United States Senate elections, 1806 and 1807

United States Senate elections, 1806 and 1807
Dates vary by state
11 of the 34 seats in the United States Senate (plus special elections)
18 seats needed for a majority

  Majority party Minority party
 
Party Democratic-Republican Federalist
Last election 27 seats 7 seats
Seats before 27 7
Seats won 10 1
Seats after 28 6
Seat change Increase 1 Decrease 1
Seats up 9 2
Majority party before election

Democratic-Republican

 Elected Majority party

Democratic-Republican

The United States Senate elections of 1806 and 1807 were elections that had the Democratic-Republican Party increase its overwhelming control of the Senate by one additional Senator. The Federalists went into the elections with such a small share of Senate seats (7 out of 34, or 21%) that even if they had won every election, they would have still remained a minority caucus. As it was, however, they lost one of the two seats they were defending and picked up no gains from their opponents.

As these elections were prior to ratification of the seventeenth amendment, Senators were chosen by state legislatures.

Results summary

Senate Party Division, 10th Congress (1807–1809)

  • Majority Party: Democratic-Republican (28)
  • Minority Party: Federalist (6)
  • Other Parties: 0
  • Total Seats: 34

Change in Senate composition

Before the elections

DR7 DR6 DR5 DR4 DR3 DR2 DR1
DR8 DR9 DR10 DR11 DR12 DR13 DR14 DR15 DR16 DR17
Majority → DR18
DR27
Ran		 DR26
Ran		 DR25
Ran		 DR24
Ran		 DR23
Ran		 DR22
Retired		 DR21
Retired		 DR20
Retired		 DR19
Retired
F7
Retired		 F6
Ran		 F5 F4 F3 F2 F1

Beginning of the next Congress

DR7 DR6 DR5 DR4 DR3 DR2 DR1
DR8 DR9 DR10 DR11 DR12 DR13 DR14 DR15 DR16 DR17
Majority → DR18
DR27
Hold		 DR26
Hold		 DR25
Hold		 DR24
Re-elected		 DR23
Re-elected		 DR22
Re-elected		 DR21
Re-elected		 DR20
Re-elected		 DR19
Re-elected
DR28
Gain		 F6
Re-elected		 F5 F4 F3 F2 F1
Key:
DR# Democratic-Republican
F# Federalist
V# Vacant

Race summaries

Except if/when noted, the number following candidates is the whole number vote(s), not a percentage.

Special elections during the preceding Congress

In these special elections, the winner was seated during 1806 or before March 4, 1807; ordered by election date.

State Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party Electoral history
Georgia
(Class 3)		 James Jackson Democratic-Republican 1793
1795 (Resigned)
1800		 Incumbent died March 19, 1806.
New senator elected June 19, 1806.
Democratic-Republican hold.		 √ John Milledge (Democratic-Republican) 41
Barnot 24
Telfair[Notes 1] 13[1]
Kentucky
(Class 3)		 John Adair Democratic-Republican 1805 (Special) Incumbent resigned November 18, 1806 after losing re-election, see below.
New senator elected November 19, 1806, despite being younger than the constitutional minimum.
Democratic-Republican hold.		 √ Henry Clay (Democratic-Republican) 58
George M. Bibb 10
John Pope (Federalist) 1[2]
Maryland
(Class 3)		 Robert Wright Democratic-Republican 1801 (Special) Incumbent resigned November 12, 1806 to become Governor of Maryland.
New senator elected November 25, 1806.
Democratic-Republican hold.
Winner also elected to the next term, see below.		 √ Philip Reed (Democratic-Republican) 47
William Hayward (Federalist) 33[3]

Races leading to the next Congress

In these general elections, the winner was seated on March 4, 1807; ordered by state.

All the elections involved the Class 3 seats.

State Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party Electoral
history
Connecticut Uriah Tracy Federalist 1796 (Special)
1801		 Incumbent re-elected in 1807. √ Uriah Tracy (Federalist)
[Data unknown/missing.]
Georgia John Milledge Democratic-
Republican		 1806 (Special) Incumbent re-elected in 1806. √ John Milledge (Democratic-Republican)
[Data unknown/missing.]
Kentucky John Adair Democratic-Republican 1805 (Special) Incumbent lost re-election.
New senator elected November 20, 1806 on the fourth ballot.
Democratic-Republican hold.
Incumbent then resigned immediately and a new senator was elected to finish the term, see above.		 √ John Pope (Democratic-Republican) 45
John Adair (Democratic-Republican) 37
Samuel Hopkins Eliminated[4]
Maryland Robert Wright Democratic-Republican 1801 (Special) Incumbent resigned November 12, 1806 to become Governor of Maryland.
New senator elected in 1806 or 1807.
Democratic-Republican hold.
Winner also elected to finish the current term, see above.		 √ Philip Reed (Democratic-Republican)
[Data unknown/missing.]
New Hampshire William Plumer Federalist 1802 (Special) Incumbent retired.
New senator elected in 1807.
Democratic-Republican gain.		 √ Nahum Parker (Democratic-Republican)
[Data unknown/missing.]
New York John Smith Democratic-
Republican		 1804 (Special) Incumbent re-elected February 3, 1807. √ John Smith (Democratic-Republican) 112
John Jay (Federalist) 14[5]
North Carolina David Stone Democratic-
Republican		 1800 Incumbent retired to return to the State Superior Court, and then resigned early (February 17, 1807)
New senator elected in 1806 on the seventh ballot.
Democratic-Republican hold.		 √ Jesse Franklin (Democratic-Republican) 102
Thomas Blount 56
Benjamin Smith 9
Thomas Davis Eliminated
John H. Binford Eliminated
David Stone Eliminated
Capoe 1
Blank 1[6]
Ohio Thomas Worthington Democratic-
Republican		 1803 Unknown if incumbent retired or lost re-election.
New senator elected January 1, 1807.
Democratic-Republican hold.		 √ Edward Tiffin (Democratic-Republican) 25
Philemon Beecher (Federalist) 12
John Bigger (Federalist) 2
Return J. Meigs Jr. (Democratic-Republican) 2
Tom Kinkey[7] 1
Tom Tuff[7] 1[8]
Pennsylvania George Logan Democratic-
Republican		 1801 (Appointed)
1801 (Special)		 Incumbent retired.
New senator elected in 1806.
Democratic-Republican hold.		 √ Andrew Gregg (Democratic-Republican) 49.11%
Nathaniel Boileau (Democratic-Republican) 35.71%
John Steele (Democratic-Republican) 12.5%
Not voting 2.68%
South Carolina John Gaillard Democratic-
Republican		 1804 (Special) Incumbent re-elected December 9, 1806 on the second ballot. √ John Gaillard (Democratic-Republican) 75
Samuel Farrow 64
Joseph Blythe Eliminated[9]
Vermont Stephen R. Bradley Democratic-
Republican		 1791
1795 (Lost)
1801 (Special)		 Incumbent re-elected in 1806. √ Stephen R. Bradley (Democratic-Republican) 120
Other 60[10]

Special elections during the next Congress

In this special election, the winner was seated in 1807 after March 4; ordered by election date.

State Incumbent Results Candidates
Senator Party Electoral history
Vermont
(Class 1)		 Israel Smith Democratic-Republican 1802 Incumbent resigned October 1, 1807.
New senator elected October 10, 1807.
Democratic-Republican hold.		 √ Jonathan Robinson (Democratic-Republican)
[Data unknown/missing.]
Connecticut
(Class 3)		 Uriah Tracy Federalist 1796 (Special)
1801
1807		 Incumbent died July 19, 1807.
Samuel W. Dana (Federalist) was elected to finish the term,[11] but declined the election.[12]
New senator elected October 25, 1807 on the second ballot.
Federalist hold.		 √ Chauncey Goodrich (Federalist) 80
A. Spalding (Democratic-Republican) 74
Roger Griswold (Federalist) 17
D. Humphrey (Federalist) 10
J. C. Smith (Federalist) 2
E. Boardman (Democratic-Republican) 1
J. Davenport (Democratic-Republican) 1[13]
Rhode Island
(Class 2)		 James Fenner Democratic-Republican 1804 Incumbent resigned September 1807 to become Governor of Rhode Island.
New senator elected October 26, 1807.
Democratic-Republican hold.		 √ Elisha Mathewson (Democratic-Republican) 57
Jonathan Russell 18
James Burrill, Jr. 2[14]
Georgia
(Class 2)		 George Jones Democratic-Republican 1807 (Appointed) Predecessor Abraham Baldwin (DR) had died March 4, 1807.
Incumbent appointee did not seek election.
New senator elected November 7, 1807.
Democratic-Republican hold.		 √ William H. Crawford (Democratic-Republican) 59
George Jones 27[15]

See also

Notes

  1. ↑ Possibly Thomas Telfair

References

  1. ↑ "Georgia 1806 U.S. Senate, Special". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved February 11, 2018. , citing Georgia Republican (Savannah, GA). June 27, 1806.
  2. ↑ "Kentucky 1806 U.S. Senate, Special". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved February 11, 2018. , citing The Western World (Frankfort, KY). November 22, 1806. Aurora. General Advertiser (Philadelphia, PA). December 19, 1806.
  3. ↑ "Maryland 1806 U.S. Senate, Special". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved February 11, 2018. , citing Votes and Proceedings of the Maryland State Senate, 1806. 11-12.
  4. ↑ "Kentucky 1806 U.S. Senate, Ballot 4". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved February 12, 2018. , citing The Western World (Frankfort, KY). November 22, 1806. Aurora. General Advertiser (Philadelphia, PA). December 19, 1806.
  5. ↑ "New York 1807 U.S. Senate". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved February 13, 2018. , citing Journal of the New York Assembly, 1807. 38-39. Journal of the New York State Senate, 1807. 13-14.
  6. ↑ "North Carolina 1806 U.S. Senate, Ballot 7". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved February 13, 2018. , citing Legislative Papers for 1806. State Archives of North Carolina, Raleigh.
  7. 1 2 'more than likely both fictional characters'
  8. ↑ "Ohio 1807 U.S. Senate". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved February 13, 2018. , citing Taylor, William A. (1900). Ohio in Congress from 1803 to 1901. Columbus, Ohio: Century Publishing Co. p. 96 – via Google books.
  9. ↑ "South Carolina 1806 U.S. Senate, Ballot 2". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved February 14, 2018. , citing The Times (Charleston, SC). December 13, 1806. Charleston Courier (Charleston, SC). December 16, 1806.
  10. ↑ "Vermont 1806 U.S. Senate". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved February 14, 2018. , citing American Mercury (Hartford, CT). November 6, 1806. Weekly Wanderer (Randolph, VT). October 29, 1806.
  11. ↑ Dana 96, Asa Spalding (Democratic-Republican) 50, David Humphrey (Federalist) 8
  12. ↑ "Connecticut 1807 U.S. Senate, Special". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved February 12, 2018. , citing Connecticut Herald (New Haven, CT). October 13, 1807.
  13. ↑ "Connecticut 1807 U.S. Senate". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved February 12, 2018. , citing American Mercury (Hartford, CT). November 5, 1807.
  14. ↑ "Rhode Island 1807 U.S. Senate, Special". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved February 14, 2018. , citing Newport Mercury (Newport, RI). November 7, 1807.
  15. ↑ "Georgia 1807 U.S. Senate, Special". Tufts Digital Collations and Archives. A New Nation Votes: American Election Returns 1787–1825. Tufts University. Retrieved February 12, 2018. , citing Augusta Chronicle (Augusta, GA). November 14, 1807.
  • "Party Division in the Senate, 1789-Present" – via Senate.gov.
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