006). On September 15, 2008, beginning with the 5:00 p.m. newscast, WSMV became the second television station in Nashville (after WTVF) to begin broadcasting its local newscasts in high definition.

On May 26, 2011, WSMV debuted an hour-long 4 p.m. newscast, serving as a replacement for The Oprah Winfrey Show, which ended its 25-year run the day before; this came on the heels of the expansion of other non-news local programming such as More at Midday and Better Nashville, indicating a decreased reliance on syndicated programming.[26] On January 25, 2014, WSMV was the first station to expand its weekend morning newscast to 5:00 a.m. in the Nashville TV market.[27]

In the early 1980s, WSMV introduced the Snowbird character, a scarf- and earmuff-wearing anthropomorphic penguin, as a brand for its weather-related school closing reports. Snowbird appears on-air in both animated and puppet form. Snowbird reports are shown on the station primarily in the winter, but the branding is also used for unexpected school closings caused by other natural events, not necessarily limited to snow and ice. Due to the character's popularity, Snowbird serves as a year-round mascot for the station, with a six-foot-tall costumed version making appearances at community events and station promotions. The station has also engaged in giving away Snowbird-themed apparel and tchotchkes as prizes during sweeps promotions. The Snowbird character has since been licensed to television stations in other markets, including WMC-TV in Memphis, WRCB in Chattanooga, WBOY-TV in Clarksburg, West Virginia, and WTOV-TV in Steubenville, Ohio.

Rudy Kalis began anchoring the morning newscasts in 2014 after working in the sports department for 40 years. He was the second sportscaster in Nashville to move to anchoring the morning news in the past year.[28] He retired in November 2017, after 43 years with channel 4.[29]

Notable former on-air staff

Out-of-market coverage

South-central Kentucky

For its first 60 years on the air, WSMV was the default NBC affiliate for the Bowling Green media market in south-central Kentucky. It had a decades long monopoly in providing NBC programming for that area from its September 1950 inception until March 27, 2001, when WKNT (now WNKY channel 40) in Bowling Green was forced to dropped its Fox network affiliation due to violation of the terms in their affiliation agreement. Immediately after losing Fox, WNKY signed up with NBC. The station remains on Mediacom cable systems serving the Morgantown (Butler County) and Brownsville (Edmonson County) areas.[30] Even after WNKY switched to NBC in 2001, the Glasgow Electric Plant Board did not drop WSMV and its associated subchannels from their lineup until late 2017 when WNKY claimed market exclusivity on that system in terms of NBC and CBS affiliates.[31]

Mediacom also carries WSMV on its systems in Hart and Metcalfe Counties (including Munfordville and Edmonton, respectively) [32]

Western Kentucky

In addition to the stations cable coverage in south central Kentucky, WSMV-TV, and the other two "big three" stations are also carried in Murray, Kentucky, in the Paducah, KY/Cape Girardeau, MO/Harrisburg, IL media market, via Murray Electric Systems. WK&T Cable also carries both WSMV and WTVF on its cable lineup for its customers in Calloway County customers under the Flite label.[33] WSMV, along with WTVF, are also available to Mediacom’s customers in Caldwell and Crittenden Counties, respectively including the communities of Princeton and Marion, along with the town of Fredonia. All of those areas are also within the Paducah/Cape Girardeau market, which is the home market to fellow NBC affiliate WPSD-TV.

WSMV was also previously available in some southern areas of the Evansville, Indiana media market, mainly including northwestern Kentucky towns such as Madisonville, Central City, Beaver Dam, and Owensboro and their corresponding counties. The Owensboro Messenger-Inquirer still lists WSMV on their TV listings page. Cable systems in those areas have since dropped the station making Evansville NBC affiliate WFIE the sole NBC affiliate on cable and over-the-air in those areas.

Western Tennessee

WSMV, along with WMC-TV in Memphis, was historically carried on cable systems in the Jackson, Tennessee market on EPlus Broadband Cable by the Jackson Energy Authority. In November 2014, WSMV was dropped from that cable system when WNBJ-LD signed on as that area's own NBC affiliate.[34][35] WNBJ replaced WSMV on JEA channel 4, with WMC-TV being left intact. In spite of the existence of WNBJ-LD in Jackson, WSMV remains on WK&T Telecom's cable system in Gibson County, in the northernmost area of the Jackson market.[36] WSMV is also still available on cable in Carroll County as well.

Huntsville/Northern Alabama

WSMV, along with WTVF and WKRN, are also available in Fayetteville, in Lincoln County, the only Middle Tennessee county that is actually in the Huntsville, Alabama media market.[37] At sometime from 1957 until the 1980s, cable systems in northern Alabama, including Knology (now Wide Open West) and TelePrompter (later Group W cable, now Comcast), once carried all of Nashville's Big three stations, only to be dropped due to the increase of new cable channels launching during the 1980s and early 1990s.[38] The Nashville stations were once seen as far south as Decatur.

References

  1. ↑ "WSMV-TV Call Sign History". Federal Communications Commission. Retrieved August 19, 2014.
  2. ↑ The Media Business; WSMV-TV Is to Be Sold, The New York Times, February 10, 1989.
  3. ↑ Company News; Meredith to Acquire TV Station from Cook Inlet, The New York Times, August 20, 1994.
  4. ↑ "Media General Acquiring Meredith For 2.4 Billion". TVNewsCheck. NewsCheck Media. September 8, 2015.
  5. ↑ Cynthia Littleton (September 8, 2015). "TV Station Mega Merger: Media General Sets $2.4 Billion Acquisition of Meredith Corp". Variety. Penske Media Corporation. Retrieved September 9, 2015.
  6. ↑ "Media General, Meredith To Combine To Create Meredith Media General: A New Powerful Multiplatform And Diversified Media Company" (Press release). Meredith Corporation. PR Newswire. September 8, 2015.
  7. ↑ Picker, Leslie (January 27, 2016). "Nexstar Clinches Deal to Acquire Media General". The New York Times. The New York Times Company. Retrieved January 27, 2016.
  8. ↑ WSMV notice of Dan Miller's death Archived 2009-07-03 at the Wayback Machine.
  9. ↑ "Resolution No. RS2006-1126". Council of the Metropolitan Government of Nashville and Davidson County. January 9, 2006. Retrieved May 20, 2011.
  10. ↑ Duke, Jan (November 29, 2005). "Nashville's Favorite Weatherman, Bill Hall is Retiring From Channel 4 this Week". About.com Nashville. Retrieved May 20, 2011.
  11. ↑ "Bill Hall hangs up his weather hat". Nashville City Paper. November 30, 2005. Retrieved May 20, 2011.
  12. ↑ Raycom Sports - Company History - SECslick.pdf Raycom Sports. Retrieved December 4, 2014.
  13. ↑ JPSports.com - SEC - Affiliate List. Archived from the Original on March 11, 2000. Retrieved March 7, 2015.
  14. ↑ Jefferson Pilot Sports - SEC TV Schedule. Archived from the Original on January 5, 1997. Retrieved March 5, 2015.
  15. ↑ “WSMVDT (WSMV-DT) TV Listings, TV Shows, and Schedule – Zap2It”
  16. ↑ RabbitEars TV Query for WSMV
  17. ↑ http://www.wsmv.com/tvlistings/index.html
  18. ↑ PR Web press release: "Nashville's WSMV Named Flagship Affiliate For The Nashville Network", October 29, 2012.
  19. ↑ http://www.tvnewscheck.com/article/83934/cozi-tv-diginet-adds-eight-stations
  20. ↑ http://www.rabbitears.info/market.php?request=print_station&facility_id=41232
  21. ↑ "DTV Tentative Channel Designations for the First and Second Rounds" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on August 29, 2013. Retrieved March 24, 2012.
  22. ↑ "DTV Transition Status Report". FCC.gov. February 4, 2008. Retrieved July 1, 2008.
  23. ↑ Cavendish, Steve (February 1, 2018). "Anchor Down: How WSMV Walked Away From Demetria". Nashville Scene. 36 (52). Retrieved February 1, 2018.
  24. ↑ "NBC Special (Re: Vietnam War POWs Release)". Today. March 5, 1973 – via Vanderbilt Television News Archive.
  25. ↑ "NBC Special (Re: Watergate)". Today. May 1, 1973 – via Vanderbilt Television News Archive.
  26. ↑ "Channel 4 News at 4:00 Starts Thursday". WSMV. May 2011. Archived from the original on May 26, 2011.
  27. ↑ Knox, Merrill (January 15, 2014). "WSMV Expands Weekend Morning Newscasts". TVSpy. Retrieved February 1, 2018.
  28. ↑ Organ, Mike (November 25, 2014). "Rudy Kalis leaves sports for morning news at Channel 4". The Tennessean. Retrieved September 18, 2016.
  29. ↑ http://www.wsmv.com/story/36958675/rudy-kalis-retires-after-43-years-at-wsmv
  30. ↑ Mediacom Cable - Channel Lineup: Morgantown, Brownsville, Butler Co. & Edmonson Co., KY
  31. ↑ Glasgow EPB Cable Channel Lineup. Glasgow Electric Plant Board. Archived from the http://www.glasgow-ky.com/cable_lineup.pdf original] January 11, 2016. Retrieved February 1, 2018.
  32. ↑ Mediacom Cable - Channel Lineup: Munfordville, Bonnieville, and Hart Co., KY
  33. ↑ WK&T Telecom - Flite Cable Channel Lineup for Calloway County, Kentucky
  34. ↑ https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iFQlmsKPFnk
  35. ↑ Thomas, David (October 1, 2014). “NBC affiliate WNBJ channel 39 Arrives in Jackson”. The Jackson Sun. Retrieved June 12, 2015.
  36. ↑ WK&T Telecom - Flite Cable Channel Lineup for Gibson County, Tennessee
  37. ↑ Fayetteville Public Utilities - Cable TV Channel Lineup
  38. ↑ Huntsville Rewound - The History of Huntsville AL Television Archived 2009-11-15 at the Wayback Machine.
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