United States Senate elections, 1926

United States Senate elections, 1926

November 2, 1926[1]
1925 (Special)

32 of the 96 seats in the United States Senate
49 seats needed for a majority

  Majority party Minority party
 
Leader Charles Curtis Joseph Robinson
Party Republican Democratic
Leader since November 9, 1924 December 3, 1923
Leader's seat Kansas Arkansas
Seats before 56 39
Seats after 50 45
Seat change Decrease 6 Increase 6
Seats up 25 7
Races won 19 13

  Third party
 
Party Farmer–Labor
Last election 1 seat
Seats before 1
Seats after 1
Seat change Steady
Seats up 0
Races won 0

Results including special elections
     Democratic gains      Republican gains
     Democratic holds      Republican holds

Majority Leader before election

Charles Curtis
Republican

Elected Majority Leader

Charles Curtis
Republican

The United States Senate elections of 1926 were elections for the United States Senate that occurred in the middle of Republican President Calvin Coolidge's second term. The Republican majority was reduced by six seats.

Gains and losses

Six Republican incumbents lost re-election to Democrats:

  1. Arizona: Republican incumbent Ralph H. Cameron lost to Democrat Carl Hayden.
  2. Kentucky: Republican incumbent Richard P. Ernst lost to Democrat Alben W. Barkley.
  3. Maryland: Republican incumbent Ovington E. Weller lost to Democrat Millard E. Tydings.
  4. Missouri: Republican interim appointee George H. Williams lost to Democrat Harry B. Hawes both to finish the term and to the next term.
  5. New York: Republican incumbent James W. Wadsworth, Jr. lost to Democrat Robert F. Wagner.
  6. Oklahoma: Republican incumbent John W. Harreld lost to Democrat Elmer Thomas.

An additional Democratic seat was gained in a special election:

  1. Massachusetts: Republican interim appointee William M. Butler lost to Democrat David I. Walsh.

Five Republican incumbents lost renomination, but their seats were held by Republicans:

  1. Colorado: Republican incumbent Rice W. Means lost renomination to Republican challenger Charles W. Waterman, who then won the general election.
  2. Illinois: Republican incumbent William B. McKinley lost renomination to Republican challenger Republican challenger Frank L. Smith, who then won the general election.
  3. Oregon: Republican incumbent Robert N. Stanfield lost renomination to Republican challenger Frederick Steiwer, who then won the general election.
  4. Pennsylvania: Republican incumbent George W. Pepper lost renomination to Republican challenger William S. Vare, who then won the general election.
  5. Wisconsin: Republican incumbent Irvine L. Lenroot lost renomination to Republican challenger John J. Blaine, who then won the general election.

No Democratic incumbents lost re-election or renomination. The only change in a Democratic seat was in Alabama, where Democrat Oscar Underwood retired and was replaced by Democrat Hugo L. Black.

No third party candidates won these elections. The sole third party incumbent (from the Farmer–Labor Party) was not up for election this year.

Results summary

All 32 Class 3 Senators were up for election in 1926; Class 3 consisted of 7 Democrats and 25 Republicans. Of the Senators not up for election, 32 Senators were Democrats, 31 Senators were Republicans and one Senator was a Farmer–Labor.

Parties Total
Democratic Republican Farmer–Labor Other
Before these elections 39 56 1 96
Not up 32 31 1 64
Class 1 (19221928) 21 10 1 32
Class 2 (19241930) 11 21 33
Up 7 29 0 36
Class 3 (1920→1926) 7 25 0 32
Special: All classes 0 4 0 4
General election
Incumbent retired 1 1 2
Held by same party 1 1 2
Replaced by other party 0 0 0
Result 1 1 2
Incumbent ran 6 24 30
Won re-election 6 13 19
Lost re-election Decrease 6 Republicans replaced by Increase 6 Democrats 6
Lost renomination
but held by same party
0 5 5
Result 12 19 31
Total elected 13 20 33
Net gain/loss Increase 6 Decrease 6 Steady Steady Steady
Nationwide vote ? ? ? ? ?
Share ? ? ? ? 100%
Result 45 50 1 96

Change in Senate composition

Before the elections

At the beginning of 1926.

  D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8
D18 D17 D16 D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9
D19 D20 D21 D22 D23 D24 D25 D26 D27 D28
D38
Ran
D37
Ran
D36
Ran
D35
Ran
D34
Ran
D33
Ran
D32 D31 D30 D29
D39
Retired
FL1 R56
Retired
R55
Ran
R54
Ran
R53
Ran
R52
Ran
R51
Ran
R50
Ran
R49
Ran
Majority →
R39
Ran
R40
Ran
R41
Ran
R42
Ran
R43
Ran
R44
Ran
R45
Ran
R46
Ran
R47
Ran
R48
Ran
R38
Ran
R37
Ran
R36
Ran
R35
Ran
R34
Ran
R33
Ran
R32
Ran
R31 R30 R29
R19 R20 R21 R22 R23 R24 R25 R26 R27 R28
R18 R17 R16 R15 R14 R13 R12 R11 R10 R9
R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8

After the general elections

  D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8
D18 D17 D16 D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9
D19 D20 D21 D22 D23 D24 D25 D26 D27 D28
D38
Re-elected
D37
Re-elected
D36
Re-elected
D35
Re-elected
D34
Re-elected
D33
Re-elected
D32 D31 D30 D29
D39
Hold
D40
Gain
D41
Gain
D42
Gain
D43
Gain
D44
Gain
D45
Gain
FL1 R50
Ran
R49
Hold
Majority →
R39
Re-elected
R40
Re-elected
R41
Re-elected
R42
Re-elected
R43
Re-elected
R44
Re-elected
R45
Hold
R46
Hold
R47
Hold
R48
Hold
R38
Re-elected
R37
Re-elected
R36
Re-elected
R35
Re-elected
R34
Re-elected
R33
Re-elected
R32
Re-elected
R31 R30 R29
R19 R20 R21 R22 R23 R24 R25 R26 R27 R28
R18 R17 R16 R15 R14 R13 R12 R11 R10 R9
R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8

After the November special elections

  D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8
D18 D17 D16 D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9
D19 D20 D21 D22 D23 D24 D25 D26 D27 D28
D38 D37 D36 D35 D34 D33 D32 D31 D30 D29
D39 D40 D41 D42 D43 D44 D45
Gain, like general
D46
Gain
FL1 R49
Hold, like general election
Majority →
R39 R40 R41 R42 R43 R44 R45 R46 R47 R48
R38 R37 R36 R35 R34 R33 R32 R31
Appointee elected
R30 R29
R19 R20 R21 R22 R23 R24 R25 R26 R27 R28
R18 R17 R16 R15 R14 R13 R12 R11 R10 R9
R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8

At the beginning of the next Congress

  D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 D8
D18 D17 D16 D15 D14 D13 D12 D11 D10 D9
D19 D20 D21 D22 D23 D24 D25 D26 D27 D28
D38 D37 D36 D35 D34 D33 D32 D31 D30 D29
D39 D40 D41 D42 D43 D44 D45 D46 D47
Challenged election
FL1
Plurality → R48
R39 R40 R41 R42 R43 R44 R45 R46 R47
R38 R37 R36 R35 R34 R33 R32 R31 R30 R29
R19 R20 R21 R22 R23 R24 R25 R26 R27 R28
R18 R17 R16 R15 R14 R13 R12 R11 R10 R9
R1 R2 R3 R4 R5 R6 R7 R8
Key:
D# Democratic
FL# Farmer–Labor
R# Republican

Race summaries

Special elections during the 69th Congress

In these special elections, the winners were seated during 1926 or before March 4, 1927; ordered by election date.

State Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party Electoral history
North Dakota
(Class 3)
Gerald Nye Republican 1926 (Appointed) Interim appointee elected June 30, 1926.
Winner was also elected to the next term, see below.
Gerald Nye (Republican)
[Data unknown/missing.]
Maine
(Class 2)
Bert M. Fernald Republican 1916 (Special)
1918
1924
Incumbent died August 23, 1926.
New senator elected September 13, 1926.
Republican hold.
Arthur J. Gould (Republican) 71.8%
Fulton J. Redman (Democratic) 28.2%
Iowa
(Class 3)
David W. Stewart Republican 1926 (Appointed) Interim appointee elected November 2, 1926.
Winner did not seek election to the next term, see below.
David W. Stewart (Republican)
Unopposed
Indiana
(Class 1)
Arthur Raymond Robinson Republican 1925 (Appointed) Interim appointee elected November 2, 1926. Arthur Raymond Robinson (Republican) 50.6%
Evans Woollen (Democratic) 48.4%
Albert Stanley (Prohibitionist) 0.5%
William O. Fogleson (Socialist) 0.5%
Massachusetts
(Class 1)
William M. Butler Republican 1924 (Appointed) Interim appointee lost election.
New senator elected November 2, 1926.
Democratic gain.
David I. Walsh (Democratic) 52.0%
William M. Butler (Republican) 46.5%
Missouri
(Class 3)
George H. Williams Republican 1925 (Appointed) Interim appointee lost election.
New senator elected November 2, 1926.
Democratic gain.
Winner also elected to the next term, see below.
Harry B. Hawes (Democratic) 52.1%
George H. Williams (Republican) 47.9%

Elections leading to the 70th Congress

In these general elections, the winners were elected for the term beginning March 4, 1927; ordered by state.

All of the elections involved the Class 3 seats.

State Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party Electoral history
Alabama Oscar Underwood Democratic 1914
1920
Incumbent retired.
New senator elected.
Democratic hold.
Hugo L. Black (Democratic) 80.9%
E. H. Dryer (Republican) 19.1%
Arizona Ralph H. Cameron Republican 1920 Incumbent lost re-election.
New senator elected.
Democratic gain.
Carl Hayden (Democratic) 58.3%
Ralph H. Cameron (Republican) 41.7%
Arkansas Thaddeus H. Caraway Democratic 1920 Incumbent re-elected. Thaddeus H. Caraway (Democratic) 82.8%
R. A. Jones (Republican) 17.2%
California Samuel M. Shortridge Republican 1920 Incumbent re-elected. Samuel M. Shortridge (Republican) 63.1%
John B. Elliott (Democratic) 36.9%
Colorado Rice W. Means Republican 1924 (Special) Incumbent lost renomination.
New senator elected.
Republican hold.
Charles W. Waterman (Republican) 50.3%
William E. Sweet (Democratic) 46.4%
Connecticut Hiram Bingham III Republican 1924 (Special) Incumbent re-elected. Hiram Bingham III (Republican) 63.3%
Rollin U. Tyler (Democratic) 35.6%
Florida Duncan U. Fletcher Democratic 1908
1914
1920
Incumbent re-elected. Duncan U. Fletcher (Democratic) 77.9%
John M. Lindsay (Independent) 12.8%
Georgia Walter F. George Democratic 1922 (Special) Incumbent re-elected. Walter F. George (Democratic)
Unopposed
Idaho Frank R. Gooding Republican 1920 Incumbent re-elected. Frank R. Gooding (Republican) 45.4%
H. F. Samuels (Progressive) 29.6%
John F. Nugent (Democratic) 25.0%
Illinois William B. McKinley Republican 1920 Incumbent lost renomination, then died.
New senator elected.
Winner appointed to finish term, but was not seated for either appointment or for next term.[2]
Republican hold, although the Senate did not consider the winner to be a Senator.
Frank L. Smith (Republican) 46.9%
George E. Brennan (Democratic) 43.1%
Hugh S. Magill (Independent) 8.7%
Indiana James E. Watson Republican 1916 (Special)
1920
Incumbent re-elected. James E. Watson (Republican) 50.0%
Albert Stump (Democratic) 48.9%
William H. Harris (Prohibitionist) 0.5%
Forrest Wallace (Socialist) 0.5%
Iowa David W. Stewart Republican 1926 (Appointed) Interim appointee retired.
New senator elected.
Republican hold.
Winner did not run to finish the term, see above.
Smith W. Brookhart (Republican) 56.6%
Claude R. Porter (Democratic) 43.4%
Kansas Charles Curtis Republican 1914
1920
Incumbent re-elected. Charles Curtis (Republican), 63.6%
Charles Stephens (Democratic) 34.7%
M.L. Phillips (Socialist) 1.7%
Kentucky Richard P. Ernst Republican 1920 Incumbent lost re-election.
New senator elected.
Democratic gain.
Alben W. Barkley (Democratic) 51.8%
Richard P. Ernst (Republican) 48.2%
Louisiana Edwin S. Broussard Democratic 1920 Incumbent re-elected. Edwin S. Broussard (Democratic)
Unopposed
Maryland Ovington E. Weller Republican 1920 Incumbent lost re-election.
New senator elected.
Democratic gain.
Millard E. Tydings (Democratic) 57.5%
Ovington E. Weller (Republican) 41.4%
William A. Toole (Socialist) 1.1%
Missouri George H. Williams Republican 1925 (Appointed) Incumbent appointee lost election.
New senator elected.
Democratic gain.
Winner also elected to finish the current term, see above.
Harry B. Hawes (Democratic) 51.3%
George H. Williams (Republican) 47.7%
Nevada Tasker L. Oddie Republican 1920 Incumbent re-elected. Tasker L. Oddie (Republican), 55.8%
Raymond T. Baker (Democratic) 42.5%
New Hampshire George H. Moses Republican 1918 (Special)
1920
Incumbent re-elected. George H. Moses (Republican), 62.3%
Robert C. Murchie (Democratic) 37.7%
New York James Wadsworth Republican 1914
1920
Incumbent lost re-election.
New senator elected.
Democratic gain.
Robert F. Wagner (Democratic) 46.5%
James Wadsworth (Republican) 42.4%
Franklin W. Cristman (Indep. Republican) 8.2%
North Carolina Lee S. Overman Democratic 1903
1909
1914
1920
Incumbent re-elected. Lee S. Overman (Democratic), 60.5%
Johnson J. Hayes (Republican) 39.5%
North Dakota Gerald P. Nye Republican 1925 (Appointed)
1926 (Special)
Incumbent re-elected. Gerald P. Nye (Republican), 69.6%
Norris H. Nelson (Independent) 12.2%
F. F. Burchard (Democratic) 8.7%
C. P. Stone (Independent) 6.3%
Ohio Frank B. Willis Republican 1920 Incumbent re-elected. Frank B. Willis (Republican), 53.2%
Atlee Pomerene (Democratic) 46.6%
Oklahoma John W. Harreld Republican 1920 Incumbent lost re-election.
New senator elected.
Democratic gain.
Elmer Thomas (Democratic) 54.8%
John W. Harreld (Republican) 44.7%
Oregon Robert N. Stanfield Republican 1920 Incumbent lost renomination, then ran as an Independent but lost re-election.
New senator elected.
Republican hold.
Frederick Steiwer (Republican) 39.8%
Bert E. Haney (Democratic) 36.3%
Robert N. Stanfield (Independent) 22.5%
Pennsylvania George W. Pepper Republican 1922 (Appointed)
1922 (Special)
Incumbent lost renomination.
New senator elected.
Senate refused to qualify winner due to charges of corruption and fraud concerning the election.
Republican hold, but the Senate would later unseat the winner and declare the seat vacant.
William S. Vare (Republican) 54.6%
William B. Wilson (Democratic) 43.1%
South Carolina Ellison D. Smith Democratic 1908
1914
1920
Incumbent re-elected. Ellison D. Smith (Democratic)
Unopposed
South Dakota Peter Norbeck Republican 1920 Incumbent re-elected. Peter Norbeck (Republican), 59.5%
C. J. Gunderson (Democratic) 33.3%
Howard Platt (Independent) 7.2%
Utah Reed Smoot Republican 1903
1909
1914
1920
Incumbent re-elected. Reed Smoot (Republican), 61.5%
Ashby Snow (Democratic) 37.6%
Vermont Porter H. Dale Republican 1923 (Special) Incumbent re-elected. Porter H. Dale (Republican), 73.4%
James E. Kennedy (Democratic) 26.5%
Washington Wesley L. Jones Republican 1908
1914
1920
Incumbent re-elected. Wesley L. Jones (Republican), 51.3%
A. Scott Bullitt (Democratic) 46.5%
Wisconsin Irvine L. Lenroot Republican 1920 Incumbent lost renomination.
New senator elected.
Republican hold.
John J. Blaine (Republican) 55.0%
Charles D. Rosa (Independent) 20.3%
Thomas M. Kearney (Democratic) 12.2%
Leo Krzycki (Socialist) 5.7%

See also

References

  1. There were also special elections in June, September, and November 1926.
  2. Frank L. Smith defeated William B. McKinley for the 1926 Republican nomination in Illinois and won the subsequent general election. McKinley died shortly before the end of his term, so Smith was appointed to replace him. When Smith presented his credentials to serve the remainder of McKinely's term, the Senate refused to seat him based on what it saw as an election rife with fraud and corruption. When Smith returned with his credentials for the term he was elected to, the Senate again refused to seat him for the same reasons. Smith and the Governor considered him to be the rightful senator, but he resigned February 9, 1928.
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