Ussuri River

Ussuri River
Chinese name
Traditional Chinese	烏蘇里江
Simplified Chinese	乌苏里江
Transcriptions Standard Mandarin Hanyu Pinyin Wūsūlǐ Jiāng IPA [ú.sú.lì tɕjáŋ]
Manchu name
Manchu script	ᡠᠰᡠᡵᡳ ᡠᠯᠠ
Romanization	usuri ula
Russian name
Russian	река Уссури
Romanization	reka Ussuri

The Ussuri River or Wusuli River (Russian: река Уссури; Chinese: 乌苏里江; pinyin: Wūsūlǐ Jiāng), runs through Khabarovsk and Primorsky Krais, Russia, and the southeast region of Northeast China. It rises in the Sikhote-Alin mountain range, flowing north and forming part of the Sino-Russian border (which is based on the Sino-Russian Convention of Peking of 1860) until it joins the Amur River as a tributary to it at Khabarovsk (48°26′N 134°59′E / 48.433°N 134.983°E / 48.433; 134.983). It is approximately 897 kilometers (557 mi) long. The Ussuri River drains the Ussuri basin, which covers 193,000 square kilometers (75,000 sq mi). Its waters come from rain (60%), snow (30–35%) and subterranean springs. The average discharge is 1,150 cubic metres per second (41,000 cu ft/s) and the average elevation is 1,682 metres (5,518 ft).

Names

The Ussuri River near Gornye Klyuchi

The Ussuri has been known by many names. In Manchu it was called the Ussuri Ula or Dobi Bira (River of Foxes), and in Mongolian the Üssüri Müren.^[1]

History

• The Ussuri River has a reputation for catastrophic floods. It freezes up in November and stays under the ice until April. The river teems with different kinds of fish: grayling, sturgeon, humpback salmon (gorbusha), chum salmon (keta) and others.
• During World War II, the river marked one of the boundaries which Soviet forces crossed into Manchuria in Operation August Storm in 1945.
• The Sino-Soviet border conflict of 1969 took place at the Soviet Damansky Island on the Ussuri River.

Tributaries

Major tributaries of the Ussuri River are:

• Muling River (left)
• Naoli River (left)
• Songacha River (left)
• Arsenyevka River (left)
• Bikin River (right)
• Khor River (right)
• Bolshaya Ussurka River (right)

See also

• Ussuri brown bear
• Ussurian tiger

References

Sources

• Narangoa, Li (2014). Historical Atlas of Northeast Asia, 1590-2010: Korea, Manchuria, Mongolia, Eastern Siberia. New York: Columbia University Press. ISBN 9780231160704.

External links

• Ussuri River at Encyclopædia Britannica
• Article containing a detail map[dead link as of 18 March, 2017]
• http://www.unu.edu/unupress/unupbooks/80349e/80349E10.GIF