Tuzigoot National Monument

Tuzigoot National Monument
Part of the Tuzigoot pueblo
Map showing the location of Tuzigoot National Monument
Location Yavapai County, Arizona, USA
Nearest city Cottonwood, Arizona
Coordinates 34°46′15″N 112°01′34″W / 34.7708537°N 112.0259912°W / 34.7708537; -112.0259912Coordinates: 34°46′15″N 112°01′34″W / 34.7708537°N 112.0259912°W / 34.7708537; -112.0259912
Area 811.89 acres (328.56 ha)[1]
Created July 25, 1939 (1939-July-25)
Visitors 104,604 (in 2016)[2]
Governing body National Park Service
Website Tuzigoot National Monument

Tuzigoot National Monument (Yavapai: ʼHaktlakva, Western Apache: Tú Digiz) preserves a 2- to 3-story pueblo ruin on the summit of a limestone and sandstone ridge just east of Clarkdale, Arizona, 120 feet (36 m) above the Verde River floodplain. The Tuzigoot Site is an elongated complex of stone masonry rooms that were built along the spine of a natural outcrop in the Verde Valley. The central rooms stand higher than the others and they appear to have served public functions.[3] The pueblo has 110 rooms.[4] The National Park Service currently administers 58 acres (23 ha), within an authorized boundary of 834 acres (338 ha).[5]

Tuzigoot is Apache for "crooked water,"[6] from nearby Pecks Lake, a cutoff meander of the Verde River. The pueblo was built by the Sinagua people between 1125 and 1400 CE. Tuzigoot is the largest and best preserved of the many Sinagua pueblo ruins in the Verde Valley. The ruins at Tuzigoot incorporate very few doors; instead, the inhabitants used ladders accessed by trapdoor type openings in the roofs to enter each room.

At this site, remains of pithouses can be seen as well as petroglyphs, although the petroglyphs can be viewed only on certain days of the week.[7]

The monument is on land once owned by United Verde/Phelps Dodge. The corporation sold the site to Yavapai County for $1 so that the excavation could be completed under the auspices of federal relief projects. The county in turn transferred the land to the federal government.[8]

Tuzigoot was excavated from 1933 to 1935 by Louis Caywood and Edward Spicer of the University of Arizona, with funding from the federal Civil Works Administration and Works Project Administration. In 1935–1936, with additional federal funding, the ruins were prepared for public display, and a Pueblo Revival-style museum and visitor center was constructed.

Franklin D. Roosevelt designated Tuzigoot Ruins as a U.S. National Monument on July 25, 1939.[9] The Tuzigoot National Monument Archeological District was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on October 15, 1966.[10][11]

The ruins are surrounded by the tailings pond of the former United Verde copper mine at Jerome. The tailings have recently been stabilized and revegetated.[12]

See also

References

  1. ↑ "Listing of acreage as of December 31, 2011". Land Resource Division, National Park Service. Retrieved 2012-05-14.
  2. ↑ "NPS Annual Recreation Visits Report". National Park Service. Retrieved 2017-04-25.
  3. ↑ Archaeology of Native North America, 2010, Dean R. Snow, Prentice-Hall, New York. pp. 134
  4. ↑ "Tuzigoot History & Culture". National Park Service.
  5. ↑ "Tuzigoot Nature & Science". National Park Service.
  6. ↑ "Frequently Asked Questions". National Park Service. March 31, 2012. Retrieved August 31, 2017.
  7. ↑ Judy Hedding. "Montezuma Castle and Tuzigoot Two National Monuments". Retrieved April 8, 2012.
  8. ↑ "Tuzigoot National Monument". Yavapai Heritage Roundup. Archived from the original on 2007-09-28.
  9. ↑ "Tuzigoot Celebrates Its 70th Birthday" (PDF). National Park Service. July 16, 2009.
  10. ↑ "National Register Information System". National Register of Historic Places. National Park Service. November 15, 1966.
  11. ↑ Kaiser, Harvey H. (2003). An Architectural Guide to the Southwest National Parks. Salt Lake City: Gibbs-Smith. ISBN 1-58685-068-7.
  12. ↑ "Tailings soon a thing of the past". Verde Independent. 2006-06-14. Archived from the original on 2007-08-06.
  • "Tuzigoot National Monument". National Park Service.
  • "Tuzigoot National Monument, Arizona". Archeology Program. National Park Service.
  • "Tuzigoot National Monument". National Register of Historic Places Travel Itinerary. National Park Service.
  • "Montezuma Castle Tuzigoot National Monuments: General Management Plan/Environmental Assessment Summary". National Park Service.
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